Embryophyta

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Orthokaryota
Cladus: Neokaryota
Cladus: Photokaryota
Cladus: Diaphoretickes
Cladus: CAM
Regnum*: Archaeplastida
Regnum: Plantae
Regnum*: Viridiplantae
Cladus: Streptophyta
Cladus: Phragmoplastophyta
Cladus: Embryophyta
Divisiones: Anthocerotophyta - Bryophyta - Marchantiophyta - Polysporangiophyta

[Note: this page is about Embryophyta (= Plantae sensu Margulis, 1971). For other uses of Plantae, see:

Plantae (L.)
Archaeplastida or Plantae (= Plantae sensu Cavalier-Smith, 1981, 1998)
Viridiplantae (= Plantae sensu Copeland, 1938, 1956).]

Name

Embryophyta Engler, 1892
Synonyms

Cormophyta Endlicher, 1836
Phyta Barkley, 1939
Cormobionta Rothmaler, 1948
Euplanta Barkley, 1949
Telomobionta Takhtajan, 1964
Embryobionta Cronquist et al., 1966
Metaphyta sensu Whittaker, 1969
Plantae sensu Margulis, 1971
Embryophyceae Lewis & McCourt, 2004
Equisetopsida C. Agardh, 1825, sensu M.W.Chase & Reveal, 2009
Embryopsida Engler ex Pirani & J. Prado, 2012

Classifications
Endlicher (1836)

Endlicher, S.L. (1836). Genera plantarum secundum ordines naturales disposita. pp. [i]-lx, [1-]-160. Vienna, [1]. See Lindley (1846), [2], Rendle (1904), [3].

Regio II. Cormophyta
Section 3. Acrobrya
Section 4. Amphybrya
Section 5. Acramphybrya

Engler (1892)

Engler, A. 1892. Syllabus der Vorlesungen über specielle und medicinisch-pharmaceutische Botanik [...] [Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilien, in further editions]. 1st ed., Berlin: Gebr. Borntraeger, [4].

Euthallophyta
Embryophyta zoidiogama (Archegoniatae)
Embryophyta siphonogama (Phanerogamae)

Barkley (1949)

Barkley, Fred A. "Un esbozo de clasificación de los organismos." Revista de la Facultad Nacional de Agronomia, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín. 10: 83–103, [5].

Mychota
Protista
Euplanta (Planta, Cormobionta, Cormophyta, Phyta)
Bryophyta
Tracheophyta (or Vasculares)
Psilophyta
Lepidophyta (or Lycopsida)
Calamophyta (or Arthrophyta, Sphenopsida)
Ptenophyta
Cycadophyta
Strobilophyta
Gnetophyta
Anthophyta
Euanimalia

Takhtajan (1964)

Takhtajan, A. (1964). The taxa of the higher plants above the rank of order. Taxon 13(5): 160–164, [6].

Subregnum Telomobionta (= Cormobionta)

1. Divisio Psilophyta
2. Divisio Bryophyta
3. Divisio Lycopodiophyta (= Lycophyta, Lepidophyta)
4. Divisio Psilotophyta
5. Divisio Equisetophyta (= Sphenophyta, Calamophyta)
6. Divisio Polypodiophyta (= Pteridophyta s.str., Pterophyta s.str.)
7. Divisio Magnoliophyta (= Spermatophyta)

Cronquist, Takhtajan & Zimmermann (1966)

Cronquist, A., Takhtajan, A. & Zimmermann, W. (1966). On the Higher Taxa of Embryobionta. Taxon, Vol. 15, No. 4 (Apr., 1966), pp. 129–134, [7].

