Eleocharis acicularis

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Orthokaryota
Cladus: Neokaryota
Cladus: Photokaryota
Cladus: Diaphoretickes
Cladus: CAM
Regnum*: Archaeplastida
Regnum: Plantae
Regnum*: Viridiplantae
Cladus: Streptophyta
Cladus: Phragmoplastophyta
Regnum*: Embryophyta
Divisio*: Tracheophyta
Cladus: Euphyllophytina
Cladus: Megaphylla
Cladus: Radiatopses
Cladus: Lignophyta
Cladus: Metalignophyta
Phylum*: Spermatophyta
Cladus: Angiospermae
Cladus: Mesangiospermae
Cladus: Monocota
Cladus: Commelinids
Ordo: Poales

Familia: Cyperaceae
Subfamilia: Cyperoideae
Tribus: Eleocharideae
Genus: Eleocharis
Species: Eleocharis acicularis
Varietates: E. a. var. acicularis – E. a. var. porcata
Name

Eleocharis acicularis (L.) Roem. & Schult., Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 2: 154 (1817).
Synonyms

Basionym
Scirpus acicularis L., Sp. Pl.: 48 (1753).
Homotypic
Mariscus acicularis (L.) Moench, Methodus: 350 (1794).
Cyperus acicularis (L.) With., Arr. Brit. Pl. ed. 3, 2: 78 (1796).
Isolepis acicularis (L.) Schltdl., Fl. Berol. 1: 36 (1823).
Clavula acicularis (L.) Dumort., Fl. Belg.: 143 (1827).
Limnochloa acicularis (L.) Rchb. in J.C.Mössler & H.G.L.Reichenbach, Handb. Gewächsk. ed. 2, 3: 1808 (1830).
Scirpidium aciculare (L.) Nees, Linnaea 9: 293 (1834).
Chaetocyperus acicularis (L.) Nees in C.F.P.von Martius & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Bras. 2(1): 94 (1842).
Trichophyllum aciculare (L.) House, Amer. Midl. Naturalist 6: 204 (1920).
Eleocharis acicularis var. typica Svenson, Rhodora 31: 184 (1929), not validly publ.

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Temp. Northern Hemisphere to W. South America
Afghanistan; Alabama; Alaska; Albania; Alberta; Arizona; Arkansas; Austria; Baltic States; Belarus; Belgium; Bolivia; British Columbia; Bulgaria; California; Caroline Is.; Central European Rus; Colombia; Colorado; Connecticut; Corse; Costa Rica; Czechoslovakia; Delaware; Denmark; District of Columbia; East European Russia; Ecuador; El Salvador; Finland; Florida; France; Georgia; Germany; Gilbert Is.; Great Britain; Greece; Greenland; Guatemala; Haiti; Honduras; Hungary; Iceland; Idaho; Illinois; Indiana; Iowa; Iran; Ireland; Italy; Kansas; Kazakhstan; Kentucky; Labrador; Louisiana; Maine; Manitoba; Maryland; Masachusettes; Mexico Central; Mexico Gulf; Mexico Northeast; Mexico Northwest; Mexico Southeast; Mexico Southwest; Michigan; Minnesota; Mississippi; Missouri; Mongolia; Montana; Morocco; Nansei-shoto; Nebraska; Netherlands; Nevada; New Brunswick; New Hampshire; New Jersey; New Mexico; New York; Newfoundland; North Carolina; North Caucasus; North Dakota; North European Russi; Northwest European R; Northwest Territorie; Norway; Nova Scotia; Nunavut; Ohio; Oklahoma; Ontario; Oregon; Panam; Pennsylvania; Philippines; Poland; Portugal; Prince Edward I.; Qubec; Rhode I.; Romania; Saskatchewan; South Carolina; South Dakota; South European Russi; Spain; Sumatera; Sweden; Switzerland; Taiwan; Tennessee; Texas; Transcaucasus; Turkey; Turkey-in-Europe; Tuva; Ukraine; Utah; Venezuela; Vermont; Vietnam; Virginia; Washington; West Virginia; Wisconsin; Wyoming; Yugoslavia; Yukon

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references

Roemer, J.J. & Schultes, J.A. 1817. Caroli a Linné equitis Systema Vegetabilium secundum classes ordines genera species. Cum characteribus, differentiis et synonymiis. Editio nova, speciebus inde ab editione XV. detectis aucta et locupletata. Vol. 1. XXVIII+642 pp. Sumtibus J. G. Cottae, Stuttgardtiae [Stuttgart]. BHL Reference page. : 2:154.

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Eleocharis acicularis in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2020 Feb 14. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2020. Eleocharis acicularis. Published online. Accessed: Feb 14 2020. Reference page.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Eleocharis acicularis in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2020 Feb 14. Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2020. Eleocharis acicularis. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 14 Feb 2020.
USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. [1]

Vernacular names
dansk: Nålesumpstrå
Deutsch: Nadel-Sumpfsimse, Nadelried
English: needle spikerush, needle spike-rush
suomi: Hapsiluikka
français: Scirpe Épingle
日本語: マツバイ
Nederlands: Naaldwaterbies
polski: Ponikło igłowate
українська: Ситняг голчастий
中文: 牛毛顫

Eleocharis acicularis is a species of spikesedge known by the common names needle spikerush[2] and least spikerush. It is widespread across Europe, central and southeastern Asia, North America and northeastern South America as far south as Ecuador.[3] It is also found in Australia, where it is probably an introduced species.[4]

Eleocharis acicularis is an annual or perennial spikesedge with long, grasslike stems to about 15 centimeters (6 inches) in height, shorter in bog conditions, from a creeping rhizome. In shallow water it will form short spikes of tiny flowers amongst flat overlapping bracts. The tiny flowers are less than five millimeters in diameter and are borne at the tip of each stem in single, sharply pointed, lanceoloid spikelets up to about six millimeters long. This is a plant of marshes, vernal pools, and bogs.[4]

Eleocharis acicularis is sold commercially as an aquascape plant suitable for inclusion in artificial aquatic environments. It thrives with plenty of light and a high concentration of carbon dioxide.[5][6]

The specific epithet, acicularis, is derived from Latin and means "needle-shaped".[7]
Varieties

Two varieties are recognized:[3]

Eleocharis acicularis var. acicularis – most of species range
Eleocharis acicularis var. porcata S.G.Sm. – western North America from Alberta south to New Mexico and Louisiana

References

"The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species". Retrieved 4 January 2015.
NRCS. "Eleocharis acicularis". PLANTS Database. United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 18 January 2016.
Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
Flora of North America, Vol. 23 Page 108, Eleocharis acicularis (Linnaeus) Roemer & Schultes in J. J. Roemer et al., Syst. Veg. 2: 154. 1817.
Roe, Colin D. (1967), A Manual of Aquarium Plants, Shirley Aquatics, Solihull
"Aquascaping World Plantpedia, Eleocharis acicularis". Archived from the original on 2014-07-28. Retrieved 2014-07-25.
Eggli, Urs; Newton, Leonard E. (2004). Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. p. 1. ISBN 978-3-540-00489-9. Retrieved 14 November 2018.