Superregnum: Eukaryota
Cladus: Orthokaryota
Cladus: Neokaryota
Cladus: Photokaryota
Cladus: Diaphoretickes
Cladus: CAM
Regnum*: Archaeplastida
Regnum*: Viridiplantae
Cladus: Streptophyta
Cladi: Chlorokybophyceae – Klebsormidiophyceae – Mesostigmatophyceae – Phragmoplastophyta – Spirotaenia – Streptofilum
Name
1. Streptophyta sensu stricto Jeffrey, 1967; Adl et al. 2012 [= Charales + Embryophyta]
Synonyms
Streptophytina Lewis & McCourt, 2004
2. Streptophyta sensu lato Bremer, 1985; Sitte et al., 2002; de Reviers, 2002; Leliaert et al. 2012; Ruggiero et al., 2015 [= Charales + other green algae + Embryophyta]
Synonyms
Charophyta Lewis & McCourt, 2004; Karol et al. 2009
Streptobionta Kenrick & Crane, 1997
Classifications
Jeffrey (1967)
Jeffrey, C. The origin and differentiation of the Archegoniate land plants: A second contribution. Kew Bull. 21, 335-349 (1967).
Streptophyta
Charales
Embryophyta
Sitte et al. (2002)
Sitte, P., Weiler, E.W., Kadereit, J.W., Bresinsky, A., Körner, C. (2002): Strasburger – Lehrbuch der Botanik. 35. Aufl. Spektrum/Gustav Fischer, [1].
"Pflanzen"
Eucarya p.p.
Chlorobionta
Chlorophyta
Streptophyta
Streptophytina
Mesostigmatophyceae
Zygnemophyceae
Klebsormidiophyceae
Charophyceae
Bryophytina
Pteridophytina
Spermatophytina
Reviers (2002-2003)
Reviers, B. de (2002-2003). Biologie et phylogénie des algues. Tome 1, 352 p. Tome 2, 255 p. Paris: Belin.
[Note: (*) indicates divisions and classes classified as “algae” at a given time; some non-algal groups not listed]
Eukaryota
Regnum Plantae (or Primoplastobiota)
Subregnum Glaucobionta
Divisio, phylum Glaucophyta (or Glaucocystophyta) (*)
Subregnum Rhodobionta
Divisio, phylum Rhodophyta (*)
Subregnum Viridiplantae (or Chlorobionta)
Branch of Chlorophyta (*)
Classis “Prasinophyceae” (paraphyletic) (*)
Classis Pedinophyceae (*)
Classis “Ulvophyceae” lato sensu (paraphyletic) (*)
Classis Chlorophyceae stricto sensu (*)
Classis Trebouxiophyceae (*)
Branch of Streptophyta
“Streptophycophytes” (paraphyletic)
Classis Mesostigmatophyceae (*)
Classis Zygnematophyceae (*)
Classis Chlorokybophyceae (*)
Classis Klebsormidiophyceae (*)
Classis Coleochaetophyceae (*)
Classis Charophyceae (*)
Embryophyta (extant classes)
Lewis & McCourt (2004)
Lewis, L.A. & McCourt, R.M. 2004. Green algae and the origin of land plants. American Journal of Botany 91(10): 1535–1556. DOI: 10.3732/ajb.91.10.1535 Open access Reference page.
Division Charophyta (charophyte algae and embryophytes)
Class Mesostigmatophyceae (mesostigmatophytes)
Class Chlorokybophyceae (chlorokybophytes)
Class Klebsormidiophyceae (klebsormidiophytes)
Class Zygnemophyceae (conjugates)
Order Zygnematales (filamentous conjugates and saccoderm desmids)
Order Desmidiales (placoderm desmids)
Class Coleochaetophyceae (coleochaetophytes)
Order Coleochaetales
Subdivision Streptophytina
Class Charophyceae (reverts to use of GM Smith)
Order Charales (charophytes sensu stricto)
Class Embryophyceae (embryophytes)
Leliaert et al. (2012)
Leliaert, F., Smith, D.R., Moreau, H., Herron, M.D., Verbruggen, H., Delwiche, C.F. & De Clerck, O. 2012. Phylogeny and molecular evolution of the green algae. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences 31(1): 1–46. DOI: 10.1080/07352689.2011.615705 Paywall PDF Reference page.
