Abarema

Life-forms

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Rosids
Cladus: Eurosids I
Ordo: Fabales

Familia: Fabaceae
Subfamilia: Caesalpinioideae
Tribus: Ingeae
Genus: Abarema
Species: A. cochliacarpos – A. diamantina – A. levelii – A. maestrensis
Source(s) of checklist:
Name

Abarema Pittier, Bol. Minist. R.R.E.E. 10-12: 440. (1927)

Type species: Abarema cochliacarpos (Gomes) Barneby & J.W.Grimes, Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 74(1): 94. (1996)

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Continental: Southern America
Regional: Brazil
Brazil North, Brazil Northeast, Brazil Southeast
Regional: Caribbean
Cuba
Regional: Northern South America
Venezuela

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references

Pittier, H.F., 1927. Boletín del Ministerio de R.R.E.E. (Relaciones Exteriores) 10-12: 440

Additional references

Iganci, J.R.V. & Morim, M.P. 2012. Abarema (Fabaceae, Mimosoideae) in the Atlantic Domain, Brazil. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 168: 473-486.
Soares, M.V.B., Guerra, E., Morim, M.P. & Iganci, J.R.V. 2021. Reinstatement and recircumscription of Jupunba and Punjuba (Fabaceae) based on phylogenetic evidence. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 196(4): 456–479. DOI: 10.1093/botlinnean/boab007 Paywall. ResearchGate Open access. Reference page.

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2022. Abarema in Kew Science Plants of the World Online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2022 October 09. Reference page.
Hassler, M. 2022. Abarema. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2022. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published online. Accessed: 2022 October 09. Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2022. Abarema. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published online. Accessed: 09 October 2022.
International Plant Names Index. 2022. Abarema. Published online. Accessed: October 09 2022. Reference page.

Vernacular names
مصرى: آبارما
беларуская: Абарема
മലയാളം: അബറേമ
русский: Абарема
slovenščina: abaréma
中文: 蟹豆属

Abarema is a neotropical genus in the family Fabaceae. It is native to Brazil and Venezuela.[1] Most of the species can be found in the Amazon Basin and the Guyana Highlands. They have a deep-green fernlike foliage, with bipinnately compound leaves.
Taxonomy

In older works, the entire genus is usually included within Pithecellobium.[2] Following the 1996 revision, about 45 species were accepted. This genus has been proven to be polyphyletic under its previous circumscription. As a result of the genetic evidence, the genera Jupunba and Punjuba were separated from Abarema, and most of those species are now placed in Jupunba and Punjuba.[3]
Species

Plants of the World Online currently accepts three species.[1]

Abarema cochliacarpos (Gomes) Barneby & J.W.Grimes – barbatimo: eastern Brazil
Abarema diamantina E.Guerra, Iganci & M.P.Morim – northeastern Brazil (central Bahia)
Abarema levelii (R.S.Cowan) Barneby & J.W.Grimes – southern Venezuela and northern Brazil

Status uncertain

Abarema agropecuaria Barneby & J.W.Grimes (World Flora Online considers this an unplaced name)[4]
Abarema ricoae Barneby & J.W.Grimes, nom. inval. (World Flora Online considers this an unplaced name)[5]

