Tectona

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Cladus: Lamiids
Ordo: Lamiales

Familia: Lamiaceae
Subfamilia: Tectonoideae
Genus: Tectona
Species: T. grandis – T. hamiltoniana – T. philippinensis
Source(s) of checklist:

Govaerts, R. et al. 2021. Tectona in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2021 Feb 4. Reference page.

Name

Tectona L.f., Suppl. Pl. 20, 151 (1782)
Vernacular names
English: teak
македонски: тик
svenska: teak

Tectona is a genus of tropical hardwood trees in the mint family, Lamiaceae.[1][2][3] The three species are often collectively called teak.

Description

Tectona is native to south and southeast Asia, mainly India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Myanmar,, Indonesia and Thailand, and are commonly found as a component of monsoon forest vegetation. They are large trees, growing to 30–40 m (90–120 ft.) tall, deciduous in the dry season. Tectona grandis is an economically important species which is the source of most commercial teak wood products.[4]
Systematics

Teak belongs to the family Lamiaceae (in older classifications in Verbenaceae). Sometimes it is included in the subfamily Prostantheroideae.[5] There are three species of Tectona:

Tectona grandis (common teak) is by far the most important, with a wide distribution in Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand, China, India, and Pakistan.
Tectona hamiltoniana (Dahat teak) is a local endemic species confined to Burma, where it is endangered.
Tectona philippinensis (Philippine teak) is endemic to the Philippines, and is critically endangered according to the IUCN (http://iucnredlist.org/details/32123/0).

The genus Tectona is a conserved name against the earlier homotypic synonym Theka Adans.[2] The genus was originally described by Carl Linnaeus the Younger in 1782.[6]
The biggest and oldest teak

The biggest and oldest teak is in Uttaradit, Thailand. It is more than 1,500 years old. Its height is 47 metres. [7]

References

"Angiosperm Phylogeny Website - Lamiales". Missouri Botanical Garden. Archived from the original on 2010-12-07. Retrieved 2010-12-18.
"GRIN Taxonomy for Plants - Tectona". United States Department of Agriculture. Archived from the original on 2010-01-18. Retrieved 2010-12-18.
Heywood, V.H., Brummitt, R.K., Culham, A. & Seberg, O. 2007: Flowering Plant Families of the World. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Teak - The Wood Database
Singh, G. Plant systematics: an integrated approach. Science Publishers, 2004
"Tectona". International Plant Names Index (IPNI). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 17 December 2010.
"Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2014-04-13. Retrieved 2013-03-25.