Limodorum

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Monocots
Ordo: Asparagales

Familia: Orchidaceae
Subfamilia: Epidendroideae
Tribus: Neottieae
Genus: Limodorum
Overview of species (3)

L. abortivum – L. rubriflorum – L. trabutianum
Name

Limodorum Boehm., Defin. Gen. Pl.: 358 (1760), nom. cons.

Type species: Limodorum abortivum (L.) Sw. (1799)

Synonymy

Homotypic
Centrosis Sw., Adnot. Bot.: 52 (1829), nom. illeg.
Jonorchis Beck, Fl. Nieder-Österreich 1: 215 (1890), nom. superfl.
Heterotypic
Limodoron St.-Lag., Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon 7: 129 (1880), orth. var.
Lequeetia Bubani, Fl. Pyren. 4: 57 (1901)

Homonyms

Limodorum L., Species Plantarum 950. (1753) - vide: Calopogon [[Robert Brown|]], Hortus Kewensis; or, a Catalogue of the Plants Cultivated in the Royal Botanic Garden at Kew. London (2nd ed.) 5: 204–205. (1813)
Limodorum Ludw. ex Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 671 (1891), nom. illeg. - vide: Epipactis Zinn, Cat. Pl. Hort. Gott.: 85 (1757), nom. cons. nom. cons.

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Europe
Middle Europe
Austria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Hungary, Switzerland.
Southwestern Europe
Baleares, Corse, France, Portugal, Sardegna, Spain.
Southeastern Europe
Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Kriti, Romania, Sicilia, Yugoslavia.
Eastern Europe
Krym.
Africa
Northern Africa
Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia.
Asia-Temperate
Caucasus
North Caucasus, Transcaucasus.
Western Asia
Cyprus, East Aegean Islands, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon-Syria, Palestine, Turkey.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references

Boehmer, G.R. 1760. Definitiones Generum Plantarum 358.
Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.W. & Rasmussen, F.N. (eds.) 2006. Genera Orchidacearum Volume 4 Epidendroideae (Part one); page 506 ff., Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-850712-7. Reference page.

Links

Global Biodiversity Information Facility. 2022. GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset. Taxon: Limodorum. Accessed: 2022 Jan 30.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2022. Limodorum in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2022 Jan 30. Reference page.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2022. Limodorum in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2022 Jan 30. Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2022. Limodorum. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2022. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2022 Jan 30. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2022. Limodorum. Published online. Accessed: 30 Jan 2022.
Tropicos.org 2022. Limodorum. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 30 Jan 2022.

Vernacular names

Deutsch: Dingel
English: Limodore
français: Limodore
hornjoserbsce: Pihawka
удмурт: Лимодорум
中文: 丛宝兰属

Limodorum is a genus of myco-heterotrophic orchids. All species are temperate terrestrial plants and occur across much of Europe, North-West Africa, the Mediterranean Islands, and as far east as Iran. [2] Plants have evolved away from photosynthesis and as a result their leaves are reduced to scales. There is still chlorophyll present but the plants are believed to be solely dependent on their fungal partner for nutrients. They spend most of their life underground as a short stem with fleshy roots, the unbranched inflorescence can appear in April to June if conditions are favourable. [3]

The name finds its origin in "haemodoron", first applied by Theophrastus and later adopted by Jacques Daléchamps to refer to parasitic plants most likely in Orobanche. [4] The name is derived from the Greek “leimo-” (meadow) and “dōron,” (gift). [5]

Species

A very long list of names has been proposed over the years. Most of these species, once part of Limodorum, have been transferred to other genera. There are currently three recognised species in Limodorum:[1][6]

Limodorum abortivum (L.) Swartz - Central Europe, the Mediterranean region as far east as Iran and the Caucasus
Limodorum trabutianum Bartolo & Pulv. - Turkey
Limodorum rubriflorum Batt. - Spain, Portugal, Balearic Islands, Sardinia, Sicily, mainland Italy, Algeria, Morocco