Juncus gerardii

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Monocots
Cladus: Commelinids
Ordo: Poales

Familia: Juncaceae
Genus: Juncus
Species: Juncus gerardi
Subspecies: J. g. subsp. atrofuscus – J. g. subsp. gerardi – J. g. subsp. montanus
Name

Juncus gerardi Loisel., J. Bot. (Desvaux) 2: 284. 1809. (often named "Juncus gerardii", but published as "Juncus gerardi" (honoring Louis Gérard 1733–1819; Latin form "Gerardus" exists).
Synonyms

Homotypic
Juncus bulbosus var. gerardi (Loisel.) A.Gray, Manual, ed. 2: 483. 1856.
Juncus compressus subsp. gerardi (Loisel.) Hartm., Sv. Norsk Exc.-Fl.: 48. 1846.
Tenageia gerardi (Loisel.) Fourr., Ann. Soc. Linn. Lyon, n.s., 17: 172. 1869.

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Europe
Regional: Northern Europe
Denmark, Finland, Great Britain, Ireland, Norway, Sweden.
Regional: Middle Europe
Austria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland.
Regional: Southwestern Europe
Corse, France, Portugal, Sardegna, Spain.
Regional: Southeastern Europe
Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Romania, Sicilia, Turkey-in-Europe, Yugoslavia.
Regional: Eastern Europe
Baltic States, Krym, Central European Russia, East European Russia, North European Russia, South European Russia, Northwest European Russia, Ukraine.
Continental: Africa
Regional: Northern Africa
Algeria, Morocco.
Continental: Asia-Temperate
Regional: Siberia
Altay, Irkutsk, Krasnoyarsk, Tuva, West Siberia.
Regional: Russian Far East
Magadan (introduced).
Regional: Middle Asia
Kazakhstan, Kirgizstan, Turkmenistan, Tadzhikistan, Uzbekistan.
Regional: Caucasus
North Caucasus, Transcaucasus.
Regional: Western Asia
East Aegean Islands, Turkey.
Regional: China
Xinjiang.
Regional: Mongolia
Mongolia.
Continental: Australasia (introduced)
Regional: Australia
Victoria.
Regional: New Zealand
New Zealand North, New Zealand South.
Continental: Northern America
Regional: Subarctic America
Greenland (introduced).
Regional: Western Canada
British Columbia, Manitoba.
Regional: Eastern Canada
New Brunswick, Newfoundland, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Québec.
Regional: Northwestern U.S.A.
Colorado, Montana, Oregon, Washington.
Regional: North-Central U.S.A.
Illinois, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, North Dakota, Wisconsin.
Regional: Northeastern U.S.A.
Connecticut, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont.
Regional: Southwestern U.S.A.
Utah.
Regional: Southeastern U.S.A.
Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland, Virginia.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references

Loiseleur-Deslongchamps, J. 1809. Journal de Botanique, Rédigé par une Société de Botanistes. [Edited by Desvaux]. Paris 2: 284

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2022. Juncus gerardi in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2022 Mar 06. Reference page.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2018. Juncus gerardi in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2018 Sep 25. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2017. Juncus gerardi. Published online. Accessed: Sept. 24 2017.

Tropicos.org 2017. Juncus gerardi. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 24 Sept. 2017.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Juncus gerardi in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 08-Apr-12.

Vernacular names
Deutsch: Bodden-Binse
English: Saltmarsh Rush
eesti: Tuderluga
suomi: Suolavihvilä
français: Jonc de Gérard
Nederlands: Zilte Rus
polski: Sit Gerarda

Juncus gerardii, commonly known as blackgrass, black needle rush or saltmarsh rush, is a flowering plant in the rush family Juncaceae.
Distribution

Juncus gerardii is mainly a coastal species, occurring at the high tide mark on the Mediterranean, Atlantic, Baltic and Black sea shorelines of Europe and the east coast of North America [1] Juncus gerardii is one of the many species identified by Eric Hultén as amphi-Atlantic plants, meaning that they have a disjunct distribution on both sides of the Atlantic, but are absent on the Pacific side of the globe.[2]: 172  It also occurs inland in parts of eastern Europe, west and central Asia, particularly on saline soils. In North America it occurs along the shorelines of areas once flooded by the sea, and as a weed along railway lines, for example in Minnesota.[2] In Indiana, it is the only Juncus species found in the Tipton Till Plain, a Till Plain in the Glacial till plains.[3]
References

Anderberg, Arne. "Den Virtuella Floran, Juncus gerardii L." Naturhistoriska riksmuseet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Hultén, Eric. The amphi-Atlantic plants and their phytogeographical connections. Stockholm, Sweden: Almqvist & Wiksell.
Lamerson, Virginia (1950). "Coastal plains flora in Indiana botanical areas". Butler University Botanical Studies. 9 (1): 188–196.