Acacia inaequilatera

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Rosids
Cladus: Eurosids I
Ordo: Fabales

Familia: Fabaceae
Subfamilia: Caesalpinioideae
Tribus: Acacieae
Genus: Acacia
Species: Acacia inaequilatera
Name

Acacia inaequilatera Domin, 1926
Synonyms

Racosperma inaequilaterum (Domin) Pedley

Distribution
Native distribution areas:
Acacia inaequilatera

Continental: Australasia
Regional: Australia
Northern Territory, Western Australia

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references

Domin, K. 1926. Beiträge zur Flora und Pflanzengeographie Australiens, Abteilung 3: Embryophyta siphonogama. Dicotyledonae, pars IV. Bibliotheca Botanica 22 = 89(4). Stuttgart, Schweizerbart. Reference page. : 22(Heft 89):238(792).

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Acacia inaequilatera in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2020 Aug 05. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2019. Acacia inaequilatera. Published online. Accessed: Aug 05 2019.
Tropicos.org 2019. Acacia inaequilatera. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 05 Aug 2019.
Hassler, M. Aug. Acacia inaequilatera. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. Aug. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: Aug 05 {{{3}}}. Reference page.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Acacia inaequilatera in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 09-Oct-10.

Vernacular names
English: Kanji bush, Camel Bush, Corky Kanji

Acacia inaequilatera, commonly known as kanji bush, baderi,[1] camel bush, fire wattle, kanyji bush or ranji bush[2] is a tree in the family Mimosaceae. Endemic to Australia, it is widely distributed in the semi-arid Triodia country eastwards from Karratha, Western Australia into the Northern Territory.

Description

Kanji bush is a gnarled tree or shrub with a single trunk,[2] corky bark, spiny foliage and stems. It grows to a height of between 2 to 5 m (6 ft 7 in to 16 ft 5 in) but can reach as high as 8 m (26 ft).[1] It has thick, rough, corky, dark grey to black coloured bark on the main trunk that is often scarred by fire.[2] Like most Acacia species, it has phyllodes rather than true leaves. These are a blue-grey colour, with a curved midrib and a short spine at the tip. There is also a pair of curved spines at the base of each leaf. The leathery phyllodes have an asymmetrically ovate to elliptic shape. They are 1.5 to 7 cm (0.59 to 2.76 in) in length and 6 to 45 mm (0.24 to 1.77 in) wide and the apex terminates in a needle-sharp tip.[2] Unusually for Acacia species, the flowers are not pure yellow, but rather yellow with a reddish purple centre. The flowers occur between May and October.[1] are held in spherical clusters about 5 mm (0.20 in) in diameter. The pods are flat and curved, up to 10 cm (3.9 in) long and 1 cm (0.39 in) wide. They can be strongly curved to coiled and are raised high over the seeds and slightly constricted between. The pods have a pale maroon colour when young but deepen to a mid-brown or pinkish-purplish brown as they age. The dull dark brown seeds within are arranged longitudinally oblique within the pod. Each seed has a length of 4 to 6 m (13 to 20 ft) and has an obloid to globose shape.[2]

Kanji bush is very fire tolerant and colonises rapidly after a bushfire. It is able to regenerate from or and resprout from the base or epicormically It is short-lived, lasting less than ten years.[2]
Taxonomy

The species was first formally described by the botanist Karel Domin in 1926 in the work Beitrage zur Flora und Pflanzengeographie Australiens as published in Bibliotheca Botanica. It was reclassified as Racosperma inaequilaterum in 2003 and transferred back to the genus Acacia in 2006.[3] The specific epithet is derived from the Latin word inaequilatera meaning with unequal sides, referring to the very asymmetric phyllodes.[2] A. inaequilerata is closely related to Acacia trudgeniana and has inflorescences and phyllodes resembling those of Acacia marramamba, it is also often confused with Acacia pyrifolia.[4]
Distribution

It has a scattered distribution throughout arid areas of the north western tip of South Australia,[4] the south western parts of the Northern Territory[3] and the Pilbara and southern parts of the Kimberley regions of Western Australia where it is found on rocky hillsides, stony hills and plains growing in sandy to loamy stony soils.[1] It is often part of tall shrubland communities with a spinifex understorey.[4]
Uses

Indigenous Australians used the seeds of the plant as raw bush tucker or after roasting over a fire or grinding the seeds into a flour and preparing as damper. After grinding the seeds can also be used to make a beverage resembling coffee. The seeds, as for most Acacia are quite nutritious and contain around 26% protein, 2% carbohydrate and 9% fat Acacia seeds are highly nutritious and contain around 26% protein, 26% available carbohydrate, 32% fibre and 9% fat. An edible gum also exudes from the trunk and branches. The bark was also used for medicinal purposes to treat skin complains and sores by boiling in water or using the ash from burning it in fire. The tannins leached out of the bark in water make an astringent solution which were taken to treat diarrhoea and dysentery.[5]
See also

List of Acacia species

References

* "Acacia inaequilatera". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions.
"Acacia inaequilatera". Wattles of the Pilbara. Department of Environment and Conservation. 2010. Retrieved 22 January 2019.
"Acacia inaequilatera Domin". Atlas of Living Australia. Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Retrieved 22 January 2019.
Bruce Maslin. "Acacia inaequilatera Domin". Wattles: Acacias of Australia. Department of Environment and Energy. Retrieved 22 January 2019.
Ken Fern. "Acacia inaequilatera". Useful Tropical Plants. Tropical Plants Database. Retrieved 22 January 2019.