Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Fungi
Subregnum: Dikarya
Divisio: Ascomycota
Subdivisio: Pezizomycotina
Classis: Lecanoromycetes
Subclassis: Lecanoromycetidae
Ordo: Lecanorales
Familia: Parmeliaceae
Subfamilia: Parmelioideae
Genus: Cetraria
Species: C. aculeata – C. albopunctata – C. ambigua – C. annae – C. arenaria – C. australiensis – C. corrugata – C. crespoae – C. delisei – C. denticulata – C. dermatoidea – C. endochrysea – C. ericetorum – C. everniella – C. fastigiata – C. flavonigrescens – C. globulans – C. isidiigera – C. islandica – C. kamczatica – C. laevigata – C. laii – C. madreporiformis – C. muricata – C. nepalensis – C. nigricans – C. novae-zealandiae – C. oakesiana – C. obtusata – C. odontella – C. peruviana – C. rassadinae – C. sinensis – C. sorediella – C. steppae – C. subscutata – C. urceolata – C. wangii – C. weii – C. xizangensis
Name
Cetraria Ach. 1803
Synonyms
Allocetraria Kurok. & M.J.Lai, 1991
Cetrariella Kärnefelt & A. Thell, Bryologist 96: 402 (1993)
Squamaria Hoffm., Descr. Adumb. Plant. Lich. 1(2): 33, 34, 78 (1789)
Platisma Hoffm., Deutschl. Fl., Zweiter Theil (Erlangen): 138 (1790)
Geissodea Vent., Tableau du Regne Végétal. 2: 33 (1799) [Mycobank #2038]
Platyphyllum Vent., Tableau du Regne Végétal. 2: 34 (1799) [Mycobank #4179]
Coelocaulon Link, Handbuch zur Erkennung der nutzbarsten und am häufigsten vorkommenden Gewächse 3: 165 (1833) [Mycobank #1160]
Cetrariomyces E.A. Thomas, Beitr. Kryptogamenfl. Schweiz 9 (1): 114 (1939) [Mycobank #921]
Pseudocornicularia Gyeln., Acta Faun. Fl. Univers., Ser. 2, Bot. 1(no. 5-6): 7 (1933)
Usnocetraria M.J.Lai & J.C. Wei, J. Natnl. Taiwan Mus. 60: 57 (2007)
Vulpicida J.-E.Mattsson & M.J.Lai, Mycotaxon 46: 427 (1993)
References
Acharius, E. (1803) Methodus qua omnes detectos lichenes secundum organa carpomorpha ad genera, species et varietates redigere atque observationibus illustrare tentavit Erik Acharius (Methodus Lichenum). Cum tab. aen. - Stockholm. (Mattick Rec.# 30921 - Literature on Lichens) (PDF file)
Acharius, E. (1814) Synopsis methodica lichenum, sistens omnes hujus ordinis naturalis detectas plantas, quas, secundum genera, species et varietates disposuit, characteribus et differentiis emendatis definivit, nec non synonymis et observationibus selectis illustravit auctor. - Lund. 392 pp. (Mattick Rec.# 30923 - Literature on Lichens) (PDF file)
Brodo, I.M., Sharnoff, S.D. and Sharnoff, S. (2001) Cetraria (pp. 213-219) In, Lichens of North America. Yale University Press, New Haven, 795 pages. (RLL List # 184 / Rec. # 22465 - Recent Literature on Lichens) (The Book)
Eckfeldt, J.W. (1895) An enumeration of the Lichens of Newfoundland and Labrador. - Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club\Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 22: 239–260. (Mattick Rec.# 26433 - Literature on Lichens) (JSTOR)
Hinds, J.W. and Hinds, P.L. (2007) Cetraria Ach., 1803 (pp. 143-147) In, The Macrolichens of New England. - Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden No. 96. New York Botanical Garden Press, Bronx, New York. 584 pp. (RLL List # 210 / Rec. # 30032 - Recent Literature on Lichens)
Kärnefelt, I. (1977) Three new species of brown fruticose Cetraria. - Bot. Not. 130: 125–129. (RLL List # 98 / Rec. # 9862 - Recent Literature on Lichens)
Kärnefelt, I.; Mattsson, J.-E. and Thell, A. (1993) The lichen genera Arctocetraria, Cetraria, and Cetrariella (Parmeliaceae) and their presumed evolutionary affinities. - The Bryologist 96(3): 394–404. (RLL List # 153 / Rec. # 9608 - Recent Literature on Lichens)
Link, H.F. (1833) Handbuch zur Erkennung der nutzbarsten und am häufigsten vorkommenden Gewächse. - Berlin. pp. (Mattick Rec.# 33258 - Literature on Lichens)
Luyken, J.A. (1809) Tentamen historiae lichenum in genere: cui accedunt primae lineae distributionis novae.: 1 - 102. (Mattick Rec.# 33098 - Recent Literature on Lichens) [as 'Ceteraria' Ach.]
