Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Phylum: Cnidaria
Classis: Anthozoa
Subclassis: Hexacorallia
Ordo: Corallimorpharia
Familiae: Corallimorphidae - Discosomatidae - Ricordeidae - Sideractiidae
References
Eash-Loucks, W.E.; Fautin, D.G. 2012: Taxonomy and distribution of sea anemones (Cnidaria: Actiniaria and Corallimorpharia) from deep water of the northeastern Pacific. Zootaxa 3375: 1–80. Preview PDF Reference page.
Fautin, D.G. 2016. Catalog to families, genera, and species of orders Actiniaria and Corallimorpharia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa). Zootaxa 4145(1): 1–449. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4145.1.1. Full article (PDF). ISBN 978-1-77557-507-8 (paperback); ISBN 978-1-77557-508-5 (Online edition) Reference page.
Fautin, D.G., Zelenchuk, T. & Raveendran, D. 2007. Genera of orders Actiniaria and Corallimorpharia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Hexacorallia), and their type species. In: Zhang, Z.-Q. & Shear, W.A. (Eds) (2007) Linnaeus Tercentenary: Progress in Invertebrate Taxonomy Zootaxa 1668: 1–766. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.180167 Full article (PDF) Reference page.
Vernacular names
Ελληνικά: Κοραλομορφάρια
日本語: 骨無珊瑚目
Corallimorpharia is an order of marine cnidarians closely related to stony or reef building corals (Scleractinia). They occur in both temperate and tropical climates, although they are mostly tropical. Temperate forms tend to be very robust, with wide and long columns, whereas tropical forms tend to have very short columns with a wide oral disc and very short tentacles. The tentacles are usually arranged in rows radiating from the mouth. Many species occur together in large groups, although there are recorded instances of individuals. In many respects, they resemble the stony corals, except for the absence of a stony skeleton. Morphological and molecular evidence suggests that they are very closely related to stony corals.
Corallimorpharians occur in a wide range of marine habitats, and can be associated with phase shifts in coral reef ecosystems that result in a change from a hard-coral dominated reef to a soft-coral dominated one. They have been observed to overgrow reefs in a carpet formation. Many species are also common invertebrates kept in marine aquaria.
Taxonomy
According to World Register of Marine Species, this order contains 46 species within 11 genera:
Family Corallimorphidae Hertwig, 1882
Genus Corallimorphus Moseley, 1877 -- 6 species
Genus Corynactis Allman, 1846 -- 14 species
Genus Paracorynactis Ocaña, den Hartog, Brito & Bos, 2010 -- 1 species
Family Discosomidae Verrill, 1869
Genus Amplexidiscus Dunn & Hamner, 1980 -- 1 species
Genus Discosoma Rüppell & Leuckart, 1828 -- 11 species
Genus Metarhodactis Carlgren, 1943 -- 1 species
Genus Platyzoanthus Saville-Kent, 1893 -- 1 species
Genus Rhodactis Milne Edwards & Haime, 1851 -- 7 species
Family Ricordeidae Watzl, 1922
Genus Ricordea Duchassaing de Fonbressin & Michelotti, 1860 -- 2 species
Family Sideractinidae Danielssen, 1890
Genus Nectactis Gravier, 1918 -- 1 species
Genus Sideractis Danielssen, 1890 -- 1 species
References
"Corallimorpharia". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 2011-12-15.
WoRMS (2011). "Corallimorpharia". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 2011-12-15.
UFL Zoology - Cnidaria[permanent dead link]
Barnes, Robert D. (1982). Invertebrate Zoology. Philadelphia, PA: Holt-Saunders International. p. 170. ISBN 0-03-056747-5.
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