Phyteuma

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Orthokaryota
Cladus: Neokaryota
Cladus: Photokaryota
Cladus: Diaphoretickes
Cladus: CAM
Regnum*: Archaeplastida
Regnum: Plantae
Regnum*: Viridiplantae
Cladus: Streptophyta
Cladus: Phragmoplastophyta
Cladus: Embryophyta
Cladus: Polysporangiophyta
Divisio*: Tracheophyta
Cladus: Eutracheophyta
Cladus: Euphyllophytina
Cladus: Megaphylla
Cladus: Radiatopses
Cladus: Lignophyta
Cladus: Metalignophyta
Diviso*: Spermatophyta
Classis*: Angiospermae
Cladus: Mesangiospermae
Cladus: Eudicota
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Cladus: Campanulids
Ordo: Asterales

Familia: Campanulaceae
Subfamilia: Campanuloideae
Genus: Phyteuma
Species (22)

P. betonicifolium – P. charmelii – P. confusum – P. cordatum – P. gallicum – P. globulariifolium – P. hedraianthifolium – P. hemisphaericum – P. humile – P. michelii – P. nigrum – P. orbiculare – P. ovatum – P. persicifolium – P. rupicola – P. scheuchzeri – P. scorzonerifolium – P. serratum – P. sieberi – P. spicatum – P. tetramerum – P. vagneri
Nothospecies: (5)

P. × adulterinum – P. × huteri – P. × obornyanum – P. × orbiculariforme – P. × pyrenaeum
Name

Phyteuma L., Sp. Pl. 1: 170 (1753).

Type species: Phyteuma spicatum L., Sp. Pl. 1: 171 (1753)

Synonymy

Heterotypic
Rapunculus Mill., Gard. Dict. Abr. ed. 4: s.p. (1754).

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Europe
Northern Europe
Denmark, Great Britain, Norway.
Middle Europe
Austria, Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Germany, Hungary, Netherlands, Poland, Switzerland.
Southwestern Europe
Corse, France, Spain.
Southeastern Europe
Albania, Bulgaria, Greece, Italy, Romania, Yugoslavia.
Eastern Europe
Belarus, Baltic States, Northwest European Russia, Ukraine.
Africa
Northern Africa
Morocco.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references

Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus I: 170. Reference page.

Links

Global Biodiversity Information Facility. 2024. GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset. Taxon: Phyteuma. Accessed: 2024 Feb 4.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2024. Phyteuma in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2024 Feb 4. Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2024. Phyteuma. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2024. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2024 Feb 4. Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2024. World Plants. Synonymic Checklist and Distribution of the World Flora. . Phyteuma. Accessed: 4 Feb 2024.
International Plant Names Index. 2024. Phyteuma. Published online. Accessed: 4 Feb 2024. Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2024. Phyteuma. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 4 Feb 2024. Reference page.

Vernacular names

беларуская: Кольнік
català: Fiteuma
čeština: Zvonečník
dansk: Rapunsel
English: Rampions
eesti: Rapuntsel
suomi: Tähkämunkit
français: Raiponce
arpetan: Pathounâye
magyar: Varjúköröm
lietuvių: Glaudenė
Nederlands: Rapunzel
polski: Zerwa
русский: Кольник
slovenčina: Zerva
svenska: Rapunkler
Kiswahili: Teufelskrallen
українська: Фітеума
vèneto: Ranpusołi
中文: 牧根草属, 裂檐花属

Phyteuma is a genus of flowering plants in the family Campanulaceae, native to Europe and Morocco.[1][2][3]

The common name is rampion, a name shared with the related plant Campanula rapunculus. Rampion features prominently in some versions of the fairy tale Rapunzel. In the version collected by the Brothers Grimm, it is said that "rapunzel" is the name given to a local variety of rampion.

The species are herbaceous perennial plants, growing to 5–90 cm tall. The leaves are alternate, petiolate, and vary in shape on a single plant, with larger, broader leaves at the base of the stem and smaller, narrower leaves higher up; the leaf margin is serrated. The flowers are produced in dense erect panicles, each flower with a narrow, deeply five-lobed corolla, 1–2 cm or more long), mostly purple, sometimes pale blue, white or pink. The fruit is a capsule containing numerous small seeds.
Species

Phyteuma × adulterinum - Germany, Czech Republic (P. nigrum × P. spicatum)
Phyteuma betonicifolium - Alps
Phyteuma charmelii - Morocco, Spain, France, Italy
Phyteuma confusum - Austria, Balkans
Phyteuma cordatum - French and Italian Alps
Phyteuma gallicum - France
Phyteuma globulariifolium - Pyrenees, Alps
Phyteuma hedraianthifolium Switzerland, northern Italy
Phyteuma hemisphaericum - Spain, France, Switzerland, Germany, Austria
Phyteuma humile - France, Italy
Phyteuma × huteri Murr - Austrian Alps (P. betonicifolium × P. ovatum)
Phyteuma michelii - France, Italy
Phyteuma nigrum - Black rampion - France, Belgium, Germany, Czech Republic, Austria
Phyteuma × obornyanum - Austrian Alps (P. confusum × P. globulariifolium)
Phyteuma orbiculare - Round-headed rampion - most of Europe except Ireland, Scandinavia, Greece, Bulgaria
Phyteuma × orbiculariforme - Czech Republic (P. nigrum × P. orbiculare)
Phyteuma ovatum - Pyrenees, Alps
Phyteuma persicifolium - Slovenia, Austria, Trentino-Alto Adige, Veneto, Friuli-Venezia Giulia
Phyteuma × pyrenaeum Sennen - French Pyrenees (P. ovatum × P. spicatum)
Phyteuma rupicola - French Pyrenees
Phyteuma scheuchzeri - Alps; naturalised in Great Britain
Phyteuma scorzonerifolium Vill. - Alps
Phyteuma serratum Viv. - Corsica
Phyteuma sieberi - Alps
Phyteuma spicatum - Spiked rampion - most of Europe
Phyteuma tetramerum - Carpathians of Romania and Ukraine
Phyteuma vagneri - Carpathians of Romania and Ukraine
Phyteuma zahlbruckneri

References

Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
Lammers, T.G. (2007). World checklist and bibliography of Campanulaceae: 1-675. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
Altervista Flora Italiana, genere Phyteuma