Swartzia

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Rosids
Cladus: Eurosids I
Ordo: Fabales

Familia: Fabaceae
Subfamilia: Faboideae
Tribus: Swartzieae
Genus: Swartzia
Species:
Top · a · b · c · d · e · f · g · h · i · j · k · l · m · n · o · p · q · r · s · t · u · v · w · x · y · z
a

S. acreana – S. acutifolia – S. alagoensis – S. alatosericea – S. alternifoliolata – S. amabale – S. amazonica – S. amplifolia – S. amshoffiana – S. angustifoliola – S. anomala – S. apetala – S. apiculata – S. aptera – S. arborescens – S. arenophila – S. argentea – S. arumateuana – S. aureosericea – S. auriculata – S. aymardii
b

S. bahiensis – S. bannia – S. barnebyana – S. benthamiana – S. bombycina – S. brachyrhachis – S. buntingii
c

S. cabrerae – S. calva – S. canescens – S. capixabensis – S. cardiosperma – S. caribaea – S. caudata – S. colombiana – S. conferta – S. coriaceifolia – S. corrugata – S. costaricensis – S. costata – S. cowanii – S. cubensis – S. cupavenensis – S. curranii – S. cuspidata
d

S. davisii – S. decidua – S. dipetala – S. discocarpa – S. duckei
e

S. emarginata – S. eriocarpa – S. euxylophora
f

S. fanshawei – S. fimbriata – S. flaemingii – S. floribunda – S. foliolosa – S. fraterna – S. froesii
g

S. gigantea – S. glabrata – S. glazioviana – S. gracilis – S. grandifolia – S. guatemalensis – S. guianensis
h

S. haughtii – S. hilairiana – S. hostmannii – S. huallagae – S. humboldtiana
i

S. ingens – S. ingifolia – S. iniridensis – S. invenusta
j

S. jenmanii – S. jimenezii – S. jorori – S. juruana
k

S. kaieteurensis – S. katawa – S. klugii – S. krukovii – S. kuhlmannii
l

S. laevicarpa – S. lamellata – S. lanata – S. langsdorffii – S. latifolia – S. laurifolia – S. laxiflora – S. leblondii – S. leiocalycina – S. leiogyne – S. leptopetala – S. linharensis – S. littlei – S. longicarpa – S. longipedicellata – S. longistipitata – S. lucida
m

S. macrocarpa – S. macrophylla – S. macrosema – S. macrostachya – S. magdalenae – S. maguirei – S. manausensis – S. mangabalensis – S. maquenqueana – S. martii – S. mayana – S. mexicana – S. micrantha – S. microcarpa – S. monachiana – S. mucronifera – S. multijuga – S. mutisii – S. myrtifolia
n

S. nuda
n

S. oblanceolata – S. oblata – S. obscura – S. oedipus – S. oraria – S. oriximinaensis – S. oscarpintoana
p

S. pachyphylla – S. palustris – S. panacoco – S. parvifolia – S. parvipetala – S. pendula – S. pernitida – S. peruviana – S. phaneroptera – S. piarensis – S. pickelii – S. picramnioides – S. picta – S. pilulifera – S. pinheiroana – S. pinnata – S. pittieri – S. polita – S. polyphylla – S. prancei – S. prolata – S. psilonema
r

S. racemosa – S. radiale – S. ramiflora – S. recurva – S. rediviva – S. remigera – S. reticulata – S. revoluta – S. riedelii – S. robiniifolia – S. rondoniensis – S. roraimae – S. rosea – S. rugosa
s

S. santanderensis – S. schomburgkii – S. schultesii – S. schunkei – S. sericea – S. simplex – S. sprucei – S. steyermarkii – S. stipellata – S. submarginata – S. submontana – S. sumorum
t

S. tessmannii – S. thomasii – S. tillettii – S. tomentifera – S. trianae – S. trimorphica – S. trinitensis – S. triptera
u

S. ulei – S. vaupesiana – S. velutina – S. versicolor
w

S. wurdackii
x

S. xanthopetala
y

S. yasuniensis
x

S. zeledonensis
Source(s) of checklist:

Govaerts, R. et al. 2021. Swartzia in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2021 Jun 05. Reference page.

Name

Swartzia Schreb., 1791

Type species: Swartzia alata Willd.

Homonyms

Swartsia J.F.Gmel. = Solandra Sw.

