Colchicaceae

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Monocots
Ordo: Liliales

Familia: Colchicaceae
Tribus: Anguillarieae – Burchardieae – Colchiceae – Iphigenieae – Tripladenieae – Uvularieae
Genera: Androcymbium – Baeometra – Burchardia – Camptorrhiza – Colchicum – Disporum – Gloriosa – Hexacyrtis – Iphigenia – Kuntheria – Ornithoglossum – Sandersonia – Schelhammera – Tripladenia – Uvularia – Wurmbea

Name

Colchicaceae DC. Essai Propr. Méd. Pl. 56 (1804), nom. cons.

Type genus: Colchicum L. Sp. Pl. 1: 341 (1753).

Synonyms

Heterotypic
Bulbocodiaceae Salisb., Gen. Pl.: 52 (Apr-May 1866).
Burchardiaceae Takht., Bot. Zhurn. (Moscow & Leningrad) 81(2): 85 (May-Jun 1996).
Compsoaceae Horan.
Merenderaceae Mirb., Hist. Nat. Pl. 8: 211 (1804).
Uvulariaceae A.Gray ex Kunth, Enum. Pl. 4: 199 (17–19 Jul 1843).

References
Primary references

De Candolle, A.P. 1804. Essai sur les propriétés médicales des plantes: 56.

Additional references

Nordenstam, B. 1998. Colchicaceae. Pp. 175–185 in: Kubitzki, K. (ed.): The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. Volume 3: Flowering Plants. Monocotyledons. Lilianae (except Orchidaceae). Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg/New York, ISBN 3-540-64060-6.
Vinnersten, A. & Manning, J.C. 2007. A new classification of Colchicaceae. Taxon 56(1): 171–178. Wiley JSTOR Reference page.

Links

Emonocot.org 2013. Colchicaceae in The Orders and Families of Monocotyledons. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2013 Sept. 16.
Tropicos.org 2013. Colchicaceae. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2013 Sept. 16.
International Plant Names Index. 2013. Colchicaceae. Published online. Accessed: 16 Sept. 2013.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2011. Colchicaceae in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2011 11 23. Reference page.

Vernacular names
العربية: لحلاحية
asturianu: Colchicacees
azərbaycanca: Vaxtsızçiçəkkimilər
català: Colquicàcia
čeština: Ocúnovité
dansk: Tidløs-familien
Deutsch: Zeitlosengewächse
English: Colchicaceae
español: Colchicáceas
فارسی: گل‌حسرتیان
suomi: Myrkkyliljakasvit
français: Colchicacées
עברית: סתווניים
magyar: Kikericsfélék
日本語: イヌサフラン科
ქართული: ენძელა
한국어: 콜키쿰과
kurdî: Famîleya gihabêdeman
lietuvių: Vėlyviniai
македонски: Мразовци
Nederlands: Herfsttijloosfamilie
norsk: Tidløsfamilien
polski: Zimowitowate
português: Colchicaceae
русский: Безвременниковые
slovenčina: Jesienkovité
svenska: Tidlöseväxter
తెలుగు: కోల్చికేసి
ไทย: วงศ์ดองดึง
українська: Пізньоцвітові
Tiếng Việt: Họ Bả chó
中文: 秋水仙科

Colchicaceae is a family of flowering plants that includes 15 genera with a total of about 285 known species according to Christenhusz and Byng in 2016.[2]

Description

The family is characterized by the presence of colchicine.[3]
Taxonomy

The APG III system, of 2009 (unchanged from the APG systems, of 1998 and 2003), recognizes this family and places it in the order Liliales, in the clade monocots.[1] It is a group of herbaceous perennials with rhizomes or corms.

The Dahlgren system and the Thorne system (1992) also recognized this family, and placed it in order Liliales in superorder Lilianae in subclass Liliidae (monocotyledons) of class Magnoliopsida (angiosperms).
Genera

The following is an alphabetic list of genera usually included in this family :

Baeometra
Burchardia
Camptorrhiza
Colchicum (including Androcymbium, Bulbocodium and Merendera)
Disporum
Gloriosa (including Littonia)
Hexacyrtis
Iphigenia
Kuntheria
Ornithoglossum
Sandersonia
Schelhammera
Tripladenia
Uvularia
Wurmbea (including Neodregea and Onixotis)

