Vaccinium reticulatum

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Ordo: Ericales

Familia: Ericaceae
Subfamilia: Vaccinioideae
Tribus: Vaccinieae
Genus: Vaccinium
Sectio: V. sect. Myrtillus
Species: Vaccinium reticulatum
Name

Vaccinium reticulatum Sm., 1817
Synonyms

Vaccinium berberidifolium (A.Gray) Skottsb.
Vaccinium macraeanum Klotzsch
Vaccinium pahalae Skottsb.
Vaccinium peleanum Skottsb.
Vaccinium penduliflorum var. berberifolium A.Gray
Vaccinium reticulatum var. hirsutius Skottsb.
Vaccinium reticulatum var. integrifolium A.Gray
Vaccinium reticulatum f. longiflora Skottsb.
Vaccinium reticulatum f. parviflora Wawra

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Pacific
Regional: Nothern Central Pacific
Hawaii (Kauai, Oahu, Molokai, Maui, Hawaii Isl.), ?Cook Isl. (?Rarotonga)

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references

Smith, J.E. in A. Rees, Cyclopaedia, or, an Universal Dictionary of Arts and Sciences 36: Vaccinium no. 30. 1817

Links

Hassler, M. 2020. Vaccinium reticulatum. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2020. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 May 29. Reference page.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Vaccinium reticulatum in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 May 29. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2020. Vaccinium reticulatum. Published online. Accessed: May 29 2020.
Tropicos.org 2020. Vaccinium reticulatum. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 May 29.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Vaccinium reticulatum in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 2020 May 29.

Vernacular names
English: 'Ōhelo 'ai
русский: Вакциниум сетчатый

Vaccinium reticulatum, known as ʻōhelo ʻai in Hawaiian, is a species of flowering plant in the heather family, Ericaceae, that is endemic to Hawaii. It grows at altitudes of 640–3,700 m (2,100–12,140 ft) on lava flows and freshly disturbed volcanic ash on Maui and Hawaiʻi, and less commonly on Kauaʻi, Oʻahu, and Molokaʻi. Adaptations to volcanic activity include the ability to survive ash falls of over 25 cm (9.8 in) depth.

Description

ʻŌhelo ʻai is a shrub usually 0.1–1.3 m (3.9 in–4 ft 3.2 in) tall, rarely up to 2 m (6.6 ft). The leaves are evergreen, spirally arranged, leathery, oval, 1–3 cm (1⁄2–1+1⁄4 in) long, red when freshly emerging, then green or green with reddish patches. The flowers are bell-shaped, 8–12 mm (5⁄16–1⁄2 in) long, variable in color, red to yellow or pink.
Fruit

The fruit is an edible berry 8–14 mm (0.31–0.55 in) diameter, ranging in color from blue to purple to red to orange to yellow. The color does not necessarily indicate the ripeness of the berries. The berries taste somewhat similar to the related cranberries, less ripe ones being tart, while ripe berries are quite sweet but bland. They are an important food source for the nēnē (Branta sandvicensis); the seeds are dispersed in the birds' droppings (endozoochory).

Nutritional value per 100 g (3.5 oz)
Energy	117 kJ (28 kcal)
Carbohydrates	6.84 g
Fat	0.22 g
Protein	0.38 g
Vitamins	Quantity %DV†
Vitamin A equiv.	5% 42 μg
Thiamine (B1)	1% 0.017 mg
Riboflavin (B2)	3% 0.036 mg
Niacin (B3)	2% 0.27 mg
Vitamin C	7% 6 mg
Minerals	Quantity %DV†
Calcium	1% 7 mg
Iron	1% 0.09 mg
Magnesium	2% 6 mg
Phosphorus	1% 10 mg
Potassium	1% 38 mg
Link to USDA Database entry
Units μg = micrograms • mg = milligrams IU = International units
†Percentages are roughly approximated using US recommendations for adults. Source: USDA FoodData Central

Uses

Oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPC) can be obtained by the means of V. pahalae in vitro cell culture.[2]
See also

Hawaiian Vaccinium

References

"Vaccinium reticulatum". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. Retrieved 2018-07-18.

Kandil, F. E.; Song, L.; Pezzuto, J. M.; Marley, K.; Seigler, D. S.; Smith, M. A. L. (2000). "Isolation of oligomeric proanthocyanidins from flavonoid-producing cell cultures". In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant. 36 (6): 492. doi:10.1007/s11627-000-0088-1. S2CID 25781920.

Plants of Hawaii Volcanoes National Park: Vaccinium reticulatum
"Invasion and Recovery of Vegetation after a Volcanic Eruption in Hawaii (Chapter 6)". NPS.gov (U.S. National Park Service). 1998-04-24. Retrieved 2018-07-06.
"Vaccinium reticulatum - Plants of Hawaii". Starr Environmental. Retrieved 2018-07-06.
"ITIS Standard Report Page: Vaccinium reticulatum". Interagency Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). Retrieved 2018-07-05.