Cardiocrinum giganteum

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Monocots
Ordo: Liliales

Familia: Liliaceae
Subfamilia: Lilioideae
Genus: Cardiocrinum
Species: Cardiocrinum giganteum
Varietates: C. g. var. giganteum – C. g. var. yunnanense
Name

Cardiocrinum giganteum (Wall.) Makino, 1913
Synonyms

Basionym
Lilium giganteum Wall., Tent. Fl. Napal.: 21 (1826).
Homotypic
Lilium cordifolium subsp. giganteum (Wall.) Baker, Gard. Chron. 1871: 479 (1871).

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Asia-Temperate
Regional: Indian subcontinent
Assam, East Himalaya, Nepal, Tibet, West Himalaya
Regional: China
China North-Central, China South-Central, China Southeast
Continental: Asia-Tropical
Regional: Southeastern Asia
Myanmar

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references

Makino, T., 1913. Botanical Magazine (Tokyo). [Shokubutsu-gaku zasshi]. [Tokyo Botanical Society]. Tokyo 27:125.

Additional references

Singh, N.P. & Sanjappa, M. (eds.) (2006). Alliaceae, Liliaceae, Trilliaceae & Uvulariaceae. Fascicles of Flora of India 23: 1-134. Botanical Survey of India, New Delhi.

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2022. Cardiocrinum giganteum in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2022 July 22. Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2022. Cardiocrinum giganteum. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2022. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2022 July 22. Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2022. Cardiocrinum giganteum. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 22 July 2022.
International Plant Names Index. 2022. Cardiocrinum giganteum. Published online. Accessed: July 22 2022.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Cardiocrinum giganteum in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 08-Apr-12.

Vernacular names

Deutsch: Himalaja-Riesenlilie
中文: 大百合, 心叶百合, 大百合（兜铃）, 水百合
中文（简体）: 大百合

Cardiocrinum giganteum, the giant Himalayan lily, is the largest species of any of the lily plants, growing up to 3.5 metres high. It is found in the Himalayas, China and Myanmar (Burma).[2]

Varieties

Two varieties are recognized[2][3]

C. giganteum var. giganteum - up to 3 metres tall, the outer part of the flower greenish and the inside streaked with purple - Tibet, Bhutan, Assam, Myanmar, Nepal, Sikkim
C. giganteum var. yunnanense - 1–2 metres tall, the outer part of the flower white and the inside streaked with purplish red - Myanmar, Gansu, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan

Description

Cardiocrinum giganteum is a bulbous perennial. Flowers are white, fragrant, shaped like a trumpet, and 8 in (20 cm) long. Petals have purple streaking and a greenish tinge on the outside. Leaves are medium to dark green, broad-ovate in shape, and 12–15 in (30–38 cm) long. Giganteum means unusually large or tall.[4] It grows in woodland clearings.[5]
History of cultivation

The plant was first described scientifically in 1824 by Nathaniel Wallich.[6] The species was introduced into commercial production (as Lilium giganteum) in Britain in the 1850s. A bulb grown from seed collected by Major Madden flowered in Edinburgh in July 1852, while those collected by Thomas Lobb were first exhibited in flower in May 1853.[7]

References giganteum.

Cardiocrinum giganteum on Plants For A Future
Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
Xinqi Chen; Song-Yun Liang; Jie-mei Xu; David E. Boufford; Michael G. Gilbert; Rudolf V. Kamelin; Shoichi Kawano; Tetsuo Koyama; Elena V. Mordak; Junko Noguchi; Victor G. Soukup; Hiroshi Takahashi; Kamilla G. Tamanian; Minoru N. Tamura; Nicholas J. Turland. "Cardiocrinum giganteum". Flora of China.
"Cardiocrinum giganteum - Plant Finder". www.missouribotanicalgarden.org. Retrieved 2022-05-01.
"Cardiocrinum giganteum PFAF Plant Database". pfaf.org. Retrieved 2022-05-02.
Wallich, Nathaniel. 1824. Tentamen Florae Napalensis Illustratae 1: 21–23, pl. 12–13., as Lilium giganteum
James H. Veitch (1906). Hortus Veitchii. p. 448.
Henry John Elwes: A monograph of the genus Lilium; illustrated by W.H. Fitch. Taylor and Francis, London 1880