Synonyms

Dithyria Benth., Hook. Journ. Bot. 2: (1840) 89
Fairchildia Britton & Rose, N. Am. Fl. 23: 348 (1930)
Gynanthistrophe Poit. ex DC., Prod. 2: 424 (1825)
Hoelzelia Neck., Elem. 3: 62 (1790)
Huertia Mutis
Possira Aubl., Pl. Gui. 2: 934, t. 355 (1775)
Possura Aubl. ex Steud.
Rittera Schreb., Gen. 364 (1789)
Riveria Kunth
Tounatea Aubl., Pl. Gui. 1: 549, t. 218 (1775)
Tunatea Kuntze

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: S. Mexico to Tropical America
Belize, Bolivia, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, El Salvador, French Guiana, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Leeward Is., Mexico Gulf, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, Venezuela, Windward Is.
Introduced into:
India, Jamaica

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references

Schreber, J.C.D.v. 1791. Genera Plantarum Eorumque Characteres Naturales Secundum Numerum, Figuram, Situm, & Proportionem Omnium Fructificationis Partium. Ed. 8 [a]. Vol. 2. Frankfurt am Main. online at Gallica Reference page. : 2: 518

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2021. Swartzia in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2021 Jun 05. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2021. Swartzia. Published online. Accessed: Jun 05 2021.
Tropicos.org 2021. Swartzia. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2021 Jun 05.
Hassler, M. 2021. Swartzia. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2021. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2021 Jun 05. Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2021. World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. . Swartzia. Accessed: 05 Jun 2021.

Vernacular names
čeština: Dvouřadka
русский: Сварция

Swartzia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. It was named in honor of Swedish botanist Olof Swartz and contains about 200 species. Swartzia is restricted in its geographical distribution to the New World Tropics, where it occurs primarily in lowland rainforests, but also in savannas, pre-montane forests, and tropical dry forests. While it can be found throughout the wet lowlands from Mexico and the Caribbean islands to southern Brazil and Bolivia, Swartzia is most abundant and species-rich in Amazonia, where 10–20 species may co-occur at a single site. The species of Swartzia are mostly trees, ranging from small understory treelets to large canopy emergents. Some species, especially in savannas, are mult-stemmed shrubs.

Fossil record

Many Swartzia fossils from the middle Eocene epoch are known from the United States. 5 fossil dehiscent seed pods and 50 fossil leaflets have been described from the Warman and Lawrence clay pits in Weakley and the Henry Counties, Tennessee. In addition 6 leaflets have been described from the New Lawrence and Miller clay pits in Henry County, Tennessee.[1]
List of species

More than 200 species have been described:[2][3]

