Hyacinthoides hispanica

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Monocots
Ordo: Asparagales

Familia: Asparagaceae
Subfamilia: Scilloideae
Tribus: Hyacintheae
Subtribus: Hyacinthinae
Genus: Hyacinthoides
Species: Hyacinthoides hispanica
Name

Hyacinthoides hispanica (Mill.) Rothm., Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 53: 14 (1944).
Synonyms

Basionym
Scilla hispanica Mill., Gard. Dict. ed. 8: n.º 8 (1768).
Homotypic
Scilla campanulata Aiton, Hort. Kew. 1: 444 (1789), nom. superfl.
Agraphis campanulata (Aiton) Link, Handbuch 1: 166 (1829).
Endymion campanulatus (Aiton) Parl., Fl. Ital. 2: 478 (1857).
Hylomenes campanulata (Aiton) Salisb., Gen. Pl.: 26 (1866), nom. inval.
Endymion hispanicus (Mill.) Chouard, Bull. Soc. Bot. France 81: 623 (1934).
Scilla non-scripta subsp. hispanica (Mill.) Ietsw., Acta Bot. Neerl. 32: 478 (1983).
Hyacinthoides non-scripta subsp. hispanica (Mill.) Kerguélen, Coll. Patrim. Nat. 8: xiii (1993).
Heterotypic
Scilla hyacinthoides Jacq., Collectanea 1: 61 (1787), nom. illeg.
Scilla jacquinii J.F.Gmel., Syst. Nat. ed. 13[bis]: 552 (1791).
Epimenidion hyacinthoides (Jacq.) Raf., Fl. Tellur. 2: 13 (1837), nom. illeg.
Hyacinthus amethystinus Lam., Encycl. 3: 190 (1789), nom. illeg.
Hyacinthoides racemosa Medik., Ann. Bot. (Usteri) 2: 9 (1791).
Usteria disperma Medik., Ann. Bot. (Usteri) 2: 11 (1791).
Hyacinthus spicatus Moench, Methodus: 632 (1794).
Scilla macrogona Link, J. Bot. (Schrader) 1799(2): 319 (1800).
Hyacinthus patulus Desf., Tabl. École Bot.: 26 (1804).
Scilla patula (Desf.) DC. in J.B.A.M.de Lamarck & A.P.de Candolle, Fl. Franç., ed. 3, 3: 211 (1805).
Endymion patulus (Desf.) Dumort., Fl. Belg.: 140 (1827).
Agraphis patula (Desf.) Rchb., Fl. Germ. Excurs.: 106 (1830).
Lagocodes patula (Desf.) Raf., Fl. Tellur. 2: 25 (1837).
Scilla hispanica subsp. patula (Desf.) K.Richt., Pl. Eur. 1: 221 (1890).
Scilla hispanica var. patula (Desf.) Cout., Fl. Portugal, ed. 2: 161 (1939).
Hyacinthoides patula (Desf.) Rothm., Feddes Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 53: 15 (1944).
Endymion campanulatus var. albus Merino, Algunas Pl. Rar. de La Guardia (Pontevedra): 24 (1895).

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Europe
Regional: Northern Europe
Great Britain, Ireland (introduced)
Regional: Middle Europe
Austria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Netherlands (introduced)
Regional: Southwestern Europe
France (introduced), Portugal, Spain
Regional: Southeastern Europe
Italy, Yugoslavia (introduced)
Continental: Northern America
Regional: Western Canada
British Columbia (introduced)
Regional: Eastern Canada
Ontario (introduced)
Regional: Northwestern U.S.A.
Washington (introduced)
Regional: Northeastern U.S.A.
Connecticut, New York, Pennsylvania (introduced)
Regional: Southeastern U.S.A.
Delaware, North Carolina, Virginia (introduced)

Source(s) of checklist:

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references

Rothmaler, W. 1944. Nomina generica neglecta 1753–1763. Feddes Repertorium Specierum Novarum Regni Vegetabilis 53: 1–37. DOI: 10.1002/fedr.19440530102 Reference page.

Additional references

Speta, F. 1987. Über die verwandtschaftlichen Beziehungen von Brimeura Salisb.: ein Vergleich mit den Gattungen Oncostema Rafin., Hyacinthoides Medic. und Camassia Lindl. (Hyacinthaceae). Phyton (Horn) 26: 247–310. PDF Reference page.

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2019. Hyacinthoides hispanica in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2019 Jan. 31. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2019. Hyacinthoides hispanica. Published online. Accessed: Jan. 31 2019.
The Plant List 2013. Hyacinthoides hispanica in The Plant List Version 1.1. Published online. Accessed: 2019 Jan. 31.
Tropicos.org 2019. Hyacinthoides hispanica. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 31 Jan. 2019.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Hyacinthoides hispanica in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 07-Oct-06.

Vernacular names
Deutsch: Spanisches Hasenglöckchen
English: Spanish Bluebell
español: Jacinto de los bosques
فارسی: زنگوله آبی اسپانیایی
suomi: Espanjansinililja
français: Scille d'Espagne
Gaeilge: Coinnle corra Spáinneacha
hornjoserbsce: Zwónčkata česnička
русский: Гиацинтоидес испанский
svenska: Spansk klockhyacint

Hyacinthoides hispanica (syn. Endymion hispanicus or Scilla hispanica), the Spanish bluebell, is a spring-flowering bulbous perennial native to the Iberian Peninsula. It is one of around a dozen species in the genus Hyacinthoides, others including the common bluebell (Hyacinthoides non-scripta) in northwestern Europe, and the Italian bluebell (Hyacinthoides italica) further east in the Mediterranean region.[2]
Contents

1 Description
2 Distribution
3 References
4 External links

Description

It is distinguished from the common bluebell by its paler and larger blue flowers, which are less pendulous and not all drooping to one side like the common bluebell; plus a more erect flower stem (raceme), broader leaves, blue anthers (where the common bluebell has creamy-white ones) and little or no scent compared to the strong fragrant scent of the northern species. Like Hyacinthoides non-scripta, both pink- and white-flowered forms occur.
Distribution

Hyacinthoides hispanica is native to the western part of the Iberian Peninsula (except the extreme northwest) which includes Portugal and western Spain, but has naturalized and is cultivated in many other European countries, North America and Australia.[3]

The Spanish bluebell was introduced in the United Kingdom. Since then, it has hybridised frequently with the native common bluebell and the resulting hybrids are regarded as invasive. The resulting hybrid Hyacinthoides × massartiana and the Spanish bluebell both produce highly fertile seed but it is generally the hybrid that invades areas of the native common bluebell. This has caused the common bluebell to be viewed as a threatened species.

The Spanish bluebell is also cultivated as a garden plant, and several named cultivars exist with flowers in various shades of white, pink and blue.
References

"Hyacinthoides hispanica (Mill.) Rothm". Plants of the World Online. Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2017. Retrieved 11 December 2020.
World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, retrieved 2011-07-05, search for "Hyacinthoides"

"H. hispanica" (PDF). Flora Iberica. Retrieved 17 September 2021.

General

The-Tree.org: Bluebell (includes key to identification of hybrids)
Huxley, A. (1992). New RHS Dictionary of Gardening vol. 2: 604. Macmillan.