Haemanthus albiflos

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Monocots
Ordo: Asparagales

Familia: Amaryllidaceae
Subfamilia: Amaryllidoideae
Tribus: Haemantheae
Genus: Haemanthus
Species: Haemanthus albiflos
Name

Haemanthus albiflos Jacq. (1797)
Synonyms

Homotypic
Haemanthus virescens var. albiflos (Jacq.) Herb., Amaryllidaceae: 235. 1837, nom. illeg.
Heterotypic
Diacles ciliaris Salisb., Gen. Pl.: 130. 1866, nom. inval.
Diacles pubescens (Herb.) Salisb., Gen. Pl.: 130. 1866, nom. inval.
Haemanthus albiflos var. brachyphyllus Baker in W.H.Harvey & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Cap. 6: 235. 1896.
Haemanthus albiflos var. burchellii Baker in W.H.Harvey & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Cap. 6: 235. 1896.
Haemanthus albiflos var. pubescens (Herb.) Baker in W.H.Harvey & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Cap. 3: 235. 1896.
Haemanthus albomaculatus Baker, Gard. Chron., n.s., 9: 202. 1878.
Haemanthus intermedius (Herb.) M.Roem., Fam. Nat. Syn. Monogr. 4: 36. 1847.
Haemanthus leucanthus Miq., J. Bot. Néerl. 1: 33. 1861.
Haemanthus pubescens (Herb.) Ker Gawl., Bot. Reg. 5: t. 382. 1819, nom. illeg.
Haemanthus virescens Herb., Amaryllidaceae: 235. 1837.
Haemanthus virescens var. intermedius Herb., Amaryllidaceae: 235. 1837.
Haemanthus virescens var. pubescens Herb., Amaryllidaceae: 235. 1837.

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Africa
Regional: Southern Africa
Cape Provinces; KwaZulu-Natal

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition

References

Jacquin, N.J.v. 1797. Pl. Hort. Schoenbr. 1: 31.

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2018. Haemanthus albiflos in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2018 Jul. 31. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2018. Haemanthus albiflos. Published online. Accessed: Jul. 31 2018.
Tropicos.org 2018. Haemanthus albiflos. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2018 Jul. 31.

Vernacular names
Afrikaans: Poeierkwas
Deutsch: Elefantenohr
English: April fool, Paintbrush
suomi: Valkotupsukki
日本語: マユハケオモト
polski: Krasnokwiat białokwiatowy
svenska: Elefanttunga

Haemanthus albiflos is a species of flowering plant in the family Amaryllidaceae, native to the coast and mountains of South Africa. It is sometimes given the English name paintbrush, not to be confused with Castilleja species which also have this name. It is an evergreen bulbous perennial geophyte, prized horticulturally for its unusual appearance and extreme tolerance of neglect. H. albiflos is the only Haemanthus species found in both winter and summer rainfall regions, and has a mainly coastal distribution from the southern Cape through the Eastern Cape to KwaZulu-Natal, showing a preference for cool, shady spots.

Etymology

The specific epithet albiflos means "white flower" in English.[2] As a pot plant it has been called "elephant's tongue" and "elephant ear" - for its leaves - or "shaving-brush (or paintbrush) plant" - for its flowers.
Description

The upper half of the bulb is usually exposed and bright green. Since it produces a pair of leaves once a year and is evergreen, the plant may have up to three pairs of leaves. The leaves are up to 40 cm (16 in) long, and may have a covering of short, soft hairs, and occasionally yellow spots on the upper surface. In late autumn and winter, brush-like umbels comprising multiple tiny white florets are borne on stout stems, followed by fleshy red oval fruits which have white seeds. The whole plant grows to 20–30 cm (8–12 in) tall by 15 cm (6 in) wide.[3][4]
Cultivation

H. albiflos is hardy down to about 1 °C (34 °F) but does not survive prolonged freezing temperatures.[5] This is a very successful indoor plant where it is too tender to be grown outdoors, and thrives on "healthy neglect". It prefers not to be in full sun, but is very tolerant of under-watering, and flowers better if restricted in a small pot.

This plant has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[5][6]
Propagation

It reproduces readily by adventitious buds or offsets, which may be removed when the flowering period is over. Offsets can be separated carefully from the parent plant to be grown on, preferably when they are fairly well developed, and ensuring that there is some root on them. Fruits are only occasionally produced indoors, presumably for lack of pollinating insects, but when one does produce a seed, this can be sown, and should grow, though it is a slower process. With very little care, this plant can be propagated for many years.
References

"The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species". Retrieved 18 February 2015.
Harrison, Lorraine (2012). RHS Latin for gardeners. United Kingdom: Mitchell Beazley. p. 224. ISBN 9781845337315.
RHS A-Z encyclopedia of garden plants. United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. 2008. p. 1136. ISBN 1405332964.
Jacquin, Nicolaus Joseph von. 1797. Plantarum Rariorum Horti Caesarei Schoenbrunnensis Descriptiones et Icones 1: 31.
"Haemanthus albiflos AGM". RHS Plant Finder. Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 17 July 2020.
"AGM Plants - Ornamental" (PDF). Royal Horticultural Society. July 2017. p. 45. Retrieved 3 March 2018.