Correa

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Rosids
Cladus: Eurosids II
Ordo: Sapindales

Familia: Rutaceae
Subfamilia: Zanthoxyloideae
Genus: Correa
Species: C. aemula – C. alba – C. backhouseana – C. bauerlenii – C. calycina – C. decumbens – C. eburnea – C. glabra – C. lawrenceana – C. pulchella – C. reflexa
Nothospecies: C. x harrisii – C. x rubra
Source(s) of checklist:
Name

Correa Andrews, Bot. Repos. ad t. 18. (1798), nom. cons.

Type species: Correa alba Andrews, Bot. Repos. t. 18. (1798)

Synonyms

Antommarchia Colla
Didimeria Lindl.
Euphocarpus Anderson ex R.Br.
Huegelia R.Br. ex Endl.
Mazeutoxeron Labill.

Homonyms

Correa M.E.Becerra = Dialium L.

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Australasia
Regional: Australia
New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia, Tasmania, Victoria, Western Australia
Introduced into:
Great Britain

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references

Andrews, H.C. 1797. Botanists' Repository, for New, and Rare Plants. Vol. 1, pl. 1–72. London. BHL Reference page. : 1: t. 18

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Correa in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2020 Jan 01. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2020. Correa. Published online. Accessed: Jan 01 2020. Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2020. Correa. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 01 Jan 2020.

Vernacular names
中文: 雀儿豆属

Correa is a genus of eleven species of flowering plants in the family Rutaceae that are endemic to Australia. Plants in the genus Correa are shrubs to small trees with simple leaves arranged in opposite pairs, bisexual flowers with four sepals, four petals usually fused for most of their length and eight stamens.
Description

Plants in the genus Correa are shrubs to small trees with simple leaves arranged in opposite pairs. The flowers are bisexual and are arranged in cymes in leaf axils or on the ends of branchlets. The four sepals are fused, at least at the base, forming a cup-shaped calyx. The four petals are usually fused for most of their length to form a tubular corolla and the eight stamens are free from each other. There are four carpels fused at the base, the four styles are fused and the stigma is similar to the style. The follicles contain up to two dull brown seed that are released explosively.[2][3][4]
Taxonomy

The genus Correa was first formally described in 1798 by Henry Cranke Andrews in The Botanist's Repository for New, and Rare Plants and the first species he described was Correa alba.[5][6] The genus is named after the Portuguese botanist José Correia da Serra (1750–1823), known as Abbé Correa.[7]
Species list

The following is a list of species, subspecies and varieties of Correa accepted by the Australian Plant Census as at July 2020:[8]