Savicz, V.P. (1914) Neue Flechten aus Kamtschatka. - Bull. Jard. Imp. Bot. Pierre le Grand 14: 111–128. (Mattick Rec.# 29801 - Literature on Lichens)
St. Clair, L.L. (1999) Cetraria Ach. (pp. 49-50) In, A color guidebook to common Rocky Mountain lichens. M.L. Bean Life Science Museum of Brigham Young University Publisher, 242 pp. (RLL List # 180 / Rec. # 21417 - Recent Literature on Lichens)
Thomson, J.W. (1984) Cetraria Ach. (pp. 69-96). In, American Arctic Lichens: 1. The Macrolichens. Columbia University Press, New York, 504 pages. (RLL List # 124-96 / Rec. # 18494 - Recent Literature on Lichens)
USDA Plants Database
Index Fungorum
MycoBank
Cetraria species transferred to other genera
Cetraria agnata (Nyl.) Kristinsson, 1974 = Melanelia agnata
Cetraria andrejevii Oxner, 1940 = Arctocetraria andrejevii
Cetraria californica Tuck., 1859 = Kaernefeltia californica
Cetraria chlorophylla (Willd.) Poetsch, 1872 = Tuckermanopsis chlorophylla
Cetraria commixta (Nyl.) Th. Fr., 1871 = Melanelia commixta
Cetraria cucullata (Bellardi) Ach., 1803 = Nephromopsis cucullata
Cetraria culbersonii Hale, 1968 = Melanelia culbersonii
Cetraria delisei (Bory ex Schaer.) Nyl., 1867 = Cetrariella delisei
Cetraria elenkinii Krog, 1968 = Arctocetraria nigricascens
Cetraria fastigiata (Delise ex Nyl.) Kärnefelt, 1977 = Cetrariella fastigiata
Cetraria hepatizon (Ach.) Vain., 1899 = Melanelia hepatizon
Cetraria inermis (Nyl.) Krog, 1973 = Tuckermanopsis inermis
Cetraria merrillii Du Rietz, 1926 = Kaernefeltia merrillii
Cetraria nigricascens (Nyl.) Elenkin, 1891 = Arctocetraria nigricascens
Cetraria nivalis (L.) Ach., 1803 = Nephromopsis nivalis
Cetraria orbata (Nyl.) Fink, 1919 = Tuckermanopsis orbata
Cetraria pallidula Tuck., 1915 = Ahtiana pallidula
Cetraria platyphylla Tuck., 1882 = Tuckermanopsis platyphylla
Cetraria sibirica H. Magn., 1936 = Arctocetraria nigricascens
Cetraria simmonsii Krog, 1968 = Arctocetraria andrejevii
Cetraria subalpina Imshaug, 1951 = Tuckermanopsis subalpina
Cetraria tilesii Ach., 1814 = Vulpicida tilesii
Cetraria weberi Essl., 1973 = Tuckermanella weberi
Vernacular names
English: Iceland lichens, Icelandmoss, Heath lichens, Cetraria lichens
eesti: Käokõrv, Käosamblik
suomi: Hirvenjäkälät
日本語: エイランタイ属
lietuvių: Kerpena
norsk: Kruslav
polski: Płucnica
Cetraria is a genus of fruticose, Iceland lichens that associate with green algae as photobionts. Most species are found at high latitudes, occurring on sand or heath. Species have a characteristic "strap-like" form, with spiny lobe edges.
Cetraria islandica, Iceland moss, is one of the few culinary lichens, ground and eaten by Northern Europeans in times of famine.
Another species is used today as a "bulking" agent in garam masala of traditional Indian cuisine.
Species
Cetraria aculeata (Schreb.) Fr. (1826) - Spiny Iceland lichen[2]
Cetraria arenaria - Sand-loving Iceland lichen[2]
Cetraria australiensis W.A.Weber ex Kärnefelt (1977)
Cetraria corrugata (R.F.Wang, X.L.Wei & J.C.Wei) Divakar, A.Crespo & Lumbsch (2017)
Cetraria endochrysea (Lynge) Divakar, A.Crespo & Lumbsch (2017)
Cetraria ericetorum - Heathland Iceland lichen[2]
Cetraria flavonigrescens (A.Thell & Randlane) Divakar, A.Crespo & Lumbsch (2017)
Cetraria isidiigera (Kurok. & M.J.Lai) Divakar, A.Crespo & Lumbsch (2017)
Cetraria islandica (L.) Ach. (1803) - True Iceland lichen[2]
Cetraria kamczatica - Kamchatka Iceland lichen[2]
Cetraria laevigata - Striped Iceland lichen[2]
Cetraria minuscula (Elenkin & Savicz) McCune (2018)
Cetraria muricata (Ach.) Eckfeldt (1895) - Roughened Iceland lichen[2]
Cetraria nigricans - Blackened Iceland lichen[2]
Cetraria odontella (Ach.) Ach. 1814) - Small-toothed Iceland lichen[2]
Cetraria racemosa (Lynge) Øvstedal (2009)
Cetraria sepincola (Hoffm.) Ach. (1803)
Cetraria sinensis (X.Q.Gao) Divakar, A.Crespo & Lumbsch (2017)
Cetraria wangii Divakar, A.Crespo & Lumbsch (2017)
Cetraria weii Divakar, A.Crespo & Lumbsch (2017)
References
"Synonymy: Cetraria Ach". Species Fungorum. Retrieved 1 May 2020.
"Standardized Common Names for Wild Species in Canada". National General Status Working Group. 2020.
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