Andrias

Cladus: Eukaryota
Supergroup: Opisthokonta
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Classis: Amphibia
Subclassis: Lissamphibia
Ordo: Urodela
Subordo: Cryptobranchoidea
Familia: Cryptobranchidae
Genus: Andrias
Species: A. davidianus - A. japonicus -

Name

Andrias Tschudi, 1837

Type species: Salamandra scheuchzeri Holl, 1831

Synonyms

* Proteocordylus Eichwald, 1831
* Andrias Tschudi, 1837
* Megalobatrachus Tschudi, 1837
* Sieboldia Gray, 1838
* Sieboldtia — Agassiz, 1838
* Hydrosalamandra Leuckart, 1840
* Tritogenius Gistel, 1848
* Tritomegas Duméril, Bibron & Duméril, 1854
* Megalobranchus — Van der Hoeven, 1855
* Sieboldiana — Ishikawa, 1904
* Plicagnathus Cook, 1917

References

* Tschudi, 1837, Neues Jahrb. Mineral. Geogn. Geol. Petrefactenkunde, Stuttgart, 5: 545.
* Amphibian Species of the World 5.2 Andrias access date 28 July 2008

Vernacular names
Internationalization
English: Giant salamanders
日本語: オオサンショウウオ属
Polski: Salamandry olbrzymie

Andrias is a genus of giant salamanders. It includes the largest salamanders in the world, with A. japonicus reaching a length of 1.44 metres (4 ft 9 in), and A. sligoi reaching 1.80 metres (5 ft 11 in). While extant species are only known from East Asia, several extinct species in the genus are known from late Oligocene and Neogene aged fossils collected in Europe and North America, indicating that the genus formerly had a much wider range.[1]

Taxonomy

The generic name derives from Ancient Greek ἀνδριάς, "statue." The former name was Megalobatrachus, from Ancient Greek meaning "giant frog."
Species
Extant

Image	Scientific name	Common Name	Distribution
	Andrias japonicus	Japanese giant salamander	Japan
	Andrias davidianus	Chinese giant salamander	China (traditionally considered widespread in the country, but likely restricted to Yangtze River basin)
	Andrias sligoi	South China giant salamander	Southern China (Pearl River basin)

Based on genetic evidence, there may be more extant species in the genus. A study in 2018 found that A. davidianus sensu lato was a species complex that consisted of at least 5 different species.[2] A. sligoi, which was formerly synonymized with A. davidianus, was revived in 2019 for one of these populations.[3]
Extinct

†Andrias scheuchzeri (Late Oligocene to Late Pliocene, Central Europe)
†Andrias matthewi (Miocene of Saskatchewan in Canada and Colorado & Nebraska in the United States)

References

"Fossilworks: Andrias". fossilworks.org. Retrieved 2018-12-24.
"5 Giant Salamander Species Identified—And They're All in Danger". National Geographic News. 2018-05-29. Retrieved 2018-12-24.

Turvey, Samuel T.; Marr, Melissa M.; Barnes, Ian; Brace, Selina; Tapley, Benjamin; Murphy, Robert W.; Zhao, Ermi; Cunningham, Andrew A. (2019). "Historical museum collections clarify the evolutionary history of cryptic species radiation in the world's largest amphibians". Ecology and Evolution. 9 (18): 10070–10084. doi:10.1002/ece3.5257. ISSN 2045-7758. PMC 6787787. PMID 31624538.

AmphibiaWeb - Andrias japonicus. Accessed 2008-04-08.
AmphibiaWeb - Andrias davidianus. Accessed 2008-04-08.
Amphibian Species of the World 5.1. Accessed 2008-04-10.