Adiantum pedatum, Photo: Michael Lahanas
Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Divisio: Tracheophyta
Divisio: Pteridophyta
Classis: Polypodiopsida
Ordo: Polypodiales
Familia: Pteridaceae
Subfamilia: Vittarioideae
Genus: Adiantum
Species: Adiantum pedatum
Name
Adiantum pedatum L., Sp. Pl. 2: 1095 (1753).
Provenance: "Habitat in Canada, Virginia."
Lectotype: "Adianthum fruticos. American. summis ramulis reflexis et in orbem expansis" in Plukenet, Phytographia, t. 124, f. 2 (1692).
Typotype: Herb. Sloane 93: 10 (BM-SL) (designated by: Reveal in Jarvis (ed.), Order out of Chaos: 262 (2007))
Synonyms
Homotypic
Adiantum pedatum var. originarium Wherry, Amer. Fern J. 27: 58 (1937), nom. superfl.
Adiantum americanum Nieuwl., Amer. Midl. Naturalist 2: 280 (1912), nom. superfl.
Heterotypic
Adiantum boreale C.Presl, Tent. Pterid.: 158 (1836).
Adiantum pedatum var. kamtschaticum Rupr., Beitr. Pflanzenk. Russ. Reiches 3: 48 (1845).
Typus: Kamtschatka, (Merk, Pallas)
Adiantum pedatum var. triangulare McCord, Canad. Naturalist Geol., n.s., 1(5): 355 (1864).
Type locality: Chatham
Adiantum pedatum f. triangulare (McCord) M.Broun, Index No. Amer. Ferns: 16 (1938).
Adiantum pedatum var. rangiferinum E.S.Burgess, Proc. & Trans. Roy. Soc. Canada 4(4): 11 (1886).
Type locality: at the base of Mt. Finlayson, 12 miles from Victoria, on thickly shaded rocks overhanging the waters of Gold Stream, J.R. Anderson
Adiantum pedatum var. praeflexum Copel. ex C.F.Baker, West Amer. Pl. 2: 7 (1903).
Type locality: N. California
Adiantum pedatum var. laciniatum Hopkins, Ohio Naturalist 10: 179 (1910).
Type locality: Ohio, Wayne County
Adiantum pedatum f. laciniatum (Hopkins) Weath., Amer. Fern J. 27: 52 (1937).
Adiantum pedatum var. glaucinum C.Chr., J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 17: 498 (1927), nom. nud.
Typus: China, Kansu, Hsia Mo K'ou, near Lichen; alt. 1950 ; in dense forest, Christ 326.
Adiantum pedatum var. tripartitum Farw., Amer. Fern J. 27: 12 (1937).
Typus: Michigan, Keweenaw Peninsula, Houghton Co., Hazel, 7 Oct 1934, Farwell 10612.
Adiantum pedatum f. billingsae Kittr., Amer. Fern J. 19: 56 (1929).
Typus: Vermont, Woodstock, Mt. Tom, North Ridge Road. Shaded bank, Aug 1928, Kittredge
Adiantum grandifolium Ching, Bull. Fan Mem. Inst. Biol., n.s., 1: 269 (1949).
Adiantum pedatum f. contractum Yonek. & Keizo Sasaki, J. Jap. Bot. 89: 361 (2014). DOI: 10.51033/jjapbot.89_5_10535
Typus: Japan. Cultivated at Sasaki’s garden in Kesenʼnuma City, Miyagi Pref., originally collected around 1990 from roadside on the way to Akabane Pass, Sumita-cho, Kesen-gun, Iwate Pref., Honshu, Japan. 10 Jul. 2013, K. Yonekura & K. Sasaki 19995 (Holotype: TUS).
Homonyms
Adiantum pedatum G.Forst., Fl. Ins. Austr.: 83 (1786), sensu auct. = Adiantum hispidulum var. hispidulum
Adiantum pedatum Raddi, Opusc. Sci. 3: 295 (1819) = Adiantum abscissum Schrad..
Adiantum pedatum Peter, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 40(1): 45 (1929), nom. illeg. = Adiantum patens subsp. oatesii Baker
Hybrids
A. × viridimontanum
Distribution
Native distribution areas:
Continental: Asia-Temperate
Regional: Russian Far East
Amur, Khabarovsk, Kuril Islands, Primorye, Sakhalin.
