Rhododendron ferrugineum

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Ordo: Ericales

Familia: Ericaceae
Subfamilia: Ericoideae
Tribus: Rhodoreae
Genus: Rhododendron
Subgenus: R. subg. Rhododendron
Sectio: R. sect. Rhododendron
Subsectio: R. subsect. Rhododendron
Species: Rhododendron ferrugineum
Name

Rhododendron ferrugineum L., 1753.
Synonyms

Azalea ferruginea (L.) Kuntze
Chamaerhododendron ferrugineum (L.) Bub.
Plinthocroma ferrugineum (L.) Dulac
Rhododendron intermedium Tausch

Hybrids

R. × arbutifolium – R. × halense – R. × hamondii – R. × laetevirens
Homonyms

Rhododendron ferrugineum Georgi (1775) = Rhododendron lapponicum (L.) Wahlenb.

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Europe
Austria, France, Germany, Switzerland, N-Spain (Pyrenees), Andorra, Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Macedonia, Serbia & Kosovo, Albania

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references

Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species plantarum, exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas. Tomus I. Pp. [I–XII], 1–560. Impensis Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae [Stockholm]. BHL Reference page. : 392.

Links

Hassler, M. 2020. Rhododendron ferrugineum. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2020. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2020 May 11. Reference page.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Rhododendron ferrugineum in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2020 May 11. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2020. Rhododendron ferrugineum. Published online. Accessed: May 11 2020. Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2020. Rhododendron ferrugineum. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 11 May 2020.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Rhododendron ferrugineum in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service.

Vernacular names
Alemannisch: Rosblettrigi Alperose, Alpenrose, Jüppi, jöipu, studòmeiò, Tschippubliämu, Bärgrosä, Bärgröösi, Hüenerbluemä, Auperoosä, Jippì, Alpenäägeli, Alperoose, Bergnägeli, Alperoose, Alpenegeli, Haarznegeli
català: neret, gavet, abarset, barset, boix de núria, gafet, ganxet, talabard
čeština: pěnišník rezavý
dansk: Rustbladet Alperose, Rhododendron ferrugineum 'Wietings Select', Rhododendron ferrugineum Wietings Select, Alperose (Rhododendron ferrugineum) 'Wietings Select', Alperose
Deutsch: Rostblättrige Alpenrose, Rostroter Almrausch, Rostrote Alpenrose
English: alpenrose, snow-rose, rusty-leaved alpenrose, alpine-rose, studòmeiò
español: rosa de los Alpes, azalea, azalea de montaña, bujo, la-rosa, laurel rosa, laurel-rosa, pentecostera, rododendro
suomi: Ruostealppiruusu
Nordfriisk: Alpenruus
français: Rhododendron ferrugineux, Laurier-rose des Alpes, Rosage, Rose des Alpes
hrvatski: Alpska ruža
italiano: rosa delle Alpi, rododendro rosso
日本語: アルペンローゼ
ქართული: ალპური ვარდი
Nederlands: Gewone alpenroos, Roestkleurig alpenroosje, Alpenroos
polski: różanecznik alpejski
русский: Рододендрон ржавый
srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски: Alpska ruža
slovenčina: rododendron hrdzavý
српски / srpski: Алпска ружа, Рододендрон, Слец, Црвена алпска ружа, Горска ружа
中文（简体）: 高山玫瑰杜鹃
中文（繁體）: 高山玫瑰杜鵑
中文: 高山玫瑰杜鵑, 阿爾卑斯玫瑰

Rhododendron ferrugineum, the alpenrose, snow-rose, or rusty-leaved alpenrose is an evergreen shrub that grows just above the tree line in the Alps, Pyrenees, Jura and northern Apennines, on acid soils. It is the type species for the genus Rhododendron.
Description

Rhododendron ferrugineum may grow up to 1.5 m (4.9 ft) tall and produces clusters of pinkish-red, bell-shaped flowers throughout the summer. The undersides of the leaves are covered in rust-brown spots, which give the species the second part of its binomial name (ferrugineum, Latin for 'rust-coloured, ferruginous'). This is in contrast to Rhododendron hirsutum, which has no such brown colouring, has hairy edges to the leaves and grows over limestone. Where the two species co-occur (usually on soils of intermediate pH), the hybrid Rhododendron × intermedium may occur; as its name suggests, it is intermediate in form between the two parental species.
Habitat

Rhododendron ferrugineum grows primarily on acidic siliceous soils, whereas its close relative Rhododendron hirsutum grows on basic carbonate-rich soils. These two types of soils frequently occur near each other in the Alps.
Toxicity

Rhododendron ferrugineum is moderately toxic, containing arbutin, arecoline and rhodoxanthin, and can cause vomiting, and difficulties of the digestive, nervous, respiratory and circulatory systems.[2]
References

Khela, S. (2013). "Rhododendron ferrugineum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2013: e.T203007A2758537. Retrieved 13 March 2023.
"Rhododendron (Alpen Rose - Snow-rose - Rusty-leaved Alpenrose)". 2011. Archived from the original on August 17, 2011. Retrieved 21 April 2024.