Glaucidium hoskinsii

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Cladus: Sarcopterygii
Cladus: Rhipidistia
Cladus: Tetrapodomorpha
Cladus: Eotetrapodiformes
Cladus: Elpistostegalia
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Classis: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Infraclassis: Archosauromorpha
Cladus: Crurotarsi
Divisio: Archosauria
Cladus: Avemetatarsalia
Cladus: Ornithodira
Subtaxon: Dinosauromorpha
Cladus: Dinosauriformes
Cladus: Dracohors
Cladus: Dinosauria
Ordo: Saurischia
Cladus: Eusaurischia
Subordo: Theropoda
Cladus: Neotheropoda
Cladus: Averostra
Cladus: Tetanurae
Cladus: Avetheropoda
Cladus: Coelurosauria
Cladus: Tyrannoraptora
Cladus: Maniraptoromorpha
Cladus: Maniraptoriformes
Cladus: Maniraptora
Cladus: Pennaraptora
Cladus: Paraves
Cladus: Eumaniraptora
Cladus: Avialae
Infraclassis: Aves
Cladus: Euavialae
Cladus: Avebrevicauda
Cladus: Pygostylia
Cladus: Ornithothoraces
Cladus: Ornithuromorpha
Cladus: Carinatae
Parvclassis: Neornithes
Cohors: Neognathae
Cladus: Neoaves
Ordo: Strigiformes

Familia: Strigidae
Subfamilia: Surniinae
Genus: Glaucidium
Species: Glaucidium hoskinsii
Name

Glaucidium hoskinsii Brewster, 1888
References

The Auk 5 p. 136

Vernacular names
čeština: Kulíšek kalifornský
Deutsch: Hoskins-Sperlingskauz
English: Baja pygmy owl
español: Mochuelo de Hoskins
français: Chevêchette de Hoskins
Nederlands: Bajadwerguil
Diné bizaad: Ayaaí Ahééháshį́į́hdę́ę́ʼ biniiʼdootłʼizh
svenska: Californiasparvuggla

The Baja pygmy owl (Glaucidium hoskinsii) or cape pygmy owl, is a subspecies of northern pygmy owl restricted to the Mexican state of Baja California Sur. Although some taxonomists, including the International Ornithologists' Union, consider it to be a distinct species, other authorities, including the American Ornithological Society, do not consider it separate, and consider it to be a subspecies of the northern pygmy owl.

Description

It is 15 to 16.5 cm [3] or 17 cm (6 to 7 inches) long and weighs 50 to 65 grams (1.8–2.3 oz).[4] Its plumage is sandy gray-brown, with females typically more reddish than males. Unlike many related owls, it does not seem to have gray and red morphs. The adult's crown and back have many pale spots, which are biggest on the scapular feathers (where the wings join the back). The tail is long for an owl and is crossed by five or six pale bars. The underparts are off-white with brown streaks. The face shows little contrast except for white "false eyebrows". Like other pygmy owls (Glaucidium), it has yellow irises and a yellow bill, as well as two white-outlined black triangles on the back on the neck that suggest eyespots.[3]

The commonly heard call is distinctly different from that of other pygmy owls in the region: a hoo hoo lasting about two seconds, with five to fifteen seconds between double hoots. This species occasionally begins a bout of hooting with up to five hoots in series. It may also utter "a rapid, slightly quavering huhuhu…" that may lead to hooting.[3]
Range and habitat

The cape pygmy owl is endemic to Baja California Sur from the Sierra de la Laguna in the Cape District, where it is fairly common, to the Sierra de la Gigante at least as far north as 26.5°. It inhabits pine and pine-oak woods from 1500 to 2100 meters (5000–7000 ft.) in altitude. In winter it can descend to 500 meters (1,640 ft.).[3]
Classification

The American Ornithological Society considers it a subspecies of the northern pygmy owl, Glaucidium gnoma (as it does several other populations).[5][6] It has also been considered a subspecies of the least pygmy owl.[7] However, it is considered a separate species here following the Handbook of the Birds of the World. According to one authority, DNA evidence suggests that the two species are not closely related.[4]
Etymology

The epithet hoskinsii commemorates Francis Hoskins, an assistant to Marston Abbott Frazar, an ornithologist who the American businessman George Burritt Sennett paid to collect birds in the 1880s. The first specimen of the cape pygmy owl was collected on one of Frazar's expeditions.[8]
References

BirdLife International (2016). "Glaucidium hoskinsii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T61791676A95181434. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T61791676A95181434.en.
"Appendices | CITES". cites.org. Retrieved 2022-01-14.
Howell, Steve N. G.; Webb, Sophie (1995), A Guide to the Birds of Mexico and Northern Central America, Oxford University Press, pp. 568, ISBN 0-19-854012-4
Weick, Friedhelm (2006), Owls (Strigiformes): Annotated and Illustrated Checklist, Springer, p. 164, ISBN 978-3-540-35234-1
Banks, Richard C.; et al. (2000), "Forty-second Supplement to the American Ornithologists' Union Check-List of North American Birds" (PDF), Auk, 117 (3): 847–858, doi:10.1642/0004-8038(2000)117[0847:FSSTTA]2.0.CO;2, retrieved Sep 25, 2007
Check-list of North American Birds, American Ornithologists' Union, 1998–2006, archived from the original on 2007-12-11, retrieved Sep 26, 2007
Lepage, Denis, "Cape Pygmy-Owl", Avibase - the world bird database, retrieved 24 June 2021

Beolen, Bo; Watkins, Michael (2004), Whose Bird? Common Bird Names and the People They Commemorate, Yale University Press, pp. 123, 171, 307–308, ISBN 0-300-10359-X

External links

Page with images and sound recording from Owling.com. Accessed Sept. 25, 2007.