Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Cladus: Sarcopterygii
Cladus: Rhipidistia
Cladus: Tetrapodomorpha
Cladus: Eotetrapodiformes
Cladus: Elpistostegalia
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Classis: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Infraclassis: Archosauromorpha
Cladus: Crurotarsi
Divisio: Archosauria
Cladus: Avemetatarsalia
Cladus: Ornithodira
Subtaxon: Dinosauromorpha
Cladus: Dinosauriformes
Cladus: Dracohors
Cladus: Dinosauria
Ordo: Saurischia
Cladus: Eusaurischia
Subordo: Theropoda
Cladus: Neotheropoda
Cladus: Averostra
Cladus: Tetanurae
Cladus: Avetheropoda
Cladus: Coelurosauria
Cladus: Tyrannoraptora
Cladus: Maniraptoromorpha
Cladus: Maniraptoriformes
Cladus: Maniraptora
Cladus: Pennaraptora
Cladus: Paraves
Cladus: Eumaniraptora
Cladus: Avialae
Infraclassis: Aves
Cladus: Euavialae
Cladus: Avebrevicauda
Cladus: Pygostylia
Cladus: Ornithothoraces
Cladus: Ornithuromorpha
Cladus: Carinatae
Parvclassis: Neornithes
Cohors: Palaeognathae
Ordo: Tinamiformes
Familia: Tinamidae
Subfamilia: Tinaminae
Genus: Nothocercus
Species: Nothocercus julius
Name
Nothocercus julius (Bonaparte, 1854)
Original combination: Tinamus julius
References
Compte Rendus 38 p.663
Vernacular names
čeština: Tinama bronzovoprsá
English: Tawny-breasted Tinamou
español: Tinamú cabecirrojo
lietuvių: Juliaus notocerkas
polski: kusacz rdzawogłowy
svenska: Brunbröstad tinamo
The tawny-breasted tinamou (Nothocercus julius) is a type of ground bird found in montane moist forest.[1] Their range is northwestern South America.[1][3]
Taxonomy
All tinamou are from the family Tinamidae, and in the larger scheme are also ratites. Unlike other ratites, tinamous can fly, although in general, they are not strong fliers. All ratites evolved from prehistoric flying birds, and tinamous are the closest living relative of these birds.[4]
Description
The tawny-breasted tinamou has brown upperparts barred with black, and its wings have buff spots. Below its bright chestnut head, it has a white throat. Its breast and flanks are olivaceous brown, while the rest of its underparts are bright rufous. This tinamou measures 35.5–38 cm (14.0–15.0 in) in length.[5]
Behavior
Like other tinamous, the tawny-breasted eats fruit off the ground or low-lying bushes. They also eat small amounts of invertebrates, flower buds, tender leaves, seeds, and roots. The male incubates the eggs which may come from as many as 4 different females, and then will raise them until they are ready to be on their own, usually 2–3 weeks. The nest is located on the ground in dense brush or between raised root buttresses.[4]
Range
This species is native to the Andes in far western Venezuela, central Colombia, Ecuador, and southern Peru.[3]
Habitat
The tawny-breasted tinamou is a type of ground bird found in montane moist forest[1] up to 1,700 to 3,350 m (5,580–10,990 ft) altitude.
Conservation
The tawny-breasted tinamou is listed as Least Concern by the IUCN,[1] and has an estimated global extent of occurrence of 110,000 km2 (42,000 sq mi).[6]
Footnotes
BirdLife International (2016). "Nothocercus julius". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22678157A92758680. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22678157A92758680.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
Brands, S. (2008)
Clemenst, J. (2007)
Davies, S. J. J. F. (2003)
Schulenberg, Thomas S.; Stotz, Douglas F.; Lane, Daniel F.; O'Neill, John P.; Parker III, Theodore A. (2007). Birds of Peru. Princeton, NJ, US: Princeton University Press. p. 30.
BirdLife International (2008)
References
BirdLife International (2008). "Tawny-breasted Tinamou - BirdLife Species Factsheet". Data Zone. Retrieved 6 Feb 2009.
Brands, Sheila (Aug 14, 2008). "Systema Naturae 2000 / Classification, Genus Nothocercus". Project: The Taxonomicon. Retrieved Feb 4, 2009.
Clements, James (2007). The Clements Checklist of the Birds of the World (6th ed.). Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. ISBN 978-0-8014-4501-9.
Davies, S.J.J.F. (2003). "Tinamous". In Hutchins, Michael (ed.). Grzimek's Animal Life Encyclopedia. Vol. 8 Birds I Tinamous and Ratites to Hoatzins (2nd ed.). Farmington Hills, MI: Gale Group. pp. 57–59. ISBN 0-7876-5784-0.
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