Archontophoenix cunninghamiana

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Monocots
Cladus: Commelinids
Ordo: Arecales

Familia: Arecaceae
Subfamilia: Arecoideae
Tribus: Areceae
Subtribus: Archontophoenicinae
Genus: Archontophoenix
Species: Archontophoenix cunninghamiana
Name

Archontophoenix cunninghamiana (H.Wendl.) H.Wendl. & Drude, 1875
Synonyms

Basionym
Ptychosperma cunninghamianum H.Wendl., Bot. Zeitung (Berlin) 16: 346 (1858).
Homotypic
Loroma cunninghamiana (H.Wendl.) O.F.Cook, J. Washington Acad. Sci. 5: 118 (1915).
Heterotypic
Seaforthia elegans Hook., Bot. Mag. 83: t. 4961 (1857), nom. illeg.
Jessenia amazonum Drude in C.F.P.von Martius & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Bras. 3(2): 474 (1882).
Loroma amethystina O.F.Cook, J. Washington Acad. Sci. 5: 118 (1915).

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Australasia
Regional:Australia
New South Wales; Queensland

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References

Wendland, H. & Drude, C.G.O. 1875. Linnaea; Ein Journal für die Botanik in ihrem ganzen Umfange. Berlin 39:214.

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2019. Archontophoenix cunninghamiana in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2019 Jun 05. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2019. Archontophoenix cunninghamiana. Published online. Accessed: Jun 05 2019.
The Plant List 2013. Archontophoenix cunninghamiana in The Plant List Version 1.1. Published online. Accessed: 2019 Jun 05.
Tropicos.org 2019. Archontophoenix cunninghamiana. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 05 Jun 2019.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Archontophoenix cunninghamiana in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 08-Apr-12.

Vernacular names
中文: 闊葉假檳榔

Archontophoenix cunninghamiana (Bangalow palm, king palm, Illawara palm, piccabben, piccabeen) is an Australian palm. It can grow over 20 m tall.[1] Its flower colour is violet and the red fruits are attractive to birds. It flowers in midsummer and has evergreen foliage.

The piccabeen palm grows in the wet subtropics on the sides of Mt Warning Volcano in northern NSW and over the border in Queensland's Lamington National Park, for example. It seeks a stable water supply so ravines and grottos are well populated. Its fronds do not create a nesting environment for insects or macrofauna like rodents, so are a tolerable tree for urban environments. They arrived in Australia from the landbridge created 45,000 years ago due to the receding ocean levels during the last glacial period, but the probable 'native' environment in prehistory was Indonesia.

It has become a noxious weed in many areas where it has been used as an ornamental plant. In southern Brazil, it has become an invasive species, profiting from the local extinction of the endangered native palm Euterpe edulis.[2] In New Zealand, A. cunninghamiana could invade native forests, since it has the same ecological requirements as the native nikau palm. The Auckland Regional Council has included A. cunninghamiana on a list of plants requiring further research on their potential to adversely affect the environment.[3]

In the United States, the palm is commonly cultivated in California from San Luis Obispo south to the Mexican border and in much of central and southern Florida.
References

Brooks, A. K. (1993). "Archontophoenix cunninghamiana – New South Wales Flora Online". PlantNET - The Plant Information Network System. 2.0. Sydney, Australia: The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust. Retrieved 9 March 2013.
Frisch & Frisch (2005), page 354, Christianini (2006)

ARC Research Programme

Christiani, Alexander V. - "Fecundity, dispersal, and predation of seeds of Archontophoenix cunninghamiana H. Wendl & Drude, an invasive palm in the Atlantic Forest". Revista Brasileira de Botânica, V.29, no.4, October/December 2006 Portuguese & English abstracts.

Frisch, J.D. & Frisch, C.D. - Aves Brasileiras e plantas que as atraem [Brazilian birds and plants which attract them]: 2005, São Paulo, Dalgas Ecotec, ISBN 85-85015-07-1