Choanozoa

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Podiata
Cladus: Amorphea
Cladus: Obazoa
Cladus: Opisthokonta
Cladus: Holozoa
Cladus: Filozoa
Cladus: Choanozoa
Cladi: Animalia – Choanoflagellata
Name

Choanozoa Brunet & King, 2017 [Cavalier-Smith et al., 1991]
Synonyms

Apoikozoa Budd & Jensen, 2015
"choanimal" Fairclough et al., 2013 (informal)

Classifications
Cavalier-Smith (2009)

Phylum: Choanozoa

Subphyla: Choanofila – Cristidiscoidia

Classes: Choanoflagellatea – Corallochytrea – Cristidiscoidea – Filasterea – Ichthyosporea
Ruggiero et al. (2015)

Ruggiero, M.A., Gordon, D.P., Orrell, T.M., Bailly, N., Bourgoin, T., Brusca, R.C., Cavalier-Smith, T., Guiry, M.D. & Kirk, P.M. 2015. A Higher Level Classification of All Living Organisms. PLoS ONE 10(4): e0119248 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119248 Open access. [Correction in 10(6): e0130114 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130114 Open access.] Reference page.

Superkingdom Prokaryota
Kingdom Archaea [= Archaebacteria]
Kingdom Bacteria [= Eubacteria]
Superkingdom Eukaryota
Kingdom Protozoa
Subkingdom Eozoa
Infrakingdom Euglenozoa
Infrakingdom Excavata
Subkingdom Sarcomastigota
Phylum Amoebozoa
Phylum Choanozoa [with Microsporidia, Animalia, and Fungi constitutes "Supergroup Opisthokonta"]
Subphylum Choanofila
Class Choanoflagellatea
Order Acanthoecida
Order Craspedida
Class Corallochytrea
Order Corallochytrida
Class Filasterea
Order Ministeriida
Class Ichthyosporea
Order Dermocystida
Order Eccrinida
Subphylum Paramycia
Class Aphelidea
Order Aphelidida
Class Cristidiscoidea
Order Fonticulida
Order Nucleariida
Class Rozellidea
Order Rozellida
Phylum Microsporidia [with Choanozoa, Animalia, and Fungi constitutes "Supergroup Opisthokonta"]
Phylum Sulcozoa
Kingdom Chromista
Subkingdom Hacrobia
Subkingdom Harosa [= "Supergroup SAR"]
Infrakingdom Halvaria
Superphylum Alveolata
Superphylum Heterokonta [= "Supergroup Stramenopiles"]
Infrakingdom Rhizaria
Kingdom Fungi
Kingdom Plantae [= Archaeplastida]
Kingdom Animalia

Adl et al. (2019)

Adl. S.M., Bass, D., Lane, C.E., Burger, G., Schoch, C.L., Smirnov, A., Agatha, S., Berney, C., Brown, M.W., Burki, F., Cárdenas, P., Čepička, I., Chistyakova, L., Del Campo, J., Dunthorn, M., Edvardsen, B., Eglit, Y., Guillou, L., Hampl, V., Heiss, A.A., Hoppenrath, M., James, T.Y., Karnkowska, A.E., Karpov, S., Kim, E., Kolisko, M., Lahr, D.J.G., Lara, E., Le Gall, L., Lynn, D.H., Mann, D.G., Massana, R., Mitchell, E.A.D., Morrow, C., Park, J.S., Pawlowski, J.W., Powell, M.J., Richter, D.J., Rueckert, S., Shadwick, L., Shimano, S., Spiegel, F.W., Torruella, G., Youssef, N., Zlatogursky, V.V. & Zhang, Q. 2018 (Online) 2019 (Print). Revisions to the Classification, Nomenclature, and Diversity of Eukaryotes. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 66(1): 4–119. DOI: 10.1111/JEU.12691 Open access Reference page.
Amorphea
Obazoa
Opisthokonta
Holozoa
Choanozoa
Metazoa
Choanoflagellata
Filasterea
Ichthyosporea
Incertae sedis
Corallochytrium
Syssomonas

References
Primary references

Brunet, T. & King, N. 2017. The origin of animal multicellularity and cell differentiation. Developmental Cell 43(2): 124–140. DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2017.09.016 Open access. Reference page.
Budd, G.E. & Jensen, S. 2015 (Online) 2017 (Print). The origin of the animals and a ‘Savannah’ hypothesis for early bilaterian evolution. Biological Reviews 92(1): 446–473. DOI: 10.1111/brv.12239 Open access. Reference page.
Fairclough, S.R., Chen, Z., Kramer, E., Zeng, Q., Young, S., Robertson, H.M., Begovic, E., Richter, D.J., Russ, C., Westbrook, M.J., Manning, G., Lang, B.F., Haas, B., Nusbaum, C. & King, K. 2013. Premetazoan genome evolution and the regulation of cell differentiation in the choanoflagellate Salpingoeca rosetta. Genome Biology 14: R15. DOI: 10.1186/gb-2013-14-2-r15 Open access. Reference page.

Additional references

Adl. S.M., Bass, D., Lane, C.E., Burger, G., Schoch, C.L., Smirnov, A., Agatha, S., Berney, C., Brown, M.W., Burki, F., Cárdenas, P., Čepička, I., Chistyakova, L., Del Campo, J., Dunthorn, M., Edvardsen, B., Eglit, Y., Guillou, L., Hampl, V., Heiss, A.A., Hoppenrath, M., James, T.Y., Karnkowska, A.E., Karpov, S., Kim, E., Kolisko, M., Lahr, D.J.G., Lara, E., Le Gall, L., Lynn, D.H., Mann, D.G., Massana, R., Mitchell, E.A.D., Morrow, C., Park, J.S., Pawlowski, J.W., Powell, M.J., Richter, D.J., Rueckert, S., Shadwick, L., Shimano, S., Spiegel, F.W., Torruella, G., Youssef, N., Zlatogursky, V.V. & Zhang, Q. 2018 (Online) 2019 (Print). Revisions to the Classification, Nomenclature, and Diversity of Eukaryotes. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 66(1): 4–119. DOI: 10.1111/JEU.12691 Open access Reference page.
Cavalier-Smith, T. 1987. The origin of fungi and pseudofungi. In Rayner, A.D.M., Brasier, C.M. & Moore, D. (eds.) Evolutionary Biology of the Fungi, pp. 339–353.
Cavalier-Smith, T. 2009. Megaphylogeny, cell body plans, adaptive zones: causes and timing of eukaryote basal radiations. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 56: 26–33. DOI: 10.1111/j.1550-7408.2008.00373.x
Shalchian-Tabrizi, K., Minge, M.A., Espelund, M., Orr, R., Ruden, T., Jakobsen, K.S. & Cavalier-Smith, T. 2008. Multigene phylogeny of Choanozoa and the origin of animals. PLoS ONE 3(5): e2098. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0002098 Open access. Reference page.

Links

Choanozoa in the World Register of Marine Species

Vernacular names

português: Coanozoários