Dittrichia Viscosa

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Cladus: Campanulids
Ordo: Asterales

Familia: Asteraceae
Subfamilia: Asteroideae
Tribus: Inuleae
Subtribus: Inulinae
Genus: Dittrichia
Species: Dittrichia viscosa
Subspecies: D. v. subsp. angustifolia – D. v. subsp. maritima – D. v. subsp. revoluta – D. v. subsp. viscosa
Name

Dittrichia viscosa (L.) Greuter, Exsicc. Genav. Conserv. Bot. Distrib. Fasc. 4: 71. 1973.
Synonyms

Basionym
Erigeron viscosus L., Sp. Pl. 2: 863. 1753.
Homotypic
Conyza viscosa (L.) hort. ex Steud., Nomencl. Bot., ed. 2. 1: 415. 1840.
Cupularia viscosa (L.) Godr. & Gren., Fl. France 2: 181. 1850.
Helenium viscosum (L.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 1: 342. 5 Nov 1891.
Inula viscosa (L.) Dryand. in Aiton, Hort. Kew. 3: 223. 1789.
Jacobaea viscosa (L.) Merino, Fl. Galicia 2: 336. 1906, non (L.) Gilib. 1782
Paniopsis viscosum (L.) Raf., Fl. Tellur. 2: 49. 1836 publ. Jan–Mar 1837, nom. inval.
Pulicaria viscosa (L.) W.D.J.Koch, Syn. Fl. Germ. Helv. 1(2): 361. 1837.
Solidago viscosa (L.) Lam., Fl. Franç. 2: 144. 1778 publ. after 21 Mar 1779.

References

International Plant Names Index. 2018. Dittrichia viscosa. Published online. Accessed: Feb. 16 2018.
The Plant List 2013. Dittrichia viscosa in The Plant List Version 1.1. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2018 Feb. 16.
Tropicos.org 2018. Dittrichia viscosa. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2018 Feb. 16.
Hassler, M. 2018. Dittrichia viscosa. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2018. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2018 Feb. 16. Reference page.
Euro+Med 2006 onwards: Dittrichia viscosa in Euro+Med PlantBase – the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2018 June 25.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Dittrichia viscosa in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 07-Oct-06.

Vernacular names
català: Olivarda
Deutsch: Großer Klebriger Alant
English: Woody Fleabane
español: mosquera, mosquerilla borde, olivarda

Dittrichia viscosa, also known as false yellowhead,[2] woody fleabane,[3] sticky fleabane and yellow fleabane, is a flowering plant in the daisy family.

Dittrichia viscosa is a highly branching perennial common throughout the Mediterranean Basin. It has long, narrow leaves that are pointed at both ends and have teeth along the edges and glandular hairs on the surfaces. One plant can produce many yellow flower heads each with as many as 16 ray florets and 44 disc florets.[4]

Originally, the species was found mainly in dry riverbeds and abandoned fields up to a 1500 m (5000 feet) elevation. Nowadays it is quite common in roadsides and ruderal habitats, even in urban areas. It is considered an invasive species in Australia.[5] The false yellowhead is a tough plant, very resistant to adverse conditions and degraded environments. It is important as food for the caterpillars of certain butterflies and moths, like Iolana iolas.

Despite the fresh-looking green color of its leaves and its attractive inflorescence,[6] this plant is sticky and has a certain smell that most people find unpleasant. It contains an essential oil[7] and has been used in traditional medicine since ancient times, especially in the Levant, as an astringent.[8] A yellow dye substance has, since ancient times, been produced from its roots.[9]

It is an important plant in Catalan tradition, often mentioned in adages and proverbs. One adage says that: "No vos 'nemoreu, amor,de cap fadrina gallarda que és com la flor d'olivarda molt guapa, i dolenta d'olor." [My dear one, don't fall in love with any woman who only has good looks, she is like a false yellowhead flower: beautiful, but full of stench.]

Subspecies[1]

Dittrichia viscosa subsp. angustifolia (Bég.) Greuter
Dittrichia viscosa subsp. maritima (Brullo & De Marco) Greuter
Dittrichia viscosa subsp. revoluta (Hoffmanns. & Link) P.Silva & Tutin
Dittrichia viscosa subsp. viscosa

References

The Plant List, Dittrichia viscosa (L.) Greuter
"Dittrichia viscosa". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. Retrieved 18 January 2016.
BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
Malta Wild Plants, false yellowhead, Dittrichia viscosa includes photos, description, etymology, and other information
Weeds Australia, False yellowhead (Dittrichia viscosa) weed management guide (in English)
Institució Catalana d'Història Natural, Flora del Bages - Olivarda in Catalan with photos
Ses Sitges, Sant Llorenç des Cardassar, Plantes aromàtiques Archived January 7, 2010, at the Wayback Machine in Italian, with photos and descriptions of several aromatic herbs
Avisco Ltd., Traditional medicine uses of Inula viscosa
Ḳrispil, Nissim (1985). A Bag of Plants (The Useful Plants of Israel) (in Hebrew). 3 (Ṭ.-M.). Jerusalem: Cana Publishing House Ltd. pp. 359–363. ISBN 965-264-011-5. OCLC 959573975., s.v. Inula viscosa; syn. Dittrichia viscosa)