Ajuga chamaepitys

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Cladus: Lamiids
Ordo: Lamiales

Familia: Lamiaceae
Subfamilia: Ajugoideae
Genus: Ajuga
Species: Ajuga chamaepitys
Subspecies: A. c. subsp. chamaepitys – A. c. subsp. chia – A. c. subsp. cuneatifolia – A. c. subsp. cypria – A. c. subsp. euphratica – A. c. subsp. glareosa – A. c. subsp. laevigata – A. c. subsp. libanotica – A. c. subsp. mardinensis – A. c. subsp. mesogitana – A. c. subsp. palaestina – A. c. subsp. rechingeri – A. c. subsp. suffrutescens – A. c. subsp. tridactylites
Name

Ajuga chamaepitys (L.) Schreb., Pl. Verticill. Unilab. Gen. Sp.: 24. 1774.
Synonyms

Basionym
Teucrium chamaepitys L., Sp. Pl. 2: 562. 1753.
Lectotype: LINN-722.5, designated by Hedge in Taxon 50(2): 520. 2001.
Homotypic
Bugula chamaepitys (L.) Scop., Fl. Carniol., ed. 2, 1: 417. 1771.
Bulga chamaepitys (L.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 513. 1891.
Chamaepitys trifida Dumort., Fl. Belg.: 42. 1827, nom. nov..
Chamaepitys chia subsp. trifida (Dumort.) Kmet'ová, Fl. Slovenska 5(1): 189. 1993.
Chamaepitys vulgaris Link, Handbuch 1: 453. 1829, nom. illeg.
Chamaepitys vulgaris Hill, Brit. Herb. 371. 1756, opus utiq. oppr.

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Europe
Regional: Middle Europe
Austria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands (extinct), Poland, Switzerland.
Regional: Southwestern Europe
Baleares, France, Portugal, Sardegna, Spain.
Regional: Southeastern Europe
Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Kriti, Romania, Sicilia, Turkey-in-Europe, Yugoslavia.
Regional: Eastern Europe
Krym, Central European Russia (introduced),, South European Russia, Ukraine.
Continental: Africa
Regional: Northern Africa
Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia.
Continental: Asia-Temperate
Regional: Middle Asia
Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan.
Regional: Caucasus
North Caucasus, Transcaucasus.
Regional: Western Asia
Cyprus, East Aegean Islands, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon-Syria, Palestine, Sinai, Turkey.
Regional: Arabian Peninsula
Saudi Arabia.
Continental: Northern America (introduced)
Regional: Southeastern U.S.A.
Maryland, Virginia.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references

Schreber, J.C.D.v. 1774. Plantarum Verticillatarum Unilabiatarum genera et species. Sigfr. Leb. Crusius, Leipzig. Reference page.
Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus II: 562. Reference page. (basionym)
Scopoli, J.A. 1771. Flora Carniolica exhibens plantas Carnioliae indigenas et distributas in classes, genera, species, varietates, ordine Linnaeano. Editio secunda aucta et reformata. Tom. I. lxxii + 448 pp., tab. 1–32, Vindobona: Impensis Ioannis Pauli Krauss. BHL Biblioteca Digital Reference page.

Additional references

Jarvis, C.E., Cafferty, S. & Forrest, L.L. (eds.) 2001. Typification of Linnaean plant names in Lamiaceae (Labiatae). Taxon 50(2): 507–523. DOI: 10.2307/1223898 JSTOR Reference page.
Greuter, W., Burdet, H.M. & Long, G. (eds.) 1986. Med-Checklist. A critical inventory of vascular plants of the circum-mediterranean countries. Vol. 3: Dicotyledones (Convolvulaceae – Labiatae). cxxix + 395 pp., Conservatoire et Jardin Botanique, Genève, ISBN 2-8277-0153-7. Online version. Reference page. p. 276. (online)
Holub, J. 1974. New names in Phanerogamae 3. Folia Geobotanica & Phytotaxonomica 9(3): 261–275. DOI: 10.1007/BF02853148 Reference page.
Stafleu, F.A. & Cowan, R.S. 1979. Taxonomic literature. A selective guide to botanical publications and collections with dates, commentaries and types. Second edition. Volume II: H-Le. Regnum Veg. 98: 200–201.

Links

Buttler, K.P., Thieme, M. & collborators 2014. Florenliste von Deutschland – Gefäßpflanzen, Version 6. Frankfurt am Main, August 2014, published on the internet (http://www.kp-buttler.de).
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Ajuga chamaepitys in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 09-Oct-10.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2015. Ajuga chamaepitys in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2015 Mar. 14. Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2015. Ajuga chamaepitys. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2015 Mar. 14.
International Plant Names Index. 2015. Ajuga chamaepitys. Published online. Accessed: 14 Mar. 2015.

Vernacular names
العربية: عجوقة أرض
català: Iva artètica
Cymraeg: Glesyn-y-coed pêr
Deutsch: Gelber Günsel
English: Yellow bugle, Ground pine
suomi: Rohtoakankaali
français: Bugle Petit Pin
hrvatski: Žuta ivica
hornjoserbsce: Žołty zběhowc
Nederlands: Akkerzenegroen
polski: Dąbrówka żółtokwiatowa
svenska: Gulsuga

Ajuga chamaepitys is a species of flowering plant of the family Lamiaceae. Popularly known as yellow bugle or ground-pine,[1] the plant has many of the same characteristics and properties as Ajuga reptans. A. chamaepitys can be found in Europe, the Eastern part of the Mediterranean, and North Africa.[2]
Description

Ajuga chamaepitys is a small herbaceous perennial that reaches 10–40 cm in height. The leaves have an opposite arrangement. It's flowering season is generally in late spring. Ground pine is a plant whose richness has been severely reduced by changes to downland farming. At first sight, A. chamaepitys looks like a tiny pine tree with a reddish purple four-cornered hairy stem. The leaves can get up to 4 cm long, and are divided into three linear lobes which, when crushed, have a smell similar to pine needles. Ground pine sheds its shiny black seeds close to the parent plant and the seeds can remain alive in the soil for up to 50 years.[2]
Herbal use

Ajuga chamaepitys has stimulant, diuretic and emmenagogue action and is considered by herbalists to form a good remedy for gout and rheumatism and also to be useful in female disorders. Ground pine is a plant well known to Tudor herbalists who exploited the resins contained within the leaves. The herb was formerly regarded almost as a specific in gouty and rheumatic affections. The plant leaves were dried and reduced to powder.[3] It formed an ingredient of the once famous gout remedy, Portland Powder. It was composed of the leaves of A. Chamaepitys, which has a slightly turpentine-like smell and a rough taste, with properties described as being similar to diluted alcohol.[2]

References

BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
Grieve, M. A Modern Herbal: The Medicinal, Culinary, Cosmetic and Economic Properties, Cultivation and Folk-lore of Herbs, Grasses, Fungi, Shrubs & Trees with their Modern Scientific Uses. Dover Publications Inc., 1971
flowersinisrael.com