Tribulus

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Rosids
Cladus: Eurosids I
Ordo: Zygophyllales

Familia: Zygophyllaceae
Subfamilia: Tribuloideae
Genus: Tribulus
Species: T. adelacanthus – T. arabicus – T. astrocarpus – T. bimucronatus – T. cistoides – T. cristatus – T. echinops – T. eichlerianus – T. excrucians – T. forrestii – T. hirsutus – T. hystrix – T. incanus – T. kaiseri – T. macrocarpus – T. macropterus – T. megistopterus – T. micrococcus – T. minutus – T. mollis – T. occidentalis – T. omanense – T. parvispinus – T. pentandrus – T. platypterus – T. ranunculiflorus – T. securidocarpus – T. spurius – T. suberosus – T. subramanyamii – T. terrestris – T. zeyheri
Name

Tribulus L., Sp. Pl. 1: 386. (1753)

Type species: Tribulus terrestris L., Sp. Pl. 1: 387. (1753)

References

Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum 1: 386..
Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Tribulus in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 Nov. 15. Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2020. Tribulus. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2020. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 Nov. 15. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2020. Tribulus. Published online. Accessed: Nov. 15 2020.
Tropicos.org 2020. Tribulus. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 Nov. 15.

Vernacular names
Deutsch: Burzeldorne
English: Puncture Vine
suomi: Okarennokit
русский: Якорцы

Tribulus is a genus of plants in the family Zygophyllaceae and found in diverse climates and soils worldwide from latitudes 35°S to 47°N.[3][4] The best-known member is T. terrestris (puncture vine), a widespread invasive species and weed.[4]

Tribulus species are perennial, but some grow as annuals in colder climates.[4] The leaves are opposite and compound. The flowers are perfect (hermaphroditic) and insect-pollinated, with fivefold symmetry. The ovary is divided into locules that are in turn divided by "false septa" (the latter distinguish Tribulus from other members of its family).

Some species are cultivated as ornamental plants in warm regions. Some, notably T. cistoides, T. longipetalus, T. terrestris, and T. zeyheri, are considered weeds. Tribulus omanense is the national flower of Dubai.[5] Thirteen species of Tribulus are accepted by The Plant List, but there are many names still unresolved and needing further study.[4]

List of accepted species
Tribulus zeyheri growing in the Kalahari Desert in Namibia
Tribulus platypterus

(According to Plants of the world online[3])

Tribulus adelacanthus R.M.Barker
Tribulus arabicus Hosni
Tribulus astrocarpus F.Muell.
Tribulus bimucronatus Viv.
Tribulus cistoides L.
Tribulus cristatus C.Presl
Tribulus echinops Kers
Tribulus eichlerianus K.L.Wilson
Tribulus excrucians Wawra
Tribulus forrestii F.Muell.
Tribulus hirsutus Benth.
Tribulus hystrix R.Br.
Tribulus incanus Hosni
Tribulus kaiseri Hosni
Tribulus macrocarpus F.Muell. ex Benth.
Tribulus macropterus Boiss.
Tribulus megistopterus Kralik
Tribulus micrococcus Domin
Tribulus minutus Leichh. ex Benth.
Tribulus mollis Ehrenb. ex Schweinf.
Tribulus occidentalis R.Br.
Tribulus omanense Hosni
Tribulus parvispinus C.Presl
Tribulus pentandrus Forssk.
Tribulus platypterus Benth.
Tribulus ranunculiflorus F.Muell.
Tribulus securidocarpus Engl.
Tribulus spurius Kralik
Tribulus suberosus H.Eichler ex R.M.Barker
Tribulus subramanyamii P.Singh, G.S.Giri & V.Singh
Tribulus terrestris L.
Tribulus zeyheri Sond.

Uses

T. terrestris has been cultivated to inhibit soil erosion and to improve soil moisture, texture, and water-holding capability in deserts and barren lands.[4] Although T. terrestris extracts have been used in traditional medicine and as a dietary supplement for bodybuilders, there is no high-quality clinical evidence that it is effective or safe for these purposes.[4][6]
References

"Tribulus". Australian Plant Name Index, IBIS database. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government.
Linnaeus, C. (1753). "Species Plantarum". 1: 386.
"Tribulus L." Plants of the world online: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2019. Retrieved 18 June 2019.
"Tribulus terrestris (puncture vine)". CABI. 8 November 2018. Retrieved 27 July 2019.
"Types of Flowers in Dubai". gardenguides.com. Retrieved June 7, 2014.

Pokrywka, Andrzej; Obmiński, Zbigniew; Malczewska-Lenczowska, Jadwiga; Fijatek, Zbigniew; Turek-Lepa, Ewa; Grucza, Ryszard (2014-07-08). "Insights into supplements with Tribulus terrestris used by athletes". Journal of Human Kinetics. 41 (1): 99–105. doi:10.2478/hukin-2014-0037. ISSN 1899-7562. PMC 4120469. PMID 25114736.

External links

Tribulus in BoDD – Botanical Dermatology Database
Technical description of Zygophyllaceae from The Families of Flowering Plants, L. Watson and M. J. Dallwitz