Swartzia acreana R. S. Cowan
Swartzia acutifolia Vogel
Swartzia amazonica Moore
Swartzia amplifolia Harms
Swartzia amshoffiana R. S. Cowan
Swartzia angustifolia Schery
Swartzia anomala R. S. Cowan
Swartzia apetala Raddi
var. apetala Raddi
var. glabra (Vogel) R. S. Cowan
Swartzia apiculata R. S. Cowan
Swartzia aptera DC.
Swartzia arborescens (Aubl.) Pittier
Swartzia argentea Spruce ex Benth.
Swartzia auriculata Poepp.
Swartzia bahiensis R. S. Cowan
Swartzia bannia Sandwith
Swartzia benthamiana Miq.
Swartzia bombycina R. S. Cowan
Swartzia brachyrachis Harms
Swartzia buntingii R. S. Cowan
Swartzia cabrerae R. S. Cowan
Swartzia calva R. S. Cowan
Swartzia canescens Torke[4]
Swartzia cardiosperma Spruce ex Benth.
Swartzia caribaea Griseb.
Swartzia caudata R. S. Cowan
Swartzia colombiana (R. S. Cowan) Torke[5]
Swartzia conferta Spruce ex Benth.
Swartzia corrugata Benth.
Swartzia costata (Rusby) R. S. Cowan
Swartzia cowanii Steyerm.
Swartzia cubensis (Britton & P. Wilson) Standl.—katalox[6]
Swartzia cupavenensis R. S. Cowan
Swartzia curranii R. S. Cowan
Swartzia cuspidata Spruce ex Benth.
Swartzia davisii Sandwith
Swartzia dipetala Willd. ex Vogel
Swartzia discocarpa Ducke
Swartzia dolichopoda R. S. Cowan
Swartzia duckei Huber
Swartzia emarginata (Ducke) Torke[5]
Swartzia eriocarpa Benth.
Swartzia fanshawei R. S. Cowan
Swartzia fimbriata Ducke
Swartzia flaemingii Raddi
Swartzia floribunda Benth.
Swartzia foliolosa R. S. Cowan
Swartzia fraterna R. S. Cowan
Swartzia froesii R. S. Cowan
Swartzia gigantea R. S. Cowan
Swartzia glabrata (R. S. Cowan) Torke[5]
Swartzia glazioviana (Taub.) Glaz.
Swartzia grandifolia Bong. ex Benth.
Swartzia grazielana Rizzini
Swartzia guatemalensis (Donn. Sm.) Pittier
Swartzia guianensis (Aubl.) Urb.
Swartzia haughtii R. S. Cowan
Swartzia hostmannii Benth.
Swartzia ingaefolia Ducke
Swartzia iniridensis R. S. Cowan
Swartzia jenmanii Sandwith
Swartzia jimenezii R. S. Cowan
Swartzia jororii Harms
Swartzia kaieteurensis (R. S. Cowan) Torke[5]
Swartzia katawa R. S. Cowan
Swartzia klugii (R. S. Cowan) Torke[5]
Swartzia krukovii R. S. Cowan
Swartzia laevicarpa Amshoff
Swartzia lamellata Ducke
Swartzia langsdorffii Raddi
Swartzia latifolia Benth.
Swartzia laurifolia Benth.
Swartzia laxiflora Benth.
Swartzia leblondii R. S. Cowan
Swartzia leiocalycina Benth.
Swartzia leiogyne (Sandwith) Cowan
Swartzia leptopetala Benth.
Swartzia littlei R. S. Cowan
Swartzia longicarpa Amshoff
Swartzia longipedicellata Sandwith
Swartzia longistipitata Ducke
Swartzia lucida R. S. Cowan
Swartzia macrocarpa Benth.
Swartzia macrophylla Vogel
Swartzia macrosema Harms
Swartzia macrostachya Benth.
Swartzia magdalenae Britton & Killip
Swartzia maguirei R. S. Cowan
Swartzia manausensis Torke[4]
Swartzia mangabalensis R. S. Cowan
Swartzia martii Benth.
Swartzia mayana Lundell
Swartzia micrantha R. S. Cowan
Swartzia microcarpa Benth.
Swartzia monachiana R. S. Cowan
Swartzia mucronifera R. S. Cowan
Swartzia multijuga Vogel
Swartzia myrtifolia Sm.
var. elegans (Schott) R. S. Cowan
var. myrtifolia Sm.
Swartzia nuda Schery
Swartzia oblanceolata Sandwith
Swartzia oblata R. S. Cowan
Swartzia oblonga Benth.
Swartzia obscura Huber
Swartzia oraria R. S. Cowan
Swartzia oriximinaensis R. S. Cowan
Swartzia pachyphylla Harms
Swartzia panacoco (Aubl.) R. S. Cowan
Swartzia parvifolia Schery
Swartzia pendula Benth.
Swartzia pernitida R. S. Cowan
Swartzia peruviana (R. S. Cowan) Torke[5]
Swartzia phaneroptera Standl.
Swartzia piarensis R. S. Cowan
Swartzia pickelii Ducke
Swartzia picta Benth.
Swartzia pilulifera Benth.
Swartzia pinheiroana R. S. Cowan
Swartzia pinnata (Vahl) Willd.
Swartzia pittieri Schery
Swartzia polita (R. S. Cowan) Torke[5]
Swartzia polyphylla DC.
Swartzia prolata R. S. Cowan
Swartzia racemosa Benth.
Swartzia ramiflora Torke[4]
Swartzia recurva Poepp.
Swartzia rediviva R. S. Cowan
Swartzia remiger Amshoff
Swartzia reticulata Ducke
Swartzia riedelii R. S. Cowan
Swartzia robiniifolia Vogel
Swartzia roraimae Sandwith
Swartzia rosea Martius ex Bentham[5]
Swartzia santanderensis R. S. Cowan
Swartzia schomburgkii Benth.
var. rigida R. S. Cowan
var. schomburgkii Benth.
Swartzia schultesii R. S. Cowan
Swartzia schunkei R. S. Cowan
Swartzia sericea Vogel
Swartzia simplex (Sw.) Spreng.
var. grandiflora (Raddi) Cowan
var. ochnaceae (DC.) R. S. Cowan
var. simplex (Sw.) Spreng.
Swartzia sprucei Benth.
Swartzia steyermarkii R. S. Cowan
Swartzia sumorum A.R. Molina
Swartzia tessmannii Harms
Swartzia tillettii R. S. Cowan
Swartzia tomentifera (Ducke) Ducke
Swartzia trianae Benth.
Swartzia trinitensis Urb.
Swartzia ulei Harms
Swartzia vaupesiana R. S. Cowan
Swartzia velutina Benth.
Swartzia wurdackii R. S. Cowan
Swartzia xanthopetala Sandwith

