Euphorbia falcata

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Rosids
Cladus: Eurosids I
Ordo: Malpighiales

Familia: Euphorbiaceae
Subfamilia: Euphorbioideae
Tribus: Euphorbieae
Subtribus: Euphorbiinae
Genus: Euphorbia
Subgenus: E. subg. Esula
Sectio: E. sect. Pithyusa
Species: Euphorbia falcata
Subspecies: E. f. subsp. falcata – E. f. subsp. macrostegia
Varietates: E. f. var. galilaea
Name

Euphorbia falcata L., Sp. Pl. 1: 456. 1753, nom. cons. & typ. cons.

Conserved type: Arduino in Herb. Linnaeus No. 630.26 (LINN, right-hand plant) designated by Julian Molero Briones in Taxon 42(3): 716. 1993.

Synonyms

Homotypic
Esula falcata (L.) Haw., Syn. Pl. Succ.: 159 (1812).
Keraselma falcatum (L.) Raf., Fl. Tellur. 4: 116 (1838).
Tithymalus falcatus (L.) Klotzsch & Garcke, Fl. N. Mitt.-Deutschland, ed. 4: 292 (1858).
Euphorbia falcata var. genuina Maire, Spicil. Rif.: 35 (1927), nom. inval.
Galarhoeus falcatus (L.) Prokh., Trudy Kuibyshevsk. Bot. Sada 1: 35 (1941).

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Europe
Regional: Northern Europe
Great Britain (introduced).
Regional: Middle Europe
Austria, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands (introduced), Poland, Switzerland.
Regional: Southwestern Europe
Baleares, Corse, France, Portugal, Spain.
Regional: Southeastern Europe
Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Kriti, Romania, Turkey-in-Europe, Yugoslavia.
Regional: Eastern Europe
Baltic States, North European Russia.
Continental: Africa
Regional: Northern Africa
Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia.
Continental: Asia-Temperate
Regional: Siberia
Altay.
Regional: Russian Far East
Primorye.
Regional: Middle Asia
Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan, Turkmenistan, Tadzhikistan, Uzbekistan.
Regional: Caucasus
Transcaucasus.
Regional: Western Asia
Afghanistan, Cyprus, East Aegean Islands, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon-Syria, Palestine, Turkey.
Regional: Arabian Peninsula
Gulf States, Oman, Saudi Arabia.
Regional: China
Xinjiang
Regional: Mongolia
Mongolia.
Continental: Asia-Tropical
Regional: Indian Subcontinent
Pakistan, West Himalaya.
Continental: Northern America (all introduced)
Regional: Northeastern U.S.A.
Ohio, Pennsylvania, West Virginia.
Regional: Southeastern U.S.A.
Kentucky, Maryland, Tennessee, Virginia.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references

Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus I: 456. Reference page.

Additional references

Molero, J.. 1993. (1073) Proposal to conserve Euphorbia falcata L. (Euphorbiaceae) with a conserved type. Taxon 42(3): 715–717. JSTOR Reference page.
Brummitt, R.K. 1995. Report of the Committee for Spermatophyta. 43. Taxon 44(4): 607–612. JSTOR Reference page. (!410)
McNeill, J. & al. 2006. Appendix IV in: International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (Vienna Code). International Association for Plant Taxonomy. Electronic version of the original English text, published on internet. Accessed 2015 May 15.

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Euphorbia falcata in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2020 Jun 27. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2020. Euphorbia falcata. Published online. Accessed: Jun 27 2020.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Euphorbia falcata in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2020 Jun 27. Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2020. Euphorbia falcata. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 27 Jun 2020.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Euphorbia falcata in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 08-Apr-12.

Vernacular names
Deutsch: Sichelblättrige Wolfsmilch
English: Sickle spurge
suomi: Sirppityräkki
Türkçe: Eğri sütleğen