Eleocharis quadrangulata

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Monocots
Cladus: Commelinids
Ordo: Poales

Familia: Cyperaceae
Subfamilia: Cyperoideae
Tribus: Eleocharideae
Genus: Eleocharis
Species: Eleocharis quadrangulata
Name

Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michx.) Roem. & Schult., Syst. Veg., ed. 15 bis 2: 155 (1817).
Synonyms

Basionym
Scirpus quadrangulatus Michx., Fl. Bor.-Amer. 1: 30 (1803).
Homotypic
Limnochloa quadrangulata (Michx.) Nees, Linnaea 9: 294 (1834).
Eleocharis quadrangulata var. typica Fernald, Rhodora 37: 393 (1935), not validly publ.
Heterotypic
Eleocharis quadrangulata var. crassior Fernald, Rhodora 37: 393 (1935).

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Northern America
Alabama; Arkansas; California; Connecticut; Delaware; District of Columbia; Florida; Georgia; Illinois; Indiana; Kansas; Kentucky; Louisiana; Maryland; Masachusettes; Mexico Northeast; Mexico Southwest; Michigan; Mississippi; Missouri; New Jersey; New York; North Carolina; Ohio; Oklahoma; Ontario; Pennsylvania; South Carolina; Tennessee; Texas; Virginia; West Virginia; Wisconsin

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references

Roemer, J.J. & Schultes, J.A. 1817. Caroli a Linné equitis Systema Vegetabilium secundum classes ordines genera species. Cum characteribus, differentiis et synonymiis. Editio nova, speciebus inde ab editione XV. detectis aucta et locupletata. Vol. 1. XXVIII+642 pp. Sumtibus J. G. Cottae, Stuttgardtiae [Stuttgart]. BHL Reference page. : 2: 155.

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Eleocharis quadrangulata in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 Feb 16. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2020. Eleocharis quadrangulata. Published online. Accessed: Feb 16 2020.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Eleocharis quadrangulata in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 Feb 16. Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2020. Eleocharis quadrangulata. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2020 Feb 16.
Integrated Taxonomic Information System online database ITIS TSN:40021

Vernacular names

Eleocharis quadrangulata is a species of spikesedge known by the common names square-stem spikerush and four-angled spikerush. It is native to eastern and central North America (from Texas and Florida north to Ontario and Massachusetts), with additional populations in California, Oregon, and west-central Mexico (Durango, Jalisco, etc.).[1][2][3][4] It grows in and around freshwater in lakes, ponds, and other bodies of water. It is a rhizomatous perennial herb growing one half to one meter in height. The spongy, compressible stem is a few millimeters wide and sharply four-angled. The inflorescence is a single spikelet 1.5 to 7.5 centimeters long which is made up of several flowers covered in light brown bracts.[5]
References

Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
Flora of North America, Eleocharis quadrangulata (Michaux) Roemer & Schultes in J. J. Roemer et al., Syst. Veg. 2: 155. 1817.
Biota of North America Program, 2013 county distribution map
McVaugh, R. 1993. Cyperaceae. 13: 225–440. In R. McVaugh (ed.) Flora Novo-Galiciana. The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
Espejo Serna, A. & López-Ferrari, A.R. (1997). Las Monocotiledóneas Mexicanas una Sinopsis Florística 5: 1-98. Consejo Nacional de la Flora de México, México D.F..