Phlomoides

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Monocots
Ordo: Asparagales

Familia: Orchidaceae
Subfamilia: Orchidoideae
Tribus: Cranichideae
Subtribus: Goodyerinae
Genus: Macodes
Species: Macodes petola
Name

Macodes petola (Blume) Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl.: 497 (1840)

Type species:

Synonyms

Basionym
Neottia petola Blume, Bijdr. Fl. Ned. Ind.: 407 (1825)
Homotypic
Spiranthes petola (Blume) Hassk., Cat. Hort. Bot. Bogor.: 47 (1844)
Anoectochilus petola (Blume) Hereman, Pocket Bot. Dict., new ed.: 600 (1868)
Heterotypic
Anoectochilus veitchianus Blume, Coll. Orchid.: 119 (1859)
Argyrorchis javanica Blume, Coll. Orchid.: 120 (1859)
Anoectochilus veitchii B.S.Williams, Orch.-Grow. Man., ed. 2: 50 (1862)
Haemaria argyroneura Miq., Choix Pl. Buitenzorg: t. 16, f. 1 (1864)
Macodes petola var. cuprea Rob., Gard. Chron. 1864: 221 (1864)
Macodes petola var. latifolia Rob., Gard. Chron. 1864: 221 (1864)
Macodes petola var. superba Rob., Gard. Chron. 1864: 221 (1864)
Macodes petola var. velutina Rob., Gard. Chron. 1864: 221 (1864)
Macodes veitchii Boxall in F.M.Blanco, Fl. Filip., ed. 3, 4(13A): 249 (1880)
Macodes xanthophyllus Boxall in F.M.Blanco, Fl. Filip., ed. 3, 4(13A): 249 (1880)
Macodes javanica (Blume) Hook.f., Bot. Mag. 115: t. 7037 (1889)
Macodes argyroneura (Miq.) Rolfe, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1896: 47 (1896)
Macodes robusta J.J.Sm., Bull. Jard. Bot. Buitenzorg, sér. 3, 3: 254 (1921)
Rhomboda confusa Ormerod, Orchadian 11: 331 (1995)

References

Lindley, J. 1840. The Genera and Species of Orchidaceous Plants 497.
Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.W. & Rasmussen, F.N. (eds.) 2003. Genera Orchidacearum Volume 3: Orchidoideae (Part two); page 119 ff., Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-850711-9
Govaerts, R. et al. 2014. Macodes petola in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2014 May 3. Reference page.
Emonocot.org 2014. Macodes petola in The Orders and Families of Monocotyledons. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2014 May 3.
Tropicos.org 2014. Macodes petola. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2014 May 3.
International Plant Names Index. 2014. Macodes petola. Published online. Accessed: 3. May 2014.
The Plant List 2013. Macodes petola in The Plant List Version 1.1. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2014 May 3.

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Asia-Temperate
Regional: Eastern Asia
Nansei-shoto.
Continental: Asia-Tropical
Regional: Indo-China
Thailand.
Regional: Malesia
Borneo, Jawa, Malaya, Philippines, Sumatera.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
Vernacular names

Macodes petola (previously Neottia petola [1]) is a species of jewel orchid endemic to South-East Asia including in Malaysia, New Guinea, Vanuatu, the Philippines and Sumatra.[2] Flowers from this species are small, with red-brown petals with a yellow edge and white lip and appear in the winter months. [2] Unlike the flower, the foliage on this plant is ornate and renders this plant of interest to botanical collectors. However, this plant is currently considered vulnerable (CITES status II) with restricted trade due to risk of over collection and use as a stimulant in Borneo traditional herbal medicine. [3][4][5] M. petola is found growing under varying conditions in the wild. The plant can be found growing at heights between 300-1600m above sea level typically in forest habitats with high humidity.
Representative specimen of Macodes petola with attractive dark green, striated foliage
Care and propagation

In cultivation, M. petola requires diffuse, indirect light and moderate to high humidity (>85%). Proper care conditions should mimic the plant’s natural habitat. Substrates suitable for the plant should be porous and well-draining and may include a mixture of leaf litter, sphagnum moss, coir and gravel. M. petola requires frequent watering and use of diluted fertilizer (1/4-1/8 dilution of typical orchid fertilizer).[6] M. petola can be propagated by asexual division; note that sterilized tools and media should be used to prevent infection with pathogenic fungi. Variants of this plant exhibit different patterns in vein coloration including var. petola with yellow veins, var. robusta which exhibits longitudinal veins only, and var. argenteoreticulata syn. var. javanica which exhibits white transverse connected with longitudinal veins.[4]

"International Plant Names Index". www.ipni.org. Retrieved 2020-03-09.
"Macodes petola (Jewel Orchid)". OrchidWeb. Retrieved 2020-03-09.
"Tropicos | Name - Neottia petola Blume". legacy.tropicos.org. Retrieved 2020-03-09.
"Culture of Macodes - Diamonds of the Jewel Orchids". raingreentropicals.com. Retrieved 2020-03-09.
"Macodes petola | CITES". cites.org. Retrieved 2020-03-09.
"Macodes petola » Here But Not". Here But Not. 2018-08-03. Retrieved 2020-03-09.