Adenochilus

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Monocots
Ordo: Asparagales

Familia: Orchidaceae
Subfamilia: Orchidoideae
Tribus: Diurideae
Subtribus: Caladeniinae
Genus: Adenochilus
Overview of species (2)

A. gracilis – A. nortonii
Name

Adenochilus Hook.f., Fl. Nov.-Zel. 1: 246 (1853)

Type species: Adenochilus gracilis Hook.f., Fl. Nov.-Zel. 1: 246 (1853)

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Australasia
Australia
New South Wales.
New Zealand
New Zealand North, New Zealand South.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references

Hook.f. (1853) Flora novae-zelandiae 1.
Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.W. & Rasmussen, F.N. (eds.) 2001. Genera Orchidacearum Volume 2: Orchidoideae (Part one); page 85 ff., Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-850710-0

Links

Global Biodiversity Information Facility. 2021. GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset. Taxon: Adenochilus. Accessed: 2021 Aug 2.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2021. Adenochilus in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2021 Aug 2. Reference page.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2021. Adenochilus in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2021 Aug 2. Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2021. Adenochilus. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2021. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2021 Aug 2. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2021. Adenochilus. Published online. Accessed: 2 Aug 2021.
Tropicos.org 2021. Adenochilus. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 2 Aug 2021.

Vernacular names

Adenochilus, commonly known as gnome orchids[3] is a genus of two species of flowering plants in the orchid family Orchidaceae, one endemic to New Zealand and the other to Australia. Both species have a long, horizontal, underground rhizome with a single leaf on the flowering stem and a single resupinate flower with its dorsal sepal forming a hood over the labellum and column.

Description

Orchids in the genus Adenochilus are terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, sympodial herbs with a long, thin, horizontal underground rhizome and a single leaf either on a long stalk or attached to the flowering stem. When present, there is a single resupinate flower on the end of the flowering stem. The dorsal sepal is free and forms a hood over the labellum and column. The lateral sepals and petals are free from each other, longer and narrower than the dorsal sepal, and spread widely apart. The labellum is also free, attached at the base of the column by a short stalk or "claw". The labellum is curved and has a narrow central band of yellow calli.[3][4][5][6]
Taxonomy and naming

The genus Adenochilus was first formally described in 1853 by Joseph Dalton Hooker and the description was published in Flora Novae-Zelandiae.[2][7] Hooker described A. gracilis in the same publication, making it the type species.[1] The name Adenochilus is derived from the Ancient Greek words aden meaning "gland"[8]: 69  and cheilos meaning "lip",[8]: 200  referring to the labellum calli of these two species.[6]
Distribution and habitat

Adenochilus gracilis Hook.f. is widespread in New Zealand where it often grows in deep leaf litter under beech trees and sometimes near wetlands. It is found on both the North and South Islands and on Stewart and Chatham Islands.[9][10]

Adenochilus nortonii Fitzg. has a restricted distribution in New South Wales, growing at altitudes of 400–1,000 m (1,300–3,300 ft) in the Blue Mountains, Barrington Tops and Point Lookout areas, often growing under Antarctic beech trees.[3][11]
See also

List of Orchidaceae genera

References

"Adenochilus ". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
"Adenochilus". APNI. Retrieved 27 June 2018.
Jones, David L. (2006). A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: New Holland. p. 266. ISBN 1877069124.
Pridgeon, Alec M.; Cribb, Phillip J.; Chase, Mark W.; Rasmussen, Finn N., eds. (2001). Genera Orchidacearum. Volume 2, Orchidoideae (part 1). Oxford, England: Oxford University Press. pp. 86–87. ISBN 0198507100.
Bernhardt, Peter J. "Genus Adenochilus". Royal Botanic Garden Sydney. Retrieved 27 June 2018.
"Adenochilus". Australian National Botanic Garden. Retrieved 27 June 2018.
Hooker, Joseph Dalton (1853). The botany of the Antarctic voyage of H.M. discovery ships Erebus and Terror. II. Flora Novae-Zelandiae. London: Lovell Reeve and Co. pp. 246–247. Retrieved 27 June 2018.
Brown, Roland Wilbur (1956). The Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press.
"Adenochilus gracilis". New Zealand Plant Conservation Network. Retrieved 27 June 2018.
"Adenochilus gracilis". New Zealand Native Orchid Group. Retrieved 27 June 2018.
Bernhardt, Peter J. "Adenochilus nortonii". Royal Botanic Garden Sydney. Retrieved 27 June 2018.