Macroptilium lathyroides

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Diaphoretickes
Cladus: CAM
Cladus: Archaeplastida
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Rosids
Cladus: Eurosids I
Ordo: Fabales

Familia: Fabaceae
Subfamilia: Faboideae
Tribus: Phaseoleae
Subtribus: Phaseolinae
Genus: Macroptilium
Species: Macroptilium lathyroides
Name

Macroptilium lathyroides (L.) Urb., 1928
Synonyms

Lotus maritimus Vell., Fl. Flum. 314
Macroptilium lathyroides var. bustarretianum Stehlé & Quentin
Macroptilium lathyroides var. semierectum (L.) Urb., Symb. Antill. 9(4): 457 (1928)
Phasellus lathyroides (L.) Moench, Meth. 140 (1794)
Phaseolus candidus f. maritimus (Benth.) Hassl.
Phaseolus cinnabarinus Salisb.
Phaseolus crotalarioides Mart. ex Benth., Comm. Leg. Gen. (Ann. Wien. Mus. 2: 140: 1839) 76 (1837), et Ann. Wien. Mus. 2: 140 (1838)
Phaseolus hastifolius Mart. ex Benth., Comm. Leg. Gen. (Ann. Wien. Mus. 2: 141: 1839) 77 (1837), et Ann. Wien. Mus. 2: 141 (1838)
Phaseolus lathyroides f. chacoensis Hassl., Candollea 1: 446 (1923)
Phaseolus lathyroides f. hirsutus Hassl., Candollea 1: 447 (1923)
Phaseolus lathyroides f. repandus Hassl., Candollea 1: 447 (1923)
Phaseolus lathyroides L., Sp. Pl. (ed. 2) 2: 1018 (1763)
Phaseolus lathyroides var. genuinus Hassl.
Phaseolus lathyroides var. hastifolius (Mart. ex Benth.) Hassl.
Phaseolus lathyroides var. semierectus (L.) Hassl., Candollea 1: 447 (1923)
Phaseolus maritimus (Vell.) Benth., Ann. Wien. Mus. 2: 140 (1838)
Phaseolus psoraleoides Wight & Arn., Prod. Fl. Ind. Orient. 1: 244 (1834)
Phaseolus semierectus L., Syst. Nat. (ed. 12) 2: 461 (1767)
Phaseolus semierectus var. angustifolius Benth., Fl. Bras. (Martius) 15(1): 190 (1859)
Phaseolus semierectus var. gracilis M.Gómez
Phaseolus semierectus var. nanus Benth.
Phaseolus semierectus var. subhastatus Benth., Fl. Bras. (Martius) 15(1): 190 (1859)
Phaseolus strictus A.Br. & Bouché, Ind. Sem. Hort. Berol. (1852) App. 3

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Tropical & Subtropical America
Argentina Northeast, Bahamas, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil South, Brazil Southeast, Brazil West-Central, Cayman Is., Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Florida, French Guiana, Galápagos, Georgia, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Leeward Is., Louisiana, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Mexico Southeast, Mexico Southwest, Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Peru, Puerto Rico, Southwest Caribbean, Suriname, Trinidad-Tobago, Turks-Caicos Is., Uruguay, Venezuela, Windward Is.
Introduced into:
Alabama, Bangladesh, Benin, Burkina, Chagos Archipelago, China Southeast, Cook Is., Easter Is., Ethiopia, Fiji, Gabon, India, Jawa, Kenya, Malaya, Mali, Nansei-shoto, New Caledonia, New Guinea, New South Wales, Niue, Northern Territory, Pakistan, Philippines, Queensland, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Tokelau-Manihiki, Tonga, Vietnam, Wallis-Futuna Is., Western Australia

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references

Urban, I. (ed.) 1923–1928. Symbolae Antillanae seu Fundamenta florae Indiae Occidentalis. Vol. IX. 568 pp. Fratres Borntraeger, Lipsiae [Leipzig]. BHL Reference page. : 9:457.

Additional references

Funez, L.A. & al. (2017). Fifty-five new records of vascular plants, and other discoveries for the flora of Santa Catarina, southern Brazil Webbia; Raccolta de Scritti Botanici 72: 221-275.
Forzza, R.C., Zappi, D. & Souza, V.C. (2016-continuously updated). Flora do Brasil 2020 em construção http://reflora.jbrj.gov.br/reflora/listaBrasil/ConsultaPublicaUC/ResultadoDaConsultaNovaConsulta.do.

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2021. Macroptilium lathyroides in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2021 May 19. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2021. Macroptilium lathyroides. Published online. Accessed: May 19 2021. Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2021. Macroptilium lathyroides. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 19 May 2021.
Hassler, M. 2021. Macroptilium lathyroides. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2021. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2021 May 19. Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2021. World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. . Macroptilium lathyroides. Accessed: 19 May 2021.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Macroptilium lathyroides in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 07-Oct-06.

Vernacular names
English: wild bushbean
português: Feijão-de-rola
ไทย: ถั่วผี lea
中文: 寬翼豆

Macroptilium lathyroides is a species of plant in the legume family (Fabaceae) commonly known as the phasey bean. It is the type species of genus Macroptilium. Herbaceous annual or short-lived perennial growing up to 1 m high, it is native to the tropical and subtropical areas of Central and South America, and naturalized throughout the tropics. It is cultivated for forage or as a green manure or cover crop in rotation. As it quickly spreads on disturbed soils, it is considered an environmental weed in some areas.
Description

M. lathyroides is a herbaceous annual or short-lived perennial, 0.6–1 m tall. The leaves are compound with three ovate to lanceolate leaflets, 3–8 cm long and 1–3.5 cm wide. Red to purple flowers, with wing petals larger than the lower petals, develop on long stalks. They grow paired long pods, 5.5–12 cm long, 2.5–3 mm wide, which readily shatter when mature, containing numerous seeds dispersed by winds. Seads are obliquely oblong, about 3 mm long, mottled light and dark grey-brown or black. The plant spreads readily from seed under moist conditions.[2][3]
Ecology

M. lathyroides is native to much of tropical and subtropical America, from Mexico to Argentina. It is adapted to a wide range of latitudes (up to 2000 m in Ecuador), soil types from deep sands to heavy clays, and with a pH range of (5.0–) 6.0–7.0 (–8.0). It is found in areas with annual rainfall range of 750–2,000 mm. It can tolerate moderate frost and moderate salinity.[3]

Plants tend to form dense monocultures, but once established, they combine well with open grasses, particularly under fertile conditions. Especially in shade, they readily twin with each other or other plants, reaching up to 1.5 m.[2][3]

M. lathyroides is widely naturalized across the tropical areas of the world, cultivated for forage or as a green manure or cover crop in rotation. It is regarded as a good pioneer species since it spreads easily without competition and exhibits good early growth. In some areas it is considered a minor weed of rice. In Queensland and the Northern Territory in Australia it is regarded as an environmental weed.[3]
Gallery

References

"Macroptilium lathyroides (L.) Urb". Plants of the World Online. Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 13 October 2021.
"Macroptilium lathyroides". UF/IFAS Center for Aquatic and Invasive Plants. 2014. Retrieved 2021-07-08.
"Macroptilium lathyroides". Tropical Forages. Retrieved 2021-07-08.