Strychnos toxifera

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Orthokaryota
Cladus: Neokaryota
Cladus: Photokaryota
Cladus: Diaphoretickes
Cladus: CAM
Regnum*: Archaeplastida
Regnum: Plantae
Regnum*: Viridiplantae
Cladus: Streptophyta
Cladus: Phragmoplastophyta
Cladus: Embryophyta
Cladus: Polysporangiophyta
Divisio*: Tracheophyta
Cladus: Eutracheophyta
Cladus: Euphyllophytina
Cladus: Megaphylla
Cladus: Radiatopses
Cladus: Lignophyta
Cladus: Metalignophyta
Diviso*: Spermatophyta
Classis*: Angiospermae
Cladus: Mesangiospermae
Cladus: Eudicota
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Cladus: Lamiids
Ordo: Gentianales

Familia: Loganiaceae
Tribus: Strychneae
Genus: Strychnos
Species: Strychnos toxifera
Name

Strychnos toxifera M.R.Schomb. ex Benth., 1841
Synonyms

Heterotypic
Strychnos syntoxica Sprague & Sandwith in Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1927: 129 (1927)
Strychnos toxifera var. acuminata Klotzsch ex Progel in C.F.P.von Martius & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Bras. 6(1): 271 (1868)
Strychnos toxifera var. latifolia Klotzsch ex Progel in C.F.P.von Martius & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Bras. 6(1): 271 (1868)
Strychnos toxifera var. obliqua Klotzsch ex Progel in C.F.P.von Martius & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Bras. 6(1): 271 (1868)

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Southern America
Regional: Western South America
Bolivia, Ecuador
Regional: Brazil
Brazil North
Regional: Northern South America
Colombia, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela
Regional: Central America
Costa Rica, Panamá

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references

Schomburgk, M.R., 1841. Journal of Botany, (Being a Second Series of the Botanical Miscellany), Containing Figures and Descriptions. London 3:240.

Links

Hassler, M. 2023. Strychnos toxifera. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2023. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2023 August 05. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2023. Strychnos toxifera. Published online. Accessed: August 05 2023. Reference page.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2023. Strychnos toxifera in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2023 August 05. Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2023. Strychnos toxifera. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 05 August 2023.
USDA, ARS, Germplasm Resources Information Network. Strychnos toxifera in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. Accessed: 07-Oct-06.

Vernacular names
English: curare tree

Strychnos toxifera, called bush rope and devil doer, is a species of flowering plant in the genus Strychnos, native to Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela, the Guianas, Brazil, Peru and Bolivia.[2] It is the principal source of calabash or gourd curare.[3]

Macusine B is an alkaloid inhibitor of adrenergic alpha-receptors and tryptamine receptors that can be isolated from Strychnos toxifera.[4]
References

Fl. Med.: 530 (1838)
"Strychnos toxifera R.H.Schomb. ex Lindl". Plants of the World Online. Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2017. Retrieved 24 December 2020.
Quattrocchi, Umberto (2012). CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants: Common Names, Scientific Names, Eponyms, Synonyms, and Etymology. p. 3607. ISBN 9781482250640.
Leonard, B. E. (November 1965). "The inhibition of adrenergic alpha-receptors and tryptamine receptors by macusine B". The Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology. 17 (11): 755–757. doi:10.1111/j.2042-7158.1965.tb07600.x. ISSN 0022-3573. PMID 4379810.