Anthracothorax veraguensis

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Cladus: Sarcopterygii
Cladus: Rhipidistia
Cladus: Tetrapodomorpha
Cladus: Eotetrapodiformes
Cladus: Elpistostegalia
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Classis: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Infraclassis: Archosauromorpha
Cladus: Crurotarsi
Divisio: Archosauria
Cladus: Avemetatarsalia
Cladus: Ornithodira
Subtaxon: Dinosauromorpha
Cladus: Dinosauriformes
Cladus: Dracohors
Cladus: Dinosauria
Ordo: Saurischia
Cladus: Eusaurischia
Subordo: Theropoda
Cladus: Neotheropoda
Cladus: Averostra
Cladus: Tetanurae
Cladus: Avetheropoda
Cladus: Coelurosauria
Cladus: Tyrannoraptora
Cladus: Maniraptoromorpha
Cladus: Maniraptoriformes
Cladus: Maniraptora
Cladus: Pennaraptora
Cladus: Paraves
Cladus: Eumaniraptora
Cladus: Avialae
Infraclassis: Aves
Cladus: Euavialae
Cladus: Avebrevicauda
Cladus: Pygostylia
Cladus: Ornithothoraces
Cladus: Ornithuromorpha
Cladus: Carinatae
Parvclassis: Neornithes
Cohors: Neognathae
Cladus: Neoaves
Superordo: Caprimulgimorphae
Ordo: Apodiformes

Familia: Trochilidae
Subfamilia: Trochilinae
Genus: Anthracothorax
Species: Anthracothorax veraguensis
Name

Anthracothorax veraguensis Reichenbach, 1855

Type locality: Veragua, Panama.

References

Reichenbach, H.G.L. 1855. Trochilinarum enumeratio ex affinitate naturali reciproca primum ducta provisoria. Friedericum Hofmeister, Lipsiae [Leipzig] 1–12. DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.50085 BHL Reference page. p. 9 BHL

Vernacular names
English: Veraguan Mango
español: Mango de Veragua
français: Mango de Veragua

The Veraguan mango (Anthracothorax veraguensis) is a species of hummingbird in the family Trochilidae. It is found in Panama and recently in Costa Rica.[3] It was considered conspecific with the Green-breasted Mango (Anthracothorax prevostii) but was separated due to morphological and geographical differences in 1995.[4]

Description

The Veraguan mango is a medium-sized hummingbird species, reaching lengths of 11–12 cm.[5] Both sexes are metallic green with a slightly decurved, dark grey beak, and black tail feathers with a red circle central to each feather.[6] This species exhibits sexual dimorphism. Males have a blueish breast and belly, whilst females have a white-cream belly with a dark teal stripe running down the breast.[6] The morphology of the Veraguan mango is very similar to that of the Green-breasted mango, however it differs by the lack of black plumage on the throat. The black ventral stripe seen in the Green-breasted mango is teal coloured in female Veraguan mangos.[5]
Distribution and Ecology

The species is named for the region it was first discovered in, Veraguas Province in Panama. However, it is common throughout much of the Pacific coastline of Panama and into Costa Rica. Until recently it was considered endemic to Panama, but has now been sighted in the southern Pacific lowlands of Costa Rica. In 2009 it was added to the official list of birds of Costa Rica.[7] Like other hummingbird species, the Veraguan mango feeds on nectar and invertebrates. It has been observed feeding on the flowers of Erythrina gibbosa in Costa Rica, and other species in the genus Erythrina at other locations.[7]
Classification

Due to its similar morphology and overlapping distributions, the Veraguan mango was considered conspecific with the Green-breasted mango and was included in the species Anthracothorax prevostii.[4] It was described as its own species, Anthracothorax veraguensis due to morphological differences such as the lack of black plumage on its underside. An analysis of the Trochilidae found that within the genus Anthracothorax, A. prevostii and A. veraguensis are indeed sister species.[8]
Conservation Status

It is currently classified as Least Concern by the IUCN.[1] Its population size and population trend are not known, but are not believed to be sufficient to raise its status to Vulnerable. It is known to occupy a restricted range of approximately 57,300 km2, however this is above the criterion needed to be listed as vulnerable.[1]
See also

Anthracothorax
Green-breasted mango

References

BirdLife International (2016). "Anthracothorax veraguensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22729026A95003555. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22729026A95003555.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
"Appendices | CITES". cites.org. Retrieved 2022-01-14.
James Currie (March 1, 2011). "Veraguan Mango – Panama's ex-endemic". 10,000 Birds. Retrieved March 4, 2011.
Monroe, B. L.; Banks, R. C.; Fitzpatrick, J. W.; Howell, T. R.; Johnson, N. K.; Ouellet, H.; Remsen, J. V.; Storer, R. W. (1995). "Fortieth Supplement to the American Ornithologists' Union Check-List of North American Birds". American Ornithological Society. 112: 819–830.
Huffstater, K.; Arizmendi, M. C.; Rodriguez-Flores, C.; Soberanes-Gonzalez, C. "Identification - Green-breasted Mango (Anthracothorax prevostii) - Neotropical Birds". Cornell Lab of Ornithology Neotropical Birds. Retrieved March 27, 2017.
Sedgwick, C. "Overview - Veraguan Mango (Anthracothorax veraguensis) - Neotropical Birds". Cornell Lab of Ornithology Neotropical Birds. Retrieved March 27, 2017.
Riedl, I. G.; Schulze, C. H. (2010). "Observación de manguito de veragua Anthracothorax veraguensis (Reichenbach 1855) en las tierras bajas del Pacífi co sur de Costa Rica". Zeledonia. 14: 21–27.
Remsen, J. V.; Stiles, F. G.; Mcguire, J. A. (2015). "Classification of the Polytminae (Aves: Trochilidae)". Zootaxa. 3957 (1): 143–150. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3957.1.13. PMID 26249062.