Salvia aegyptiaca

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Cladus: Lamiids
Ordo: Lamiales

Familia: Lamiaceae
Subfamilia: Nepetoideae
Tribus: Mentheae
Subtribus: Salviinae
Genus: Salvia
Subgenus: S. subg. Sclarea
Sectio: S. sect. Eremosphace
Species: Salvia aegyptiaca
Name

Salvia aegyptiaca L., Sp. Pl. 1: 23 (1753).

Typus: ‘Habitat in Aegypto’, Herb. Clifford 13, Salvia 17 (BM-000557609) (photo!), lectotype defined by Hedge in Notes Roy. Bot. Gard. Edinburgh 33(1): 89 (1974a).

Synonyms

Homotypic
Pleudia egyptiaca Raf., Fl. Tellur. 3: 94. [1836 publ (1837)], nom. inval.
Pleudia aegyptiaca (L.) M.Will, N.Schmalz & Class.-Bockh., Turkish J. Bot. 39(4): 701 (2015).
Heterotypic
Melissa perennis Forssk., Fl. Aegypt.-Arab.: 108 (1775).
Salvia arida Salisb., Prodr. Stirp. Chap. Allerton: 73 (1796).
Thymus hirtus Viv., Fl. Libyc. Spec.: 30 (1824), nom. illeg.
Thymus syrticus Spreng., Syst. Veg. 2: 697 (1825).
Salvia pumila Benth., Labiat. Gen. Spec.: 726 (1835).
Salvia aegyptiaca var. pumila (Benth.) Asch. & Schweinf. ex I.Löw, Sitzungsber. Kaiserl. Akad. Wiss., Phil. Hist. Cl. 161(3): 28 (1909).
Salvia aegyptiaca var. glandulosissima Bornm. & Kneuck., Allg. Bot. Z. Syst. 22: 4 (1916).
Salvia aegyptiaca f. colorata Maire, Bull. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N. 23: 205 (1932).
Salvia aegyptiaca var. intermedia E.Peter, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 39: 182 (1936).
Salvia gabrieli Rech.f., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 71: 538 (1941).
Salvia aegyptiaca f. albiflora Sauvage, Mém. Off. Nat. Anti-Acridien 2: 34 (1947).

Homonyms

Salvia aegyptiaca L., Mant. Pl. 1: 26 (1767), nom. illeg. = Salvia spinosa subsp. spinosa

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Asia-Temperate
Regional: Central Asia
Afghanistan, Pakistan.
Regional: Arabian Peninsula
Gulf States, Oman, Palestine, Saudi Arabia, Sinai.
Regional: Indian Subcontinent
India, West Himalaya.
Regional: Western Asia
Iran, Iraq, Western Sahara, Yemen.
Continental: Africa
Regional: Northern Africa
Algeria, Chad, Egypt, Libya, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Niger, Tunisia.
Regional: Eastern Africa
Eritrea, Somalia, Sudan.
Regional: Macaronesia
Canary Is., Cape Verde.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references

Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus I: 23. Reference page.

Additional references

Dobignard, A. & Chatelain, C. 2012. Index synonymique de la flore d'Afrique du Nord. Volume 4: Dicotyledoneae: Fabaceae – Nymphaeaceae. Conservatoire et jardin botaniques, Genève, ISBN 978-2-8277-0126-1, 431 pp. PDF Reference page.

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2022. Salvia aegyptiaca in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2022 May 07. Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2022. Salvia aegyptiaca. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2022. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2022 May 07. Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2022. Salvia aegyptiaca. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 07 May 2022.
International Plant Names Index. 2022. Salvia aegyptiaca. Published online. Accessed: May 07 2022.

Vernacular names
مصرى: قصعين مصرى
العربية: قصعين مصري
فارسی: مریم‌گلی مصری
suomi: Egyptinsalvia
پښتو: ملنگيان

Salvia aegyptiaca (Egyptian sage) is a herbaceous plant species of the family Lamiaceae.

Distribution

S. aegyptiaca is found in the Cape Verde Islands, Canary Islands, NW and N. Africa, Sudan, Ethiopia, Arabian peninsula, Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan, India.[1]
Morphology

It is herbaceous, with erect-ascending stems. The leaves are oblong to linear-elliptic, rugulose, serrated. This species has inflorescences of simple racemes, sometimes branched. Bracts are present. The corolla has a blue-violet color.[1]
Pharmacognosy

Salvia aegyptiaca has been studied due to its uses in folk medicine in the Old World to treat diarrhoea, gonorrhoea and haemorrhoids, plus it has been used as demulcent, antispasmodic, cicatrizant, antiseptic and stomachic. Its non-polar extracts have been tested as antimicrobial and these presented inhibitory activity against Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus.[2]

6-Methylcryptoacetalide, aegyptinones A and B, 6-methyl-epicryptoacetalide and 6-methylcryptotanshinone have been isolated from this species.[3]
Aegyptinones
References

Flora of Pakistan http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=5&taxon_id=250090589 Jan 29/2012
Sabri et al. J. Org. Chem. (1989),54,4097-4099
Yousuf et al. Phytochemistry (2002),51,361–365