Agastache scrophulariifolia

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Cladus: Lamiids
Ordo: Lamiales

Familia: Lamiaceae
Subfamilia: Nepetoideae
Tribus: Mentheae
Subtribus: Nepetinae
Genus: Agastache
Species: Agastache scrophulariifolia
Name

Agastache scrophulariifolia (Willd.) Kuntze, 1891
Synonyms

Basionym
Hyssopus scrophulariifolius Willd., Sp. Pl., ed. 4, 2: 48 (1800).
Homotypic
Lophanthus scrophulariifolius (Willd.) Benth., Edwards's Bot. Reg. 15: t. 1282 (1829).
Vleckia scrophularifolia (Willd.) Raf., Fl. Tellur. 3: 89 (1837).
Heterotypic
Hyssopus catariifolius Benth., Labiat. Gen. Spec.: 468 (1834).
Vleckia cordifolia Raf., Autik. Bot.: 120 (1840).
Lophanthus scrophulariifolius var. mollis Fernald, Rhodora 1: 220 (1899).
Agastache scrophulariifolia var. mollis (Fernald) A.Heller, Muhlenbergia 1: 4 (1900).

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Northern America
Regional: Central USA
Connecticut, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Missouri, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Vermont, Wisconsin
Regional: Canada
Ontario

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references

Kuntze, O. 1891. Revisio generum plantarum vascularium omnium atque cellularium multarum secundum leges nomenclaturae internationales cum enumeratione plantarum exoticarum in itinere mundi collectarum. Pars II. Pp. 377–1011. Arthur Felix, Leipzig [etc.]. BHL Reference page. : 2:511. "scrophulariaefolia"

Additional references

Govaerts, R.H.A. 2003. World Checklist of Selected Plant Families Database in ACCESS: 1-216203. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. [unavailable for the public] Reference page.

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2022. Agastache scrophulariifolia in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2022 May 02. Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2022. Agastache scrophulariifolia. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2022. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2022 May 02. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2022. Agastache scrophulariifolia. Published online. Accessed: May 02 2022.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agastache scrophulariifolia in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 2022 May 02.

Vernacular names
العربية: غستاش غدبي الأوراق
English: purple giant hyssop

Agastache scrophulariifolia, also known as the purple giant hyssop, is a perennial plant that grows throughout the US and Northern Ontario, CN. Its name comes from the similarity of its leaves to plants of the genus Scrophularia.[1] It is a beneficial plant to pollinators and is noted for its medicinal properties, as many plants in the mint family are. It tends to grow in disturbed or open areas where it does not have to interact with non-native competitive plants.
Contents

1 Description
2 Distribution
3 Conservation status in the United States
4 Habitat and ecology
5 Usage
5.1 Medicinal
6 References

Description

Individuals of this species are perennial herbs that can grow up to six feet tall. They are late-flowering species in the mint family. Agastache scrophulariifolia tends to have several spiked inflorescence. Flowers of Agastache scrophulariifolia do not all bloom simultaneously and range from lavender to pink in color. The dark brown fruit they produce is a nutlet.[2]
Distribution

Agastache scrophulariifolia was once distributed throughout CT, DC, DE, GA, IA, IL, IN, KS, KY, MA, MD, MI, MN, MO, NC, NE, NH, NJ, NY, OH, PA, SC, SD, TN, VA, VT, WI, WV, and ON, Canada. However, its range is now severely reduced in many areas and in some cases extirpated completely. These declines are largely due to habitat loss, predation by deer, and competition for resources with non-native plants.[3]
Conservation status in the United States

It is listed as endangered in Connecticut[4] and Massachusetts, as threatened in Maryland and Vermont, and as a special concern in Kentucky and Tennessee.[5]
Habitat and ecology

Agastache scrophulariifolia tends to grow in riparian habitats, disturbed open areas, and meadows. The previously mentioned areas are ideal for Agastache scrophulariifolia because competition with other plants is reduced. As riparian habitats are altered or farmlands return to forest communities, Agastache scrophulariifolia suffers from habitat loss. It is a perennial plant that grows well in sandy loamy soils and requires sunlight for its seeds to germinate.[3]
Usage

Many people use this plant for its aromatic effects. Its leaves are edible.[6]
Medicinal

The Meskwaki use an infusion of the root as a diuretic, and also use a compound of the plant heads medicinally.[7]
References

Tucker, Arthur; Debaggio, Thomas. The Encyclopedia of Herbs. London: Timber Press.
Corrigan 2002, p. 2.
Corrigan 2002, p. i.
"Connecticut's Endangered, Threatened and Special Concern Species 2015". State of Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection Bureau of Natural Resources. Retrieved 3 February 2018.(Note: This list is newer than the one used by plants.usda.gov and is more up-to-date.)
"Plants Profile for Agastache scrophulariifolia (purple giant hyssop)". plants.usda.gov. Retrieved 3 February 2018.
Midwest Foraging: 115 Wild and Flavorful Edibles from Burdock to Wild Peach By Lisa M. Rose

Smith, Huron H. 1928 Ethnobotany of the Meskwaki Indians. Bulletin of the Public Museum of the City of Milwaukee 4:175-326 (p. 225)

Corrigan, Elizabeth E. (2002). "Agastache scrophulariifolia (Willd.) Kuntze Purple Giant Hyssop Conservation and Research Plan" (PDF). New England Wild Flower Society. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-08-13. Retrieved 2014-05-05.

Plants Profile for Agastache scrophulariifolia (Purple giant hyssop). Plants Profile for Agastache scrophulariifolia (Purple giant hyssop). Retrieved May 5, 2014, from http://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=AGSC

PURPLE GIANT HYSSOP Agastache scrophulariifolia (Willd.) Kuntze. Retrieved May 5, 2014, from https://plants.usda.gov/plantguide/pdf/pg_agsc.pdf