Archostemata

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Cladus: Protostomia
Cladus: Ecdysozoa
Cladus: Panarthropoda
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Hexapoda
Classis: Insecta
Cladus: Dicondylia
Subclassis: Pterygota
Cladus: Metapterygota
Infraclassis: Neoptera
Cladus: Eumetabola
Cladus: Endopterygota
Superordo: Coleopterida
Ordo: Coleoptera
Subordo: Archostemata
Superfamiliae (4): Cupedoidea – †Asiocoleoidea – †Rhombocoleoidea – †Schizophoroidea
Source(s) of checklist:
Bouchard et al. (2011); Bouchard & Bousquet (2020)
Overview of familiae (13)

Crowsoniellidae – Cupedidae – Jurodidae – Micromalthidae – Ommatidae – †Asiocoleidae – †Magnocoleidae – †Obrieniidae – †Phoroschizidae – †Rhombocoleidae – †Schizocoleidae – †Triadocupedidae – †Triaplidae
Source(s) of checklist:
Bouchard et al. (2011); Bouchard & Bousquet (2020)

Source(s) of checklist:
Bouchard et al. (2011); Bouchard & Bousquet (2020)

Name

Archostemata
References

Beutel, R.G.; Friedrich, F. 2008: The phylogeny of Archostemata (Coleoptera) and new approaches in insect morphology. Entomologia generalis, 31: 141–154.
Beutel, R.G.; Ge, S.-Q.; Hörnschemeyer, T. 2008: On the head morphology of Tetraphalerus, the phylogeny of Archostemata and the basal branching events in Coleoptera. Cladistics, 24: 270–298. DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-0031.2007.00186.x
Bouchard, P. & Bousquet, Y. 2020. Additions and corrections to “Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta)”. ZooKeys 922: 65–139. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.922.46367 Open access. Reference page.
Bouchard, P., Bousquet, Y., Davies, A.E., Alonso-Zarazaga, M.A., Lawrence, J.F., Lyal, C.H.C., Newton, A.F., Reid, C.A.M., Schmitt, M., Ślipiński, S.A. & Smith, A.B.T. 2011. Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta). ZooKeys 88: 1–972. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.88.807 Open access. PMC: 3088472 Open access. Reference page.
Friedrich, F.; Farrell, B.D.; Beutel, R.G. 2008: The thoracic morphology of Archostemata and the relationships of the extant suborders of Coleoptera (Hexapoda). Cladistics, 24: 1–37. DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-0031.2008.00233.x
Ge, S.-Q., Hörnschemeyer, T., Friedrich, F. & Beutel, R.G. 2011. Is Crowsoniella relicta really a cucujiform beetle? Systematic Entomology 36(1): 175–179. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00552.x Paywall. ResearchGate Open access. Reference page.
Grebennikov, V.V. 2004: Review of larval morphology of the beetle suborder Archostemata (Insecta: Coleoptera) with emphasis on first-instar chaetotaxy. European journal of entomology, 101: 273–292. PDF
Hörnschemeyer, T. 2005: 5. Archostemata Kolbe, 1908. Pp. 29-42 in: Beutel, R.G. & Leschen, R.A.B. (volume eds.) Coleoptera, Beetles. Volume 1: Morphology and systematics (Archostemata, Adephaga, Myxophaga, Polyphaga partim). In: Kristensen, N.P. & Beutel, R.G. (eds.) Handbook of zoology. A natural history of the phyla of the animal kingdom. Volume IV. Arthropoda: Insecta. Part 38. Berlin, New York: Walter de Gruyter.
Hörnschemeyer, T. 2009. The species-level phylogeny of archostematan beetles—where do Micromalthus debilis and Crowsoniella relicta belong? Systematic Entomology 34: 533–558. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3113.2009.00476.x Paywall. [Note: Unpublished for the purposes of zoological nomenclature (Art. 8.2, ICZN)]
Hörnschemeyer, T.; Goebbels, J.; Weidemann, G.; Faber, C.; Haase, A. 2006: The head morphology of Ascioplaga mimeta (Coleoptera: Archostemata) and the phylogeny of Archostemata. European journal of entomology, 103: 409–423. PDF
Kirejtshuk, A.G., Nel, A. & Collomb, F.-M. 2010. New Archostemata (Insecta: Coleoptera) from the French Paleocene and Early Eocene, with a note on the composition of the suborder. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France (n.s.) 46: 216–227. DOI: 10.1080/00379271.2010.10697661 Open access. Reference page.
Lawrence, J.F. 1999: The Australian Ommatidae (Coleoptera: Archostemata): new species, larva and discussion of relationships. Invertebrate taxonomy, 13: 369–390. DOI: 10.1071/IT99008
I.Löbl & A.Smetana (eds). 2003 Catalogue of Palearctic Coleoptera. Vol. 1: Archostemata-Myxophaga-Adephaga. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, Denmark ISBN 87-88757-73-0, p. 25
Ponomarenko, A.G. 2011. New beetles (Insecta, Coleoptera) from Vyazniki Locality, Terminal Permian of European Russia. Paleontologicheskii Zhurnal 2011(4): 55–63. [in Russian, English translation in Paleontological Journal 45(4): 414–422. (2011) DOI: 10.1134/S0031030111040095 Paywall.]
Rozen, J.G., jr. 1963: Two pupae of the primitive suborder Archostemata (Coleoptera). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 65(4): 307–310.
Tan, J.; Ren, D. 2009: Mesozoic archostematan fauna from China. Science Press, Beijing. ISBN 7030246071

