Martinella

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Cladus: Lamiids
Ordo: Lamiales

Familia: Bignoniaceae
Tribus: Bignonieae
Genus: Martinella
Species: M. insignis – M. iquitoensis - M. obovata

Name

Martinella Baill., Hist. Pl. 10: 30. (1888)

Type species: Martinella obovata (Kunth) Bureau & K.Schum. in C.F.P.von Martius & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Bras. 8(2): 161 (1896) Designated as synonym Bignonia martinii DC. Prodr. 9: 152. (1845)

Synonyms

Heterotypic
Stenosiphanthus A.Samp., Bol. Mus. Nac. Rio de Janeiro 12(3, 4): 88 (1936)

Distribution
Native distribution areas:
References

Baillon, H.E. (1888) Histoire des Plantes 10: 30–31. 1891[1888]. BHL
Govaerts, R. et al. 2015. Martinella in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2015 Mar. 26. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2015. Martinella. Published online. Accessed: Mar. 26 2015.
Steyermark, J.A.; Berry, P.E.; Yatskievych, K. & H., Bruce K. (eds.) (1997): 20. Martinella. In: Flora of the Venezuelan Guayana (Vol. 3 Araliaceae-Cactaceae). [1].
Tropicos.org 2015. Martinella. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2015 Mar. 26.
Zuntini, A.R.; Lohmann, L.G. 2014: Synopsis of Martinella Baill. (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae), with the description of a new species from the Atlantic Forest of Brazil. PhytoKeys 37: 15-24. DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.37.6940 Reference page.

Martinella is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Bignoniaceae.[1] It is a genus of Neotropical lianas within the tribe Bignonieae.[2]

Its native range is Mexico and Tropical America. It is found in the countries of Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Mexico, Panamá, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago and Venezuela.[1]

Description

They are lianas, which has terete (circular in cross-section) branchlets. It has 2-foliolate (pairs of leaflets) leaves, sometimes with a trifid (rarely simple) tendril. The flower is an axillary raceme. Which has a tubular-campanulate (bell) shaped calyx, it is bilabiate (two lipped), or irregularly 3- or 4-labiate. The corolla is magenta to wine-colored, tubular-campanulate shaped and above a narrowly tubular base. It is glabrous to inconspicuously lepidote (covered with small scales) outside. The anthers are glabrous (smooth), the thecae is straight, divaricate (wide spreading). The ovary is linear-cylindric shaped and sparsely lepidote or puberulous (covered with minute soft erect hairs). The ovules (seed pre-fertilization) are (2-)4-seriate (arranged in rows) in each locule (section).[3] It has long, linear flattened fruit capsules (or seed pods) that can be up to 130cm long.[4] The valves are parallel to septum, they are thin, smooth, with the midline inconspicuous. The seeds are thin, 2-winged, (the wings are membranous), brownish in colour and poorly demarcated from seed body.[3]

It has a chromosome count of 2n=40.[5]
Taxonomy

The genus name of Martinella honours Joseph Martin (d. 1826), an Age of Enlightenment gardener-botanist and plant collector who worked at the Jardin du Roi in Paris.[6] It was first described and published in Hist. Pl. Vol.10 on page 30 in 1888.[1] The genus is recognised by United States Department of Agriculture and the Agricultural Research Service on 9 February 2005, but they only list Martinella obovata (Kunth) Bureau & K. Schum..[7]
Known species

According to Kew,[1]

Martinella insignis A.H.Gentry ex Zuntini & L.G.Lohmann
Martinella iquitoensis A.Samp.
Martinella obovata (Kunth) Bureau & K.Schum.

Uses

A root extract from Martinella is useful in the treatment of conjunctivitis and possibly other conditions of the eye.[8]
References

"Martinella Baill. | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 23 October 2021.
Kataoka, Eric Y.; Lohmann, Lúcia G. (13 May 2021). "Taxonomic revision of Martinella Baill. (Bignonieae, Bignoniaceae)". PhytoKeys. 177: 77–116.
"MBG: Research: Projects: South America: Venezuelan Guayana". www.mobot.org. Retrieved 23 October 2021.
Alexander Krings, Richard R. Braham Guide to Tendrillate Climbers of Costa Rican Mountains (2008), p. 30, at Google Books
Joachim W. Kadereit (Editor) Flowering Plants · Dicotyledons: Lamiales (except Acanthaceae including ... (2012), p. 30, at Google Books
Burkhardt, Lotte (2018). Verzeichnis eponymischer Pflanzennamen – Erweiterte Edition [Index of Eponymic Plant Names – Extended Edition] (pdf) (in German). Berlin: Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum, Freie Universität Berlin. doi:10.3372/epolist2018. ISBN 978-3-946292-26-5. Retrieved 1 January 2021.
"Genus Martinella Baill". npgsweb.ars-grin.gov. Retrieved 23 October 2021.
Gentry, Alwyn H.; Cook, Kathleen (1984). "Martinella (Bignoniaceae): a widely used eye medicine if South America". Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 11 (3): 337–343. doi:10.1016/0378-8741(84)90079-5. PMID 6482483.