Eulophia andamanensis

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Monocots
Ordo: Asparagales

Familia: Orchidaceae
Subfamilia: Epidendroideae
Tribus: Cymbidieae
Subtribus: Eulophiinae
Genus: Eulophia
Species: Eulophia andamanensis
Name

Eulophia andamanensis Rchb.f., Flora 55: 276 (1872)
Synonyms

Homotypic
Graphorkis andamanensis (Rchb.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 662 (1891)
Cyrtopera andamanensis (Rchb.f.) Rolfe, Gard. Chron., III, 18: 581 (1895)
Heterotypic
Eulophia keithii Ridl., J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 32: 333 (1896)
Eulophia poilanei Gagnep., Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat., II, 3: 683 (1931)

Distribution
Native distribution areas:
References
Primary references

Reichenbach, H.G. 1872. Flora, oder (Allgemeine) Botanischer Zeitung. Regensberg, Jena 55:276.

Links

Global Biodiversity Information Facility. 2022. GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset. Taxon: Eulophia andamanensis. Accessed: 2022 Jan 6.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2022. Eulophia andamanensis in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2022 Jan 6. Reference page.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2022. Eulophia andamanensis in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2022 Jan 6. Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2022. Eulophia andamanensis. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2022. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2022 Jan 6. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2022. Eulophia andamanensis. Published online. Accessed: 6 Jan 2022.
Tropicos.org 2022. Eulophia andamanensis. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 6 Jan 2022.

Vernacular names

Eulophia andamanensis is an orchid found to occur among the Andaman and Nicobar group of Islands (off the east coast of India and also in the north-western tip of Langkawi island in Malaysia.The occurrence of this ground orchid in Andaman Islands is restricted to some isolated pockets of certain islands and rare. Living collections of this taxon from the Andaman Islands is under ex situ conservation outside the islands at the Field Gene Bank of Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Trivandrum, India. It is a pre-tsunami accession.

The genus Eulophia belongs to the subfamily Epidendroideae, tribe Cymbidieae, and subtribe Eulophiinae. Eulophia andamanensis is found growing wild in the Little Andaman Islands, where the temperature ranges between 23 and 30 °C and the annual average rainfall is 3473 mm. Tropical evergreen forest floors of Andamans is the habitat of this orchid, and it is scarcely distributed.

The growth habit is sympodial. The stem at the base is bulbous, with thick roots. The leaves are short during flowering, linear lanceolate. The bracts are shorter than the pedicel, the sepals 2 cm long, the lip shorter than the sepals. The sepals are linear lanceolate, 3–5 nerved, acuminate; both the sepals and petals are pale green in colour, the lip green at the base and white at the centre with maroon horizontal striations. The flowering period is from November to March, with the florets borne on long spikes (0.6–1.3 m long), and last for about 50 days.
References

"'". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 10 February 2016.