Helotiales

Cladus: Eukaryota
Supergroup: Opisthokonta
Regnum: Fungi
Divisio: Ascomycota
Subdivisio: Pezizomycotina
Classis: Leotiomycetes
Ordo: Helotiales
Familiae: Ascocorticiaceae - Bulgariaceae - Dermateaceae - Geoglossaceae - Helotiaceae - Hemiphacidiaceae - Hyaloscyphaceae - Leotiaceae - Loramycetaceae - Phacidiaceae - Rutstroemiaceae - Sclerotiniaceae - Vibrisseaceae - Incertae sedis

Name

Helotiales Nannf., 1932

Helotiales is an order of the class Leotiomycetes within the division Ascomycota.[1] According to a 2008 estimate, the order contains 10 families, 501 genera, and 3881 species.[2]

Helotiales is the largest order of inoperculate discomycetes. It contains the famous blue-green cup fungi that makes its home on oaks is known by the genus name Chlorociboria.[3]

Habit

* Helotiales is distinguished by its disc or cup-shaped apothecia.

* Its asci are only slightly thickened in contrast to other Leotiomycetes

* Most Helotiales live as saprobes on soil humus, dead logs, manure, and other organic matter.

* Contains some of the worst plant pathogens such as Monilinia fructicola (Brown rot on stone fruits), Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lettuce drop and other diseases), D. rosae (black spot of roses), Sclerotium cepivorum (Soft rot of onions)

References

1. ^ Lumbsch TH, Huhndorf SM. (December 2007). "Outline of Ascomycota – 2007". Myconet (The Field Museum, Department of Botany, Chicago, USA) 13: 1–58. http://www.fieldmuseum.org/myconet/outline.asp.
2. ^ Kirk PM, Cannon PF, Minter DW, Stalpers JA. (2008). Dictionary of the Fungi (10th ed.). Wallingford, UK: CABI. p. 310. ISBN 9780851998268.
3. ^ Kuo M. (2004). "Chlorociboria aeruginascens & C. aeruginosa". http://www.mushroomexpert.com/chlorociboria_aeruginascens.html. Retrieved 29 August 2009.