Lemna gibba

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Monocots
Ordo: Alismatales

Familia: Araceae
Subfamilia: Lemnoideae
Genus: Lemna
Species: Lemna gibba
Name

Lemna gibba L. Sp.Pl. 970. 1753
Synonyms

Homotypic
Lenticula gibba (L.) Moench, Methodus: 319 (1794).
Telmatophace gibba (L.) Schleid., Linnaea 13: 391 (1839).
Heterotypic
Lenticula gibbosa P.Renault, Fl. Orne: 40 (1803).
Lemna trichorrhiza Thuill. ex Schleid., Linnaea 13: 391 (1839).
Telmatophace arrhiza Schur, Verh. Mitth. Siebenbürg. Vereins Naturwiss. Hermannstadt 4: 70 (1853).
Telmatophace gibbosa (P.Renault) Montandon, Guide Bot. Sundgau: 308 (1868).
Lemna cordata Sessé & Moc., Pl. Nov. Hisp.: 159 (1890).
Telmatophace generalis E.H.L.Krause in J.Sturm, Deutschl. Fl. Abbild., ed. 2, 1: 184 (1906).
Lemna parodiana Giardelli, Notas Mus. La Plata, Bot. 2: 97 (1937).

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Asie
Afghanistan; Iran; Japan; Kazakhstan; Lebanon-Syria; Libya; North Caucasus; Pakistan; Palestine; Tadzhikistan; Transcaucasus; Uzbekistan
Continental: Europe
Albania; Austria; Baleares; Baltic States; Belarus; Belgium; Bulgaria; Central European Russia; Corse; Czechoslovakia; Denmark; East Aegean Is.; East European Russia; Finland; France; Germany; Great Britain; Greece; Ireland; Italy; Hungary; Kriti; Krym; Netherlands; North European Russia; Northwest European Russia; Norway; Poland; Portugal; Romania; Sardegna; Sicilia; South European Russia; Spain; Sweden; Switzerland; Turkey-in-Europe; Ukraine; Yugoslavia; Canary Is.
Continental: Africa
Algeria; Cape Provinces; Chad; Egypt; Eritrea; Ethiopia; Free State; Kenya; KwaZulu-Natal; Morocco; Northern Provinces; Tanzania; Tunisia; Western Sahara; ZareMadeira
Continental: America
Argentina Northeast; Argentina Northwest; Arizona; Bolivia; California; Chile Central; Colombia; Colorado; Ecuador; Florida; Haiti; Idaho; Illinois; Mexico Central; Mexico Northeast; Mexico Northwest; Mexico Southwest; Minnesota; Mississippi; Montana; Nebraska; Nevada; New Mexico; Oregon; Peru; Texas; Turkey; Uruguay; Utah; Venezuela; Washington; Wyoming

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References

Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus II: 970. Reference page.

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2018. Lemna gibba in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2018 Nov. 10. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2018. Lemna gibba. Published online. Accessed: Nov. 10 2018.
The Plant List 2013. Lemna gibba in The Plant List Version 1.1. Published online. Accessed: 2018 Nov. 10.
Tropicos.org 2018. Lemna gibba. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 10 Nov. 2018.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Lemna gibba in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 08-Apr-12.
FloraWeb

Vernacular names
العربية: لمنة محدبة
čeština: okřehek hrbatý
Cymraeg: Llinad crythog
Deutsch: Bucklige Wasserlinse, Buckelige Wasserlinse
English: gibbous duckwee, fat duckweed
español: Lemna gibba
eesti: Küürlemmel
فارسی: عدسک قوزدار
suomi: Kupulimaska
français: Lentille d’eau bossue
hornjoserbsce: Horbikata kačizna
日本語: イボウキクサ
Nederlands: Bultkroos
polski: Rzęsa garbata
русский: Ряска горбатая
slovenčina: žaburinka pľuzgierkatá
svenska: Kupandmat
українська: Ряска горбата

Lemna gibba, the gibbous duckweed,[1] swollen duckweed,[2] or fat duckweed,[3] is a species of Lemna (duckweed). It has a simple plant body, known as a thallus, which floats on the surface of the water and measures 3–5 mm (0.12–0.20 in) in diameter.[4] A single root hangs down into the water. Found in a wide range of still or slow-flowing water bodies, this common duckweed can also grow on mud or damp rocks.
Distribution

Distribution is in temperate areas in Europe, including Britain, to the Himalayas, Africa, South America, and North America. This duckweed is one of Britain's most common small water plants, which forms familiar green mats covering stagnant water bodies.[5] Widespread throughout Great Britain, but is absent from much of Scotland and Shetland. In Ireland, it is found mainly in the north and east.[6] Elsewhere, the species has a very wide global distribution, absent only from polar areas and the tropics.[7]

Distribution information for this species can be accessed via the Charms of Duckweed (worldwide) and National Biodiversity Network Gateway (Britain only).

This species spreads mainly through vegetative reproduction,[8] but flowers are occasionally produced in shallow water exposed to full sun. When covering the entire surface of a pond, it can make the water appear solid, and in parts of the north-west of England, children were scared away from such ponds by the myth of Jenny Green-teeth, a pond elf or monster whose presence was indicated by duckweed; she was said to lure children into ponds and drown them.[9]
References

Derived from the Latin, gibbus = hump, Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary
USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Lemna gibba". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 24 January 2016.
BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
Parnell, J. and Curtis, T. 2012. Webb's An Irish Flora. Cork University Press. ISBN 978-185918-4783
Mabey, R. (1996) Flora Britannica. Sinclair-Stevenson, London.
Hackney, P. (Ed)1992. Stewart & Corry's Flora of the North-east of Ireland. Institute of Irish Studies. The Queen's University of Belfast. ISBN 0 85389 446 9 (HB)
Clapham, A.R., Tutin, T.G. and Moore, D.M. (1987) Flora of the British Isles. 3rd Edition. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Preston, C.D., Pearman, D.A. and Dines, T.D. (2002) The New Atlas of the British and Irish Flora. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Grigson, G. (1996) The Englishman's Flora. Helicon, Oxford.