Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Divisio: Tracheophyta
Divisio: Pinophyta
Classis: Pinopsida
Ordo: Pinales
Familia: Pinaceae
Genus: Abies
Sectio: A. sect. Momi
Species: Abies homolepis
Name
Abies homolepis Siebold & Zucc., Fl. Jap. 2(2): 17 (1842).
Synonyms
Homotypic
Pinus homolepis (Siebold & Zucc.) Antoine, Coniferen: 78 (1843).
Picea homolepis (Siebold & Zucc.) Carrière, Traité Gén. Conif., ed. 2: 290 (1867).
Heterotypic
Abies brachyphylla Maxim., Bull. Acad. Imp. Sci. Saint-Pétersbourg, sér. 3, 10: 488 (1866).
Abies tschonoskiana Regel, Index Seminum (LE, Petropolitanus) 1865: 32 (1866).
Abies finhonnoskiana R.Neumann ex Parl. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 16(2): 431 (1868).
Pinus brachyphylla (Maxim.) Parl. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 16(2): 424 (1868).
Pinus finhonnoskiana Parl. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 16(2): 431 (1868), nom. inval.
Pinus tschonoskiana Parl. in A.P.de Candolle, Prodr. 16(2): 431 (1868), nom. inval.
Abies firma var. brachyphylla (Maxim.) Bertrand, Bull. Soc. Bot. France 18: 380 (1871).
Picea brachyphylla (Maxim.) Gordon, Pinetum, ed. 2: 201 (1875).
Abies harryana W.R.McNab, Trans. Bot. Soc. Edinburgh 12: 503 (1876).
Pinus harryana (W.R.McNab) W.R.McNab, Proc. Roy. Irish Acad., ser. 2, 2: 689 (1876).
Picea firma Mast., J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 18: 518 (1881), nom. illeg.
Picea pinnosa Mast., J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 18: 515 (1881).
Picea tschonofskiana (Regel) Mast., J. Linn. Soc., Bot. 18: 518 (1881).
Abies homolepis var. tomomi Bobbink & Atkins ex Rehder, J. Arnold Arbor. 1: 53 (1920).
Abies brachyphylla var. tomomi (Bobbink & Atkins ex Rehder) Dallim. & A.B.Jacks., Handb. Conif.: 88 (1923).
Abies homolepis f. tomomi (Bobbink & Atkins ex Rehder) Rehder, Bibl. Cult. Trees: 9 (1949).
Abies homolepis var. scottae McFarland, Hortic.: 456 (1932).
Distribution
Native distribution areas:
Continental: Asia-Temperate
Regional: Eastern Asia
Japan.
References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references
Siebold, P.F.v. & Zuccarini, J.G. 1842–1870. Flora Japonica sive, Plantae Quas in Imperio Japonico Collegit, Descripsit, ex Parte in Ipsis Locis Pingendas Curavit. Sectio Prima Continens Plantas Ornatui vel Usui Inservientes. Digessit J. G. Zuccarini. Volumen secundum. 89 + 1 pp., 150 tab., Lugduni Batavorum [Leiden]. Gallica Reference page. !17, !t. 108
Additional references
Aizawa, M. & Iwaizumi, M.G. 2020. Natural hybridization and introgression of Abies firma and Abies homolepis along the altitudinal gradient and genetic insights into the origin of Abies umbellata. Plant Species Biology 35(2): 147–157. DOI: 10.1111/1442-1984.12269 ResearchGate Reference page.
Links
Govaerts, R. et al. 2020. Abies homolepis in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2020 Oct 28. Reference page.
Vernacular names
Deutsch: Nikko-Tanne
English: Nikko Fir
eesti: Nikko nulg
suomi: Nikonpihta
日本語: ウラジロモミ
Nederlands: Nikko zilverspar
polski: Jodła nikko
Abies homolepis, also known as the Nikko fir,[2] is a species of fir native to the mountains of central and southern Honshū and Shikoku, Japan. It grows at altitudes of 700–2,200 m, often in temperate rain forest with high rainfall and cool, humid summers, and heavy winter snowfall.
Description
It is a medium-sized to large evergreen coniferous tree growing to 30–40 m tall with a trunk diameter of up to 1.5 m. The leaves are needle-like, flattened, 1.5–3.5 cm long and 2–3 mm wide by 0.5 mm thick, glossy green above, and with two white bands of stomata below, and rounded or slightly notched at the tip. The leaf arrangement is spiral on the shoot, but with each leaf variably twisted at the base so they lie partially flattened to either side of and above the shoot, with few below the shoot. The shoots are yellow-buff, glabrous, and often conspicuously grooved. The cones are 6–12 cm long and 3–4 cm broad, purple-blue before maturity; the scale bracts are short, and hidden in the closed cone. The winged seeds are released when the cones disintegrate at maturity about 6–7 months after pollination.[citation needed]
Uses
The wood of Nikko fir is used for general structural timber. Outside Japan, it is grown as an ornamental tree in northern Europe and North America.[citation needed]
It is also a popular forest tree since it is resistant to air pollution.[3]
References
Katsuki, T.; Zhang, D.; Rushforth, K.; Farjon, A. (2013). "Abies homolepis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2013: e.T42288A2969985. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T42288A2969985.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
Rushforth, Keith (1986) [1980]. Bäume [Pocket Guide to Trees] (in German) (2nd ed.). Bern: Hallwag AG. ISBN 3-444-70130-6.
Liu, T. S. (1971). A Monograph of the genus Abies. National Taiwan University.
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