Canna paniculata

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Monocots
Cladus: Commelinids
Ordo: Zingiberales

Familia: Cannaceae
Genus: Canna
Species: Canna paniculata
Name

Canna paniculata Ruiz & Pav., 1798.
Synonyms

Heterotypic

Canna amambayensis Kraenzl., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 14: 297. 1916.
Canna brasiliensis Roscoe ex Spreng., Syst. Veg. 4(2): 5. 1827.
Canna confusa J.W.Richardson & L.B.Sm., in Fl. Ilustr. Catar. 1(Canac.): 8. 1972), no latin descr.
Canna denudata Roscoe, Monandr. Pl. Scitam.: t. 23. 1824.
Canna denudata var. grandis Petersen in C.F.P.von Martius & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Bras. 3(3): 75. 1890.
Canna denudata var. major Roscoe, Monandr. Pl. Scitam.: t. 24. 1824.
Canna excelsa Lodd., Bot. Cab. 8: t. 743. 1823.
Canna jacquinii Bouché, Linnaea 12: 148. 1838.
Canna kunzei (Bouché) Kraenzl. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr., IV, 47: 28. 1912.
Canna linkii Bouché, Linnaea 8: 166. 1833.
Canna meridensis Kraenzl. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr., IV, 47: 30. 1912.
Canna miniata Bouché, Linnaea 8: 165. 1833.
Canna neglecta Steud., Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2, 1: 274. 1840.
Canna ottonis (Bouché) Kraenzl. in H.G.A.Engler (ed.), Pflanzenr., IV, 47: 32. 1912.
Canna paniculata var. glabra Regel, Index Seminum (LE) 1866: 87. 1867.
Canna tubiflora Regel, Cat. Pl. Hort. Aksakov.: 27. 1860, nom. nud.
Distemon brasiliensis (Roscoe ex Spreng.) Bouché, Linnaea 18: 495. 1845.
Distemon grandis Horan., Prodr. Monogr. Scitam.: 14. 1862, nom. superfl.
Distemon jacquinii (Bouché) Bouché, Linnaea 18: 495. 1845.
Distemon kunzei Bouché, Linnaea 18: 495. 1845.
Distemon linkii (Bouché) Bouché, Linnaea 18: 495. 1845.
Distemon miniatus (Bouché) Bouché, Linnaea 18: 495. 1845.
Distemon ottonis Bouché, Linnaea 18: 494. 1845.
Distemon roscoeanus Bouché, Linnaea 18: 495. 1845, nom. superfl.

Homonyms

Canna neglecta Weinm., Flora 3: 607. 1820, nom. rej. = Canna tuerckheimii
Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Southern America
Argentina Northeast; Bolivia; Brazil Northeast; Brazil South; Brazil Southeast; Brazil West-Central; Colombia; Costa Rica; Ecuador; Mexico Gulf; Mexico Southwest; Paraguay; Peru; Venezuela

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References

Ruiz, H. & Pavon, J. 1798. Systema vegetabilium florae Peruvianae et Chilensis, characteres prodromi genericos differentiales, specierum omnium differentias, durationem, loca natalia, tempus florendi, nomina vernacula, vires et usus nonnullis illustrationibus interspersis complectens. Tomus primus. VI + 456 pp. Typis Gabrielis de Sancha, Madrid. BHL Reference page.

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2019. Canna paniculata in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2019 Aug. 10. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2019. Canna paniculata. Published online. Accessed: Aug. 10 2019.
Tropicos.org 2019. Canna paniculata. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 10 Aug. 2019.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Canna paniculata in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 07-Oct-06.

Vernacular names

Canna paniculata Ruiz & Pav. is a species of the Canna genus, belonging to the family Cannaceae. Native of southern Mexico, Costa Rica, and tropical South America, except for the Amazon Basin, at 200-2,000m (650-6,500 ft).

It is a perennial growing to 5 m (16 ft) tall. It is hardy to zone 10 and is frost tender. In the north latitudes it is in flower from August to October, and the seeds ripen in October. The flowers are hermaphrodite.

In addition to the above generally agreed synonyms, there is a major reference (1) to Canna 'Musaefolia', admitting that it was earlier called C. excelsa Lodd., but renamed in France by Monsieur Theodoré Anneé because of its resemblance to Musa.
Taxonomy

In the last three decades of the 20th century, Canna species have been categorised by two different taxonomists, Paulus Johannes Maria Maas from the Netherlands and Nobuyuki Tanaka from Japan, and they are in agreement that this is a distinct and separate species.

Canna paniculata grows to 5 m (16 ft) tall. Leaves green, sessile or shortly but distinctly petiolate, petiole with pulvinus, lower side, lower side of leaves mostly lanuginose. Inflorescence often branched. Flowers erect, red to yellow or scarlet, 6–10 cm (2½-4in) long, composed of 6 coloured parts of about equal length; petals not reflexed; staminode one.
References

Chaté, E. (1867). Le Canna, son histoire, son culture. Libraire Centrale d'Agriculture et de Jardinage.
Cooke, Ian, 2001. The Gardener's Guide to Growing cannas, Timber Press. ISBN 0-88192-513-6
Johnson's Gardeners Dictionary, 1856
Tanaka, N. 2001. Taxonomic revision of the family Cannaceae in the New World and Asia. Makinoa ser. 2, 1:34–43.