Recent phylogenetic analyses have revealed several well-supported clades within Swartzia that roughly correspond to previously-erected sections and series in the genus.[7]
Nomina dubia

The following species may or may not be valid:[8]

Swartzia alato-sericea Barneby
Swartzia alternifoliolata Mansano
Swartzia arenarium Ducke
Swartzia aymardii Barneby
Swartzia barnebyana Cuello
Swartzia burchellii Mansano, G.P.Lewis & A.M.G.Azevedo
Swartzia callistemon Spruce ex Benth.
Swartzia capixabensis Mansano
Swartzia capparioides Klotzsch
Swartzia costaricensis (Britton) N. Zamora
Swartzia coriaceifolia Torke
Swartzia euxylophora Rizzini & A.Mattos
Swartzia fasciata Rizzini & A. Mattos
Swartzia flabellipetala Pittier
Swartzia gracilis Pipoly & A. Rudas Lleras
Swartzia guttata (D. Don) Standl.
Swartzia hondurensis (Britton) Dugand
Swartzia humboldtiana Cuello
Swartzia invenusta Barneby
Swartzia juruana Torke
Swartzia linharensis Mansano
Swartzia maquenqueana N. Zamora & D. Solano
Swartzia mazaganensis Ledoux
Swartzia mexicana M. Sousa & R. Grether
Swartzia microcalyx Ducke
Swartzia micropetala Schott
Swartzia mutisii Britton & Killip
Swartzia oedipus Barneby
Swartzia nitens (Kunth) Vogel ex Steud.
Swartzia oscarpintoana Pipoly & Rudas
Swartzia palustris Barneby
Swartzia parvipetala (R.S. Cowan) Mansano
Swartzia picramnioides Standl. & L.O. Williams ex Torke & N. Zamora
Swartzia pulcherrima Allem. ex Benth.
Swartzia shnilis Benoist
Swartzia stipularis Spruce ex Benth.
Swartzia submarginata (Benth.) Mansano
Swartzia subspicata Klotzsch
Swartzia surinamensis Klotzsch
Swartzia tomentosa DC.
Swartzia triptera Barneby
Swartzia zeledonensis Torke & N. Zamora

References

The Fossil History of Leguminosae from the Eocene of Southeastern North America by Patrick S. Herendeen, Advances in Legume Systematics: Part 4, The Fossil Record, Ed. P.S. Herendeen & Dilcher, 1992, The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, ISBN 0 947643 40 0
"ILDIS LegumeWeb entry for Swartzia". International Legume Database & Information Service. Cardiff School of Computer Science & Informatics. Retrieved 30 January 2014.
USDA; ARS; National Genetic Resources Program. "GRIN species records of Swartzia". Germplasm Resources Information Network—(GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved 30 January 2014.
Torke BM (2007). "Three new species of Swartzia (Leguminosae–Papilionoideae) from northern South America". Bot J Linn Soc. 153 (3): 343–355. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2007.00587.x.
Torke BM (2007). "New Combinations and Species-level Synonyms in Swartzia (Leguminosae: Papilionoideae)". Novon. 17 (1): 110–119. doi:10.3417/1055-3177(2007)17[110:NCASSI]2.0.CO;2.
Aguirre-Bravo C, Villa-Salas AB (June 1996). Partnerships for Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management: Fifth Mexico–U. S. Biennial Symposium. DIANE Publishing. pp. 58–68. ISBN 978-0-7881-2978-0. Retrieved 16 April 2011.
Torke BM, Schaal BA (2008). "Molecular phylogenetics of the species-rich neotropical genus Swartzia (Leguminosae, Papilionoideae) and related genera of the swartzioid clade". Am J Bot. 95 (2): 215–228. doi:10.3732/ajb.95.2.215. PMID 21632346.
"The Plant List entry for Swartzia". The Plant List. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew and Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved 31 January 2014.