Pardirallus

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Unikonta
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Regnum: Animalia
Subregnum: Eumetazoa
Cladus: ParaHoxozoa
Cladus: Bilateria
Cladus: Nephrozoa
Superphylum: Deuterostomia
Phylum: Chordata
Cladus: Olfactores
Subphylum: Vertebrata
Infraphylum: Gnathostomata
Megaclassis: Osteichthyes
Cladus: Sarcopterygii
Cladus: Rhipidistia
Cladus: Tetrapodomorpha
Cladus: Eotetrapodiformes
Cladus: Elpistostegalia
Superclassis: Tetrapoda
Cladus: Reptiliomorpha
Cladus: Amniota
Cladus: Sauropsida
Cladus: Reptilia
Cladus: Eureptilia
Cladus: Romeriida
Subclassis: Diapsida
Cladus: Neodiapsida
Cladus: Sauria
Cladus: Archelosauria
Cladus: Archosauromorpha
Cladus: Crocopoda
Cladus: Archosauriformes
Cladus: Eucrocopoda
Cladus: Archosauria
Cladus: Avemetatarsalia
Cladus: Ornithodira
Cladus: Dinosauromorpha
Cladus: Dinosauriformes
Cladus: Dracohors
Cladus: Dinosauria
Cladus: Saurischia
Cladus: Theropoda
Cladus: Neotheropoda
Cladus: Averostra
Cladus: Tetanurae
Cladus: Avetheropoda
Cladus: Coelurosauria
Cladus: Tyrannoraptora
Cladus: Maniraptoromorpha
Cladus: Maniraptoriformes
Cladus: Maniraptora
Cladus: Pennaraptora
Cladus: Paraves
Cladus: Eumaniraptora
Cladus: Avialae
Subclassis: Aves
Cladus: Avebrevicauda
Cladus: Pygostylia
Cladus: Ornithothoraces
Cladus: Ornithuromorpha
Cladus: Carinatae
Cladus: Neornithes
Infraclassis: Neognathae
Cladus: Neoaves
Ordo: Gruiformes

Familia: Rallidae
Subfamilia: Rallinae
Tribus: Pardirallini
Genus: Pardirallus
Species: P. maculatus - P. nigricans - P. sanguinolentus
Name

Pardirallus Bonaparte, 1856

Typus: Rallus maculatus Boddaert, 1783 = Pardirallus maculatus

Synonymy

Ortygonax Heine, 1890 Nomen.Mus.Heine.Orn.(Heine&Reichenow) p. 321 BHL

References

Bonaparte, C.L. 1856. Excursion dans les divers Museés d'Allemagne, de Hollande et de Belgique, et Tableaux paralléliques de l'ordre des Échassiers. Compte Rendu des Séances de l'Académie des Sciences 43: 410–421 BHL; Suite 571–579 BHL; Fin 593–601 BHL. Mallet-Bachelier. Paris. Reference page. p. 599

Pardirallus is a genus of bird in the family Rallidae. It contains three species native to marshland areas of Southern, Central America and the Caribbean, although fossil evidence indicates they once ranged north to what is now Idaho.[2] They are 25–38 cm long and have a long greenish bill and reddish legs. The spotted rail is blackish-brown with white markings while the other two are brown above and dark grey below.[2]

The genus Pardirallus was erected by the French naturalist Charles Lucien Bonaparte in 1856 with the spotted rail (Pardirallus maculatus) as the type species.[3][4] The generic name combines the Ancient Greek pardos meaning "leopard" with the genus Rallus.[5]
Species

The genus contains three species :[6]

Genus Pardirallus – Bonaparte, 1856 – two species

Common name	Scientific name and subspecies	Range	Size and ecology	IUCN status and estimated population
Spotted rail	Pardirallus maculatus (Boddaert, 1783) Two subspecies P. m. insolitus (Bangs & Peck, 1908) P. m. maculatus (Boddaert, 1783)	Argentina, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Cayman Islands, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, French Guiana, Guyana, Jamaica, Mexico, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, Uruguay, Venezuela, and possibly Honduras.	Size: Habitat: Diet	LC

Blackish rail	Pardirallus nigricans (Swainson, 1838) Two subspecies P. n. nigricans P. n. caucae	north-eastern Brazil south to south-east Brazil and west to northern Argentina and eastern Paraguay	Size: Habitat: Diet:	LC

Plumbeous rail	Pardirallus sanguinolentus (Loddiges, 1832) Six subspecies P. s. simonsi Chubb, C., 1918 P. s. tschudii Chubb, C., 1919 P. s. zelebori (Pelzeln, 1865) P. s. sanguinolentus (Swainson, 1838) P. s. landbecki (Hellmayr, 1932) P. s. luridus (Peale, 1849)	Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Ecuador, Paraguay, Peru and Uruguay, and is a vagrant to the Falkland Islands.	Size: Habitat: Diet:	LC

A fossil species, Pardirallus lacustris, is known from the Late Pliocene of the Hagerman Fossil Beds of Idaho. It was formerly assigned to the genus Porzana upon its description in 1958 by Pierce Brodkorb and later to the genus Rallus in 1968 by Alan Feduccia, but an analysis by Storrs L. Olson in 1977 transferred it to Pardirallus.[7]
References

"Rallidae". aviansystematics.org. The Trust for Avian Systematics. Retrieved 2023-07-27.
Taylor, Barry & Ber van Perlo (1998). Rails: A Guide to the Rails, Crakes, Gallinules and Coots of the World. Sussex: Pica Press.
Bonaparte, Charles Lucien (1856). "Excusion dans les divers Musées d'Allemagne, de Hollande et de Belgique (suite)". Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de l'Académie des Sciences (in French). 43: 593–601 [599].
Peters, James Lee, ed. (1934). Check-list of Birds of the World. Vol. 2. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 169.
Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 292. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds. (2019). "Flufftails, finfoots, rails, trumpeters, cranes, limpkin". World Bird List Version 9.2. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 18 July 2019.
Olson, Storrs L. (1977). "A synopsis of the fossil Rallidae". Rails of the World: A Monograph of the Family Rallidae. Boston, MA, USA: David R. Godine. pp. 339–373. hdl:10088/12826.