Links

Australian Faunal Directory
Tree of Life Web Project. 2006. Archostemata. Version 01 January 2006 (under construction) in The Tree of Life Web Project

Vernacular names
English: archostematans
日本語: ナガヒラタムシ亜目 (始原亜目)
русский: Архостематы
中文: 原鞘亚目

The Archostemata are the smallest suborder of beetles, consisting 45 living species in five families.[1] They are an ancient lineage with a number of primitive characteristics. They are similar in morphology to the first beetles, which appear in the fossil record about 250 million years ago. Antennae may be thread-shaped (filiform) or like a string of beads (moniliform). This suborder also contains the only beetles where both sexes are paedogenic, Micromalthus debilis.

These beetles are considered rare. Fossil deposits from the Permian suggest that the Archostemata were once much more common and dispersed over a wide portion of the globe, and the species that remain are scattered vestiges of their former population.

Taxonomy

There are five extant families and nine extinct families in the suborder Archostemata, divided between four superfamilies.[2][3]

Superfamily Cupedoidea Laporte, 1838
- Family Crowsoniellidae Iablokoff-Khnzorian, 1983
- Family Cupedidae Laporte, 1838
  - Subfamily Priacminae Crowson, 1962
  - Subfamily †Mesocupedinae Ponomarenko, 1969
  - Subfamily Cupedinae Laporte, 1838
- Family Micromalthidae Barber, 1913
- Family Ommatidae Sharp and Muir, 1912
  - Subfamily †Brochocoleinae Hong, 1982
  - Subfamily Tetraphalerinae Crowson, 1962
  - Subfamily Ommatinae Sharp and Muir, 1912
    - Tribe †Lithocupedini Ponomarenko, 1969
    - Tribe †Notocupedini Ponomarenko, 1966
    - Tribe Ommatini Sharp and Muir, 1912
- Family Jurodidae Ponomarenko, 1985
- Family †Triadocupedidae Ponomarenko, 1966
- Family †Magnocoleidae Hong, 1998
- Family †Obrieniidae Zherikhin and Gratshev, 1994
  - Subfamily †Kararhynchinae Zherikhin and Gratshev, 1994
    - Tribe †Kararhynchini Zherikhin and Gratshev, 1994
    - Tribe †Kenderlykanini Legalov, 2009 (= †Kenderlykaini Legalov, 2009)
  - Subfamily †Obrieniinae Zherikhin and Gratshev, 1994
Superfamily †Asiocoleoidea Rohdendorf, 1961
- Family †Asiocoleidae Rohdendorf, 1961
- Family †Tricoleidae Ponomarenko, 1969
Superfamily †Rhombocoleoidea Rohdendorf, 1961
- Family †Rhombocoleidae Rohdendorf, 1961
Superfamily †Schizocoleoidea Rohdendorf, 1961 (= Schizophoroidea Ponomarenko, 1968)
- Family †Phoroschizidae Bouchard and Bousquet, 2020 (= Schizophoridae Ponomarenko, 1968)
- Family †Schizocoleidae Rohdendorf, 1961
- Family †Triaplidae Ponomarenko, 1977 (= †Catiniidae Ponomarenko, 1968)^[4]