The phylogenetic classification of Vinnersten & Manning circumscribes the family as follows:[4]

tribe Burchardieae
Burchardia R.Br.
tribe Uvularieae
Disporum Salisb. (excluding the North American species to the genus Prosartes D.Don, now in the family Liliaceae, Liliales)
Uvularia L.
tribe Tripladenieae
Kuntheria Conran & Clifford
Schelhammera R.Br.
Tripladenia D.Don
tribe Iphigenieae
Camptorrhiza E.Phillips
Iphigenia Kunth
tribe Anguillarieae
Baeometra Salisb.
Wurmbea Thunb. (including Neodregea C.H.Wright and Onixotis Raf.)
tribe Colchiceae
Colchicum L. (including Androcymbium Willd., Bulbocodium L. and Merendera Ramond)
Gloriosa L. (including Littonia Hook.)
Hexacyrtis Dinter
Ornithoglossum Salisb.
Sandersonia Hook.

The genus Petermannia F.Muell. is excluded from this family and placed in its own family Petermanniaceae, Liliales. The former controversy regarding the inclusion of Androcymbium in Colchicum has now been resolved in favor of the 2007 classification of Manning et al.[5] who included Androcymbium in Colchicum. This is supported by molecular phylogenetic studies with dense species sampling (i.e. 41 species previously placed in Androcymbium and 96 species of Colchicum) that showed that the type species of Androcymbium, A. melanthioides (Colchicum melanthioides), is more closely related to species of Colchicum than it is to many species traditionally placed in Androcymbium.[6][7]

Subsequently, Nguyen et al.(2013) proposed reclassifying the family on the basis of subfamilies:[8]

Subfamily Uvularioideae (distribution: Eastern Asia and North America)
Tribe Uvularieae (Disporum, Uvularia)
Subfamily Wurmbeoideae (distribution: Australia, Africa, Europe, central and tropical Asia)
Tribe Burchardieae (Burchardia)
Tribe Tripladenieae (Tripladenia, Schelhammera, Kuntheria)
Tribe Iphigenieae (Iphigenia, Camptorrhiza)
Tribe Angullarieae (Wurmbea, Onixotis, Neodregea, Baeometra)
Tribe Colchiceae (Gloriosa (including Littonia), Colchicum (including Merendera, Bulbocodium, and probably Androcymbium), Hexacyrtis, Ornithoglossum, Sandersonia

References

Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2009). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 161 (2): 105–121. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2017-05-25. Retrieved 2013-06-26.
Christenhusz, M. J. M.; Byng, J. W. (2016). "The number of known plants species in the world and its annual increase". Phytotaxa. Magnolia Press. 261 (3): 201–217. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.1.
Vinnersten & Larsson 2010.
Vinnersten & Manning 2007.
Manning, J.C.; Forest, F.; Vinnersten, A. (2007). "The genus Colchicum L. redefined to include "Androcymbium" Willd. based on molecular evidence". Taxon. 56 (3): 872–882. doi:10.2307/25065868. JSTOR 25065868.
Chacón, J.; Renner, S. S. (2014). "Assessing model sensitivity in ancestral area reconstruction using Lagrange: A case study using the Colchicaceae family". Journal of Biogeography. 41 (7): 1414–1427. doi:10.1111/jbi.12301.
Chacón, J.; Cusimano, N.; Renner, S. S. (2014). "The evolution of Colchicaceae, with a focus on chromosome numbers". Systematic Botany. 39 (2): 415–427. doi:10.1600/036364414X680852.

Nguyen et al 2013.

Bibliography

Nguyen, Thi P. A.; Kim, Jung Sung; Kim, Joo-Hwan (July 2013). "Molecular phylogenetic relationships and implications for the circumscription of Colchicaceae (Liliales)". Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 172 (3): 255–269. doi:10.1111/boj.12037.
Vinnersten, A.; Reeves, G. (1 October 2003). "Phylogenetic relationships within Colchicaceae". American Journal of Botany. 90 (10): 1455–1462. doi:10.3732/ajb.90.10.1455. PMID 21659097.
Vinnersten, Annika; Manning, John (2007). "A New Classification of Colchicaceae". Taxon. 56 (1): 171–178. doi:10.2307/25065748. ISSN 0040-0262. JSTOR 25065748.
Vinnersten, Annika; Larsson, Sonny (December 2010). "Colchicine is still a chemical marker for the expanded Colchicaceae". Biochemical Systematics and Ecology. 38 (6): 1193–1198. doi:10.1016/j.bse.2010.12.004.