Stapelianthus

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Cladus: Lamiids
Ordo: Gentianales

Familia: Apocynaceae
Subfamilia: Asclepiadoideae
Tribus: Ceropegieae
Subtribus: Stapeliinae
Genus: Stapelianthus
Species: S. arenarius – S. decaryi – S. insignis – S. keraudreniae – S. madagascariensis – S. montagnacii – S. pilosus
Name

Stapelianthus Choux ex A.C.White & B.Sloane (1933)

Type species: S. madagascariensis (Choux) Choux ex A.C.White & B.Sloane

Synonyms

Homotypic
Stapeliopsis Choux, Compt. Rend. Hebd. Séances Acad. Sci. 193: 1444. 1931, nom. illeg., non Stapeliopsis Pillans (1928)

References

Bruyns, P.V. & Klak, C. 2004. Revision of the Madagascan endemic Stapelianthus (Apocynaceae) based on molecular and morphological characters. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 91(3): 410–437. JSTOR BHL Reference page.
White, A.C.; Sloane, B.L. 1933: The Stapelieae. An introduction to the study of this tribe of Asclepiadaceae. Abbey San Encino Press, Pasadena, California. Reference page. (p. 71!)

Stapelianthus[2] is a genus of flowering plants in the family Apocynaceae, first described as a genus in 1933. The entire genus is endemic to Madagascar and is concentrated in the far south of the island.

The genus is defined by the unique corona structure of its flowers.[3][4][5]

Species[6]

Stapelianthus arenarius Bosser & Morat
Stapelianthus insignis Descoings
Stapelianthus keraudreniae Bosser & Morat
Stapelianthus madagascarensis Choux
Stapelianthus montagnacii (Boiteau) Boiteau & Jean Bertrand
Stapelianthus pilosus Lavranos & D.S.Hardy

formerly included[6]

Stapelianthus baylissii, syn of Tridentea baylissii
Stapelianthus choananthus, syn of Tridentea choanantha

Taxonomy

The species are extremely close to each other genetically, however the genus overall is very divergent from its relatives on the mainland.

Phylogenetic studies have shown the genus to be most closely related to a large and widespread branch of stapeliads from mainland Africa, comprising the genera Huernia, Tavaresia and a mixed sub-branch including Orbea, Piaranthus and Stapelia.[7]

References

Tropicos.org, retrieved 11 March 2016
P. V. Bruyns & C. Klak (2004). "Revision of the Madagascan endemic Stapelianthus (Apocynaceae) based on molecular and morphological characters". Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden. 91 (3): 410–437. JSTOR 3298618.
Tropicos
Bruyns P. V., Forster P. I. (1991). "Recircumscription of the Stapelieae (Asclepiadaceae)". Taxon. 40 (3): 381–391. doi:10.2307/1223217. JSTOR 1223217.
Schatz, G. E., S. Andriambololonera, Andrianarivelo, M. W. Callmander, Faranirina, P. P. Lowry, P. B. Phillipson, Rabarimanarivo, J. I. Raharilala, Rajaonary, Rakotonirina, R. H. Ramananjanahary, B. Ramandimbisoa, A. Randrianasolo, N. Ravololomanana, Z.S. Rogers, C.M. Taylor & G. A. Wahlert. 2011. Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Madagascar. Monographs in systematic botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden
The Plant List
Bruyns P., Klak C., Hanacek P. (2014). "Evolution of the stapeliads (Apocynaceae–Asclepiadoideae) – repeated major radiation across Africa in an Old World group". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 77 (1): 251–263. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2014.03.022. PMID 24721383.