Viridiplantae
Chlorophyta
Streptophyta
charophytes
Mesostigmatophyceae
Chlorokybophyceae
Klebsormidiophyceae
Charophyceae
Zygnematophyceae
Coleochaetophyceae
Embryophyta (land plants)
Adl et al. (2012)
Adl, S.M., Simpson, A.G.B., Lane, C.E., Lukeš, J., Bass, D., Bowser, S.S., Brown, M.W., Burki, F., Dunthorn, M., Hampl, V., Heiss, A., Hoppenrath, M., Lara, E., Le Gall, L., Lynn, D.H., McManus, H., Mitchell, E.A.D., Mozley-Stanridge, S.E., Parfrey, L.W., Pawlowski, J., Rueckert, S., Shadwick, L., Schoch, C.L., Smirnow, A. & Spiegel, F.W. 2012. The revised classification of eukaryotes. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 59(5): 429–514. DOI: 10.1111/j.1550-7408.2012.00644.x Open access [Erratum: 60(3): 321. DOI: 10.1111/jeu.12033 Open access] Reference page.
Eukaryota
Archaeplastida Adl et al. 2005
Glaucophyta Skuja 1954 (Glaucocystophyta Kies & Kremer 1986)
Rhodophyceae Thuret 1855, emend. Rabenhorst 1863 (Rhodophyta Wettstein 1901, Rhodoplantae Saunders & Hommersand 2004) emend. Adl et al. 2005
Chloroplastida Adl et al. 2005 (Viridiplantae Cavalier-Smith 1981)
Chlorophyta Pascher 1914, emend. Lewis & McCourt 2004
Charophyta Migula 1897, emend. Karol et al. 2009 (Charophyceae Smith 1938, Mattox & Stewart 1984)
Chlorokybus Geitler 1942 (Chlorokybophyceae Lewis & McCourt 2004) (M)
Mesostigma Lauterborn 1894 (Mesostigmatophyceae Marin & Melkonian 1999, emend. Lewis & McCourt 2004; Mesostigmata Turmel et al. 2002) (M)
Klebsormidiophyceae van den Hoek et al. 1995
Phragmoplastophyta Lecointre & Guyander 2006
Zygnematophyceae van den Hoek et al. 1995, emend. Hall et al. 2009
Coleochaetophyceae Jeffrey 1982
Streptophyta Jeffrey 1967
Charophyceae Smith 1938, emend. Karol et al. 2009 (Charales Lindley 1836; Charophytae Engler 1887)
Embryophyta Engler 1886, emend. Lewis & McCourt 2004 (Cormophyta Endlicher 1836; Plantae Haeckel 1866)
[Notes: M, monotypic group with only one described species; P, paraphyletic group; R, ribogroup assembled from phylogenetic studies.]
Ruggiero et al. (2015)
Ruggiero, M.A., Gordon, D.P., Orrell, T.M., Bailly, N., Bourgoin, T., Brusca, R.C., Cavalier-Smith, T., Guiry, M. D. & Kirk, P. M. (2015). A Higher Level Classification of All Living Organisms. PLoS ONE 10(4): e0119248, [2].
Superkingdom Eukaryota
Kingdom Plantae [= Archaeplastida]
Subkingdom Biliphyta
Phylum Glaucophyta
Class Glaucophyceae
Order Glaucocystales
Phylum Rhodophyta
Subkingdom Viridiplantae
Infrakingdom Chlorophyta
Infrakingdom Streptophyta
Superphylum Charophyta
Phylum Charophyta
Class Charophyceae
Order Charales
Class Chlorokybophyceae
Order Chlorokybales
Class Coleochaetophyceae
Order Chaetosphaeridiales
Order Coleochaetales
Class Conjugatophyceae [= Zygnematophyceae]
Order Desmidiales
Order Zygnematales
Class Klebsormidiophyceae
Order Klebsormidiales
Class Mesostigmatophyceae
Order Mesostigmatales
Superphylum Embryophyta
Phylum Anthocerotophyta
Phylum Bryophyta
Phylum Marchantiophyta
Phylum Tracheophyta
References
1. Puttick, Mark N.; Morris, Jennifer L.; Williams, Tom A.; Cox, Cymon J.; Edwards, Dianne; Kenrick, Paul; Pressel, Silvia; Wellman, Charles H.; Schneider, Harald (2018). "The Interrelationships of Land Plants and the Nature of the Ancestral Embryophyte". Current Biology. 28 (5): 733–745.e2. Bibcode:2018CBio...28E.733P. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2018.01.063. hdl:1983/ad32d4da-6cb3-4ed6-add2-2415f81b46da. PMID 29456145.
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