Gentiana asclepiadea

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Cladus: Lamiids
Ordo: Gentianales

Familia: Gentianaceae
Tribus: Gentianeae
Subtribus: Gentianinae
Genus: Gentiana
Sectio: G. sect. Asclepiadeae
Species: Gentiana asclepiadea
Name

Gentiana asclepiadea L., Sp. pl. 1:227. 1753.
Synonyms

Homotypic
Coilantha asclepiadea (L.) G.Don, Gen. Hist. 4: 186. 1837.
Dasistepha asclepiadea (L.) Raf., Fl. Tellur. 3: 19. 1837.
Dasystephana asclepiadea (L.) Borkh., Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1: (1) 26. 1796.
Dasystephana asclepiadea (L.) Delarbre, Fl. Auvergne, éd. 2: 25. 1800, comb. superfl.
Gentianusa asclepiadea (L.) Pohl, Tent. Fl. Bohem. 1: 250. 1809.
Pneumonanthe asclepiadea (L.) F.W.Schmidt, Arch. Bot. (Leipzig) 1(1): 10. 1796.
Heterotypic
Dasystephana schistocalyx (K.Koch) J.Sojak, Čas. Nár. Muz. Praze, Rada Přír. 148(3-4): 200. 1979, publ. 1980.
Gentiana asclepiadea β schistocalyx K.Koch, Linnaea 17: 282. 1843 [1].
Gentiana asclepiadea f. albiflora Murray ex Hegi, Ill. Fl. Mitt.-Eur. 5(3): 1999. 1927.
Gentiana asclepiadea f. cruciata Wartm. & Schlatter, Ber. St. Gall. Nat. Ges. 266. 1882.
Gentiana asclepiadea f. pectinata Wartm. & Schlatter, Ber. St. Gall. Nat. Ges. 266. 1882.
Gentiana asclepiadea f. ramosa Züscher, in ?
Gentiana asclepiadea subsp. schistocalyx (K.Koch) Zakharova, Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol. 95(1): 97. 1990.
Gentiana asclepiadea var. macrocalyx Sommier & Levier, Trudy Imp. S.-Peterburgsk. Bot. Sada 16: 341. 1900.
Gentiana asclepiadea var. schistocalyx (K.Koch) Grossh., Fl. Kavkaza 3: 229. 1932.
Gentiana ramiflora E.Szabo, Oesterr. Bot. Z. 44: 474. 1894.
Gentiana schistocalyx (K.Koch) K.Koch, Linnaea 23: 585. 1850 [2].
Pneumonanthe plicata F.W.Schmidt in Roem., Arch. Bot. (Leipzig), 1(1): 9. 1796.

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Europe
Regional: Southeastern Europe
Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Romania, Turkey-in-Europe, Ukraine, Yugoslavia
Regional: Southwestern Europe
Corse, France
Regional: Central Europe
Austria, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Hungary, Poland
Continental: Asia
Regional: Southwestern Europe
Iran, North Caucasus, Switzerland, Transcaucasus, Turkey
Introduced into:
Great Britain, Northwest European Russia

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references

Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum 1: 227.

Additional references

Davis, P.H. (ed.) (1978). Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands 6: 1-825. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh.
Govaerts, R.H.A. 2003. World Checklist of Selected Plant Families Database in ACCESS: 1-216203. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. [unavailable for the public] Reference page.

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2021. Gentiana asclepiadea in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2021 Jul 16. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2021. Gentiana asclepiadea. Published online. Accessed: Jul 16 2021.
Tropicos.org 2021. Gentiana asclepiadea. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2021 Jul 16.
Hassler, M. 2021. Gentiana asclepiadea. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2021. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2021 Jul 16. Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2021. World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. . Gentiana asclepiadea. Accessed: 16 Jul 2021.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Gentiana asclepiadea in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 07-Oct-06.

Vernacular names
čeština: hořec tolitovitý
Cymraeg: Crwynllys dail helyg
dansk: Svalerod-Ensian
Deutsch: Schwalbenwurz-Enzian, Hirschbrunft-Enzian, Herbst-Enzian, Geißleiter, Blaue Kreuzwurz
English: Willow Gentian
Esperanto: Genciano asklepiada
suomi: Metsäkatkero
français: Gentiane Asclépiade, Gentiane Asclepiade
hrvatski: Asklepijeva sirištara
hornjoserbsce: Dajiwy hórkowc
magyar: Fecsketárnics
Nederlands: Zijdeplantgentiaan
occitan: Genciana Asclepiada
polski: Goryczka trojeściowa, Goryczka trojeściowata, Goryczka tojeściowa
srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски: Šumska sirištara, Encijan, Gencijana
slovenčina: horec luskáčovitý
slovenščina: Svečnik ali svilničasti svišč
српски / srpski: Шумска сириштара
svenska: Knippgentiana
Türkçe: Mavi centiyan
українська: Тирлич ваточниковидний

Gentiana asclepiadea, the willow gentian, is a species of flowering plant of the genus Gentiana in the family Gentianaceae, native to central and eastern Europe from primarily mountain (montane) woodland though it does occur in less wooded open pasture in some areas, perhaps persisting after woodland clearance.

One of the larger species within the genus, it produces pairs of leaves, sometimes whorled in threes or fours around particularly vigorous shoots on stems that generally arch elegantly outward from the base of the plant between 60–90 cm (2.0–3.0 ft) in length. Trumpet-shaped, deep blue flowers occur in late summer into autumn.

Like many members of the genus and indeed the family Gentianaceae, the roots have a close association with certain fungi in a similar way to the Orchidaceae and Ericaceae though of course completely unrelated to both of these families. This particular species is relatively easy to grow in most garden situations as long as it has plenty of organic material added to the soil.

Gentiana asclepiadea likes moist, rich, well-drained soil in full sun or partial shade. The plant can be divided after flowering, however it seldom needs this. Propagate by seed sown as soon as the seed is ripe into a cold frame. If sowing the seed indoors then cold treatment is needed.

This plant is susceptible to spider mites, slugs, snails and aphids.

Gentiana asclepiadea has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[1][2]
References

"RHS Plant Selector - Gentiana asclepiadea". Retrieved 5 July 2020.
"AGM Plants - Ornamental" (PDF). Royal Horticultural Society. July 2017. p. 42. Retrieved 27 February 2018.