Correa aemula (Lindl.) F.Muell. (S.A., Vic.) - hairy correa
Correa alba Andrews (S.A., N.S.W., Vic., Tas.) - white correa
C. alba Andrews var. alba (N.S.W., Vic., Tas.)
C. alba var. pannosa Paul G.Wilson (S.A., Vic.) - velvet white correa
C. alba Andrews var. rotundifolia DC (Tas.) - Dunally correa
Correa backhouseana Hook. (W.A., S.A., Vic., Tas.)
C. backhouseana Hook. var. backhouseana (Vic., Tas.) - coast correa, velvet correa
C. backhouseana var. coriacea (Paul G.Wilson) Paul G.Wilson (W.A., S.A.)
C. backhouseana var. orbicularis Paul G.Wilson (Kangaroo Island) - round-leaf correa
Correa baeuerlenii F.Muell. (N.S.W.) - chef's hat correa
Correa calycina J.M.Black (S.A.) - South Australian green correa
Correa calycina J.M.Black var. calycina (S.A.) - Hindmarsh correa
Correa calycina var. halmaturorum Paul G.Wilson (S.A.) - De Mole River correa
Correa decumbens F.Muell. (S.A.) - spreading correa
Correa eburnea Paul G.Wilson (S.A.) - Deep Creek correa
Correa glabra Lindl. (S.A., Qld., N.S.W., Vic.) - rock correa
C. glabra Lindl. var. glabra (Qld., N.S.W., Vic.)
C. glabra var. leucoclada (Lindl.) Paul G.Wilson (S.A.,N.S.W.)
C. glabra var. turnbullii (Ashby) Paul G.Wilson (S.A.) - narrow-bell correa
Correa lawrenceana Hook. (N.S.W., A.C.T., Vic. Tas.) - mountain correa
C. lawrenceana var. cordifolia Paul G.Wilson (N.S.W., A.C.T., Vic.) - pink mountain-correa
C. lawrenceana var. genoensis Paul G.Wilson Paul G.Wilson (N.S.W., Vic.) - Genoa River correa.
C. lawrenceana var. glandulifera Paul G.Wilson (Qld., N.S.W.)
C. lawrenceana var. grampiana Paul G.Wilson (Vic.) - Grampians mountain-correa
C. lawrenceana. var. latrobeana (F.Muell. ex Hannaford) Paul G.Wilson (N.S.W., Vic.)
C. lawrenceana Hook. var. lawrenceana (Tas., A.C.T.)
C. lawrenceana var. macrocalyx (Blakely) Paul G.Wilson (N.S.W.)
C. lawrenceana var. rosea Paul G.Wilson (N.S.W.) - red mountain correa
Correa pulchella Sweet (S.A.) - salmon correa
Correa reflexa (Labill.) Vent. (S.A., Qld., N.S.W., A.C.T., Vic., Tas.) - common correa, native fuchsia
C. reflexa (Labill.) Vent. var. reflexa - Common Correa
C. reflexa var. angustifolia Paul G.Wilson (Vic.) - Grampians correa
C. reflexa var. insularis Paul G.Wilson (S.A.)
C. reflexa var. lobata Paul G.Wilson (Vic.) - Powelltown correa
C. reflexa var. nummulariifolia (Hook.f.) Paul G.Wilson (Tas.) - roundleaf correa
C. reflexa Paul G.Wilson var. reflexa (S.A., Qld., N.S.W., A.C.T., Vic., Tas.) - western correa
C. reflexa var. scabridula Paul G.Wilson (S.A., Vic.) - western correa
C. reflexa var. speciosa (Donn ex Andrews) Paul G.Wilson (N.S.W., Vic.) - eastern correa

Use in horticulture

Many Correa hybrids are grown in Australian gardens. They are generally easy to grow. Correa alba and C. glabra varieties are the hardiest withstanding heavy frost and severe droughts. They can be grown in either full sun or a partly shaded spot in the garden. Correa glabra varieties have fragrant leaves. Correa lawrenceana is the largest of the correas. These need to be grown in the shade and do best in an understorey habitat. They are highly attractive to birds for both nectar and nest sites and are ideally planted in a thicket. Correa pulchella varieties produce the most beautiful coloured bells ranging from pale pink to deep orange to carmine. They need to be grown in part shade and watered regularly. Correa reflexa varieties range in colour from green to deep red. They also need to be grown in a partly shaded position and watered regularly. Some Correa species, such as C. eburnea and C. calycina, are endangered and difficult to obtain in the nursery trade.

There are also hundreds of named cultivars, many of which have been registered with the Australian Cultivar Registration Authority (ACRA).

In cultivation in the UK the following species and cultivars have received the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit:-

Correa backhouseana[9]
Correa pulchella[10]
Correa reflexa[11]
Correa 'Dusky Bells'[12]
Correa 'Mannii' [13]

References

"Correa". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 9 July 2020.
Duretto, Marco F. "Correa". Royal Botanic Gardens, Victoria. Retrieved 9 July 2020.
Wilson, Paul G. Wilson, Annette J.G.; Bolton, P.E. (eds.). "Correa". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment: Canberra. Retrieved 9 July 2020.
Porteners, Marianne F.; Weston, Peter H. "Genus Correa". Royal Botanic Garden Sydney. Retrieved 9 July 2020.
"Correa". APNI. Retrieved 9 July 2020.
Andrews, Henry Cranke (1798). The Botanist's Repository for New, and Rare Plants. London: H.C.Andrews. p. 18. Retrieved 9 July 2020.
1911 edition of Encyclopædia Britannica.
"Correa". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 9 July 2020.
"Correa backhouseana". RHS. Retrieved 12 April 2020.
"Correa puchella". RHS. Retrieved 12 April 2020.
"Correa reflexa". RHS. Retrieved 12 April 2020.
"Correa 'Dusky Bells'". RHS. Retrieved 12 April 2020.
"Correa 'Mannii'". RHS. Retrieved 12 April 2020.