Subregnum Embryobionta nom. nov. (regio Cormophyta Endl. 1836, Gen. pl.: 42)

1. Divisio Rhyniophyta div. nov.
2. Divisio Bryophyta A. Br. 1864.
3. Divisio Psilotophyta stat. nov.
4. Divisio Lycopodiophyta nom. nov.
5. Divisio Equisetophyta nom. nov.
6. Divisio Polypodiophyta div.nov.
7. Divisio Pinophyta div. nov. (classis Gymnospermae Lindl. 1830, Intr. Nat. Syst. Bot.: 245; divisio Gymnospermae Prantl 1874, Lehrb. d. Bot. 131)
8. Divisio Magnoliophyta div. nov. (divisio Angiospermae A. Br. et Doell 1857, ex Doell, Fl. Baden. 1: 104).
Classis Magnoliatae classis nov. (classis Dicotyledoneae DC. 1818, Syst. 1: 123).
Typus: Magnolia 1753.
Classis Liliatae classis nov. (classis Monocotyledoneae DC 1818, Syst. 1: 122).
Typus: Lilium L. 1753.

Whittaker (1969)

Whittaker, R. H. (1969). New concepts of kingdoms or organisms. Science 163 (3863): 150–160.

Kingdom Monera
Kingdom Protista
Kingdom Plantae
Subkingdom Rhodophycophyta
Phylum Rhodophyta
Subkingdom Phaeophycophyta
Phylum Phaeophyta
Subkingdom Euchlorophyta
Branch Chlorophycophyta
Phylum Chlorophyta
Phylum Charophyta
Branch Metaphyta
Phylum Bryophyta
Phylum Tracheophyta
Kingdom Fungi
Kingdom Animalia

Benton (1993)

Benton, M. J. 1993. The fossil record 2. London: Chapman & Hall, [8].

Kingdom Monera
Kingdom Fungi
Kingdom Algae [artificial]
Kingdom Animalia
Kingdom Plantae
Bryophyta
Pteridophyta
Gymnospermophyta
Magnoliophyta ("Angiospermae")

Margulis & Chapman (2009)

From Kingdoms & Domains, 4th ed.

Superkingdom Prokarya

Kingdom Bacteria (Prokaryotae, Procaryotae, Monera)

Superkingdom Eukarya (Eukaryotae)

Kingdom Protoctista
Kingdom Animalia
Kingdom Fungi
Kingdom Plantae
Subkingdom Bryata
Phyla Bryophyta, Hepatophyta, Anthocerophyta
Subkingdom Tracheata
Phyla Lycophyta, Psilophyta, Sphenophyta (= Equisetophyta), Filicinophyta (= Pterophyta, Pterodatina, Pteridophyta), Cycadophyta, Ginkgophyta, Conipherophyta, Gnetophyta, Anthophyta (= Angiospermophyta, Magnoliophyta)

Ruggiero et al. (2015)

Ruggiero, M.A., Gordon, D.P., Orrell, T.M., Bailly, N., Bourgoin, T., Brusca, R.C., Cavalier-Smith, T., Guiry, M. D. & Kirk, P. M. (2015). A Higher Level Classification of All Living Organisms. PLoS ONE 10(4): e0119248, [9].

Superkingdom Eukaryota
Kingdom Plantae [= Archaeplastida]
Subkingdom Biliphyta
Phylum Glaucophyta
Phylum Rhodophyta
Subkingdom Viridiplantae
Infrakingdom Chlorophyta
Infrakingdom Streptophyta
Superphylum Charophyta
Superphylum Embryophyta
Phylum Anthocerotophyta
Phylum Bryophyta
Phylum Marchantiophyta
Phylum Tracheophyta

References

Margulis, L. 1971. Whittaker's five kingdoms of organisms: minor revisions suggested by considerations of the origin of mitosis. Evolution 25: 242–245, [10].
Pirani, J.R. & Prado, J. 2012. Embryopsida, a new name for the class of land plants. Taxon, 61(5), 1096–1098. ResearchGate
Rothmaler, W. 1948. ber das natürliche System der Organismen. Biologisches Zentralblatt. 67: 242–250.

Links

Embryophytes - Taxon details on Tela Botanica.

Vernacular names

беларуская: Вышэйшыя расліны polski: Rośliny telomowe, rośliny wyższe 中文: 有胚植物