Regional: China
China South-Central, Manchuria, China North-Central, Qinghai, China Southeast, Tibet.
Regional: Eastern Asia
Japan, Korea.
Continental: Asia-Tropical
Regional: Indian Subcontinent
Assam, East Himalaya, Nepal, Pakistan, West Himalaya.
Regional: Indo-China
Myanmar.
Continental: Northern America
Regional: Subarctic America
Alaska.
Regional: Eastern Canada
New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, Québec.
Regional: North-Central U.S.A.
Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Wisconsin.
Regional: Northeastern U.S.A.
Connecticut, Indiana, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia.
Regional: Southeastern U.S.A.
Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, District of Columbia.
References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references
Linnaeus, C. 1753. Species Plantarum. Tomus II: 1095. Reference page.
Additional references
Jarvis, C.E. 2007. Order out of Chaos: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types. London: Linnean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum, ISBN 978-0-9506207-7-0, p. 262. Online. Reference page.
Links
Govaerts, R. et al. 2022. Adiantum pedatum in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2022 May 5. Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2022. Adiantum pedatum. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 5 May 2022.
International Plant Names Index. 2022. Adiantum pedatum. Published online. Accessed: 5 May 2022. Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2022. World Ferns. Checklist of Ferns and Lycophytes of the World. . Adiantum pedatum Accessed: 5 May 2022. Reference page.
JSTOR Global Plants. Adiantum pedatum. Accessed: 2024 Dec 23 Reference page.
Vernacular names
Deutsch: Pfauenrad-Frauenhaarfarn
English: Northern maidenhair fern
suomi: Tarha-adiantumi
français: Adiante du Canada
日本語: クジャクシダ
Nederlands: Hoefijzervaren
русский: Адиантум стоповидный
svenska: Frilandsadiantum
中文: 掌叶铁线蕨
Adiantum pedatum, the northern maidenhair fern, is a species of fern in the family Pteridaceae,[3] native to moist forests in eastern North America. Like other ferns in the genus, the name maidenhair refers to the slender, shining black stipes.
Description
A. pedatum grows 30–75 cm (12–30 in) tall, and is deciduous.
Taxonomy
Adiantum pedatum was described by Linnaeus in Species Plantarum in 1753 (the official starting point of modern botanical nomenclature). He referred to earlier descriptions, all based on material from eastern North America.[4] Linnaeus' own herbarium contains one specimen, collected by Pehr Kalm.
Specimens collected in Unalaska and Kodiak Island by Chamisso and Langsdorf were referred to as Adiantum boreale by Presl in 1836, although he did not provide a species description to accompany the name. Ruprecht, in 1845, called the Alaskan material A. pedatum var. aleuticum, and created var. kamtschaticum for material collected in Kamchatka by Carl Merck and Pallas. In 1857, E. J. Lowe noted that Wallich and Cantor had collected the species in northern India, and that material from the western United States ranged as far south as California. It was one of the many species cited by Asa Gray as disjunct between Japan and both the eastern and western United States. By 1874, Hooker & Baker reported it as present in both Japan and Manchuria.
Several species have been segregated from the former A. pedatum, sensu lato. These include A. aleuticum, A. viridimontanum, A. myriosorum, and A. subpedatum. These all have fronds distinctively bifurcated and with pinnae on only one side.
Habitat
It grows in a variety of habitats, but generally favors soils that are both humus-rich, moist, and well-drained. It grows both in soils and on rock faces and ledges when adequate moisture is present.
References
NatureServe (November 1, 2024). "Adiantum pedatum". NatureServe Explorer. Arlington, Virginia. Retrieved November 16, 2024.
"Adiantum pedatum L." The Plant List. 2013. Retrieved 7 October 2018.
Christenhusz, Maarten J. M.; Zhang, Xian-Chun; Schneider, Harald (2011). "A linear sequence of extant families and genera of lycophytes and ferns" (PDF). Phytotaxa. 19: 7–54. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.19.1.2.
Linnaeus 1753, p. 1095.
Bibliography
Linnaeus, C. (1753). Species Plantarum. Vol. II. Stockholm: Laurentii Salvii.
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