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Abies firma

Abies firma (Information about this image)

Life-forms

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Divisio: Tracheophyta
Divisio: Pinophyta
Classis: Pinopsida
Ordo: Pinales

Familia: Pinaceae
Genus: Abies
Sectio: A. sect. Momi
Species: Abies firma
Name

Abies firma Siebold & Zucc., Fl. Jap. 2: 15 (1842).
Synonyms

Homotypic
Pinus firma (Siebold & Zucc.) Antoine, Coniferen: 70 (1843).
Picea firma (Siebold & Zucc.) Sieber ex Gordon & Glend., Pinetum: 147 (1858).
Heterotypic
Abies momi Siebold, Verh. Batav. Genootsch. Kunsten 12: 12 (1830).
Abies thunbergii Lindl., Penny Cyclop. 1: 34 (1833).
Pinus bifida (Siebold & Zucc.) Antoine, Coniferen: 79 (1841).
Abies bifida Siebold & Zucc., Fl. Jap. 2: 18 (1842).
Pinus firma var. incisa Endl., Syn. Conif.: 99 (1847).
Abies firma var. momi (Siebold) Mast., Gard. Chron., n.s., 12: 199 (1879).
Abies firma var. bifida (Siebold & Zucc.) Mast., J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 18: 514 (1881).
Picea thunbergii (Lindl.) Koehne, Deut. Dendrol.: 22 (1893).
Pinus momi (Siebold) Voss, Mitt. Deutsch. Dendrol. Ges. 16: 94 (1907).

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Asia-Temperate
Eastern Asia
Japan.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Additional references

Farjon, A. 2001. World Checklist and Bibliography of Conifers. 2. ed., 309 pp. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. ISBN 1-84246-025-0 Reference page.
Farjon, A. 2010. A Handbook of the World's Conifers. 2 vols., pp. 1–526 + 527–1111, Koninklijke Brill, Leiden, Boston. ISBN 978-90-04-17718-5. Reference page.
Chang, C.-S., Kim, H. & Chang, K.-S. 2014. Provisional checklist of vascular plants for the Korea peninsula flora (KPF). 563 p. Seoul: T.B. Lee Herbarium. PDF Reference page.

Links

Katsuki, T., Zhang, D, Rushforth, K. & Farjon, A. 2013. Abies firma. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013. IUCN Red List Category: Least Concern . DOI: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T42282A2969505.en.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2021. Abies firma in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2021 March 5. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2021. Abies firma. Published online. Accessed: 5 March 2021.

Vernacular names
العربية: شوح قاسي
Deutsch: Momi-Tanne
English: Momi Fir
suomi: Momipihta
日本語: モミ
русский: Пихта твёрдая
中文: 日本冷杉

Abies firma, the momi fir, is a species of fir native to central and southern Japan, growing at low to moderate altitudes of 50–1200 m.[1]

Abies firma is a medium-sized to large evergreen coniferous tree growing to 50 metres (160 ft) tall and 2 metres (6 ft 7 in) in trunk diameter, with a broad conical crown of straight branches rising at an angle of about 20° above horizontal. The bark is scaly grey-brown, with resin blisters on young trees. The shoots are grooved, buff to grey-brown, glabrous or finely pubescent. The leaves ("needles") are flattened, 2–5 centimetres (0.79–1.97 in) long and 2–4 millimetres (0.079–0.157 in) broad, spread at nearly right angles from the shoot; the apex is sharp, bifid (double-pointed) on the leaves of young trees, single-pointed on mature trees. They are bright green above, and greyish-green below with two broad stomatal bands. The cones are 7–15 centimetres (2.8–5.9 in) long by 3–5 centimetres (1.2–2.0 in) wide, green maturing yellow-brown, tapering to a 2–3 centimetres (0.79–1.18 in) broad bluntly rounded apex. The scale bracts are exserted 3–6 millimetres (0.12–0.24 in), triangular. The seeds are 7–9 millimetres (0.28–0.35 in) long with a wedge-shaped wing 1.5 centimetres (0.59 in) long, are released after the cones disintegrate at maturity in October.

Momi fir is sometimes, but not commonly, used as an ornamental tree, particularly in warm temperate regions with hot, humid summers such as the southeastern United States. It is also used as a grafting understock for fir cultivars in these areas.
References

Katsuki, T.; Zhang, D.; Rushforth, K.; Farjon, A. (2013). "Abies firma". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2013: e.T42282A2969505. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T42282A2969505.en. Retrieved 27 July 2023.

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