Formerly placed here

Archidendron bigeminum (L.) I.C.Nielsen (as Abarema abeywickramae Kosterm., Abarema bigemina (L.) Kosterm., and Abarema monadelpha (Roxb.) Kosterm.)[6]
Archidendron grandiflorum (Benth.) I.C.Nielsen (as Abarema grandiflora (Benth.) Kosterm.)[7]
Archidendron hendersonii (F.Muell.) I.C.Nielsen (as Abarema hendersonii (F.Muell.) Kosterm.)[8]
Hydrochorea acreana (J.F.Macbr.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes (as Abarema acreana (J.F.Macbr.) L.Rico)
Jupunba abbottii (Rose & Leonard) Britton & Rose (as Abarema abbottii (Rose & Leonard) Barneby & J.W.Grimes) – Abbott abarema
Jupunba adenophora (Ducke) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema adenophora (Ducke) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
Jupunba alexandri (Urb.) Britton & Rose (as Abarema alexandri (Urb.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
Jupunba asplenifolia (Griseb.) Britton & Rose (Abarema asplenifolia (Griseb.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes) – spleen-leaved abarema
Jupunba auriculata (Benth.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema auriculata (Benth.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes – guarango maní
Jupunba barbouriana (Standl.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (synonym Abarema barbouriana (Standl.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes) – Barbour abarema
Jupunba brachystachya (DC.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema brachystachya (DC.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes and Abarema obovata (Benth.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes) – obovate abarema
Jupunba campestris (Spruce ex Benth.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema campestris (Spruce ex Benth.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
Jupunba cochleata (Willd.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema cochleata (Willd.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
Jupunba cochleata var. moniliformis (Barneby & J.W.Grimes) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema cochleata var. moniliformis (Barneby & J.W.Grimes) Barneby & J.W.Grimes and Abarema moniliformis Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
Jupunba commutata (Barneby & J.W.Grimes) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema commutata Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
Jupunba curvicarpa (H.S.Irwin) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema curvicarpa (H.S.Irwin) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
Jupunba curvicarpa var. rodriguesii (Barneby & J.W.Grimes) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci as Abarema curvicarpa var. rodriguesii Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
Jupunba ferruginea (Benth.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema ferruginea (Benth.) Pittier)
Jupunba filamentosa (Benth.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (Abarema filamentosa (Benth.) Pittier)
Jupunba floribunda (Spruce ex Benth.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema floribunda (Spruce ex Benth.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
Jupunba gallorum (Barneby & J.W.Grimes) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema gallorum Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
Jupunba ganymedea (Barneby & J.W.Grimes) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema ganymedea Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
Jupunba glauca (Urb.) Britton & Rose (as Abarema glauca (Urb.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
Jupunba idiopoda (S.F.Blake) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema idiopoda (S.F.Blake) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)[9]
Jupunba laeta (Benth.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema laeta (Benth.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
Jupunba langsdorffii (Benth.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema langsdorffii (Benth.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
Jupunba leucophylla (Spruce ex Benth.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema leucophylla (Spruce ex Benth.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
Jupunba leucophylla var. vaupesensis (Barneby & J.W.Grimes) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema leucophylla var. vaupesensis Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
Jupunba longipedunculata (H.S.Irwin) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (Abarema longipedunculata (H.S.Irwin) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
Jupunba macradenia (Pittier) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema macradenia (Pittier) Barneby & J.W.Grimes) – Panama abarema
Jupunba mataybifolia (Sandwith) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema mataybifolia (Sandwith) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
Jupunba microcalyx (Spruce ex Benth.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema microcalyx (Spruce ex Benth.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
Jupunba nipensis (Britton) Britton & Rose (as Abarema nipensis (Britton) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
Jupunba obovalis (A.Rich.) Britton & Rose (as Abarema obovalis (A.Rich.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
Jupunba oppositifolia (Urb.) Britton & Rose (as Abarema oppositifolia (Urb.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes) – opposite-leaved abarema
Jupunba oxyphyllidia (Barneby & J.W.Grimes) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema oxyphyllidia Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
Jupunba piresii (Barneby & J.W.Grimes) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema piresii Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
Jupunba trapezifolia (Vahl) Moldenke (as Abarema trapezifolia (Vahl) Pittier and Abarema jupunba var. trapezifolia (Vahl) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
Jupunba trapezifolia var. micradenia (Benth.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema jupunba (Willd.) Britton & Killip) – Delmare abarema, crabwood, dalmare, delmare, jumbie head, soapy-soapy; wild tamarin (Grenada, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, tropical South America)
Jupunba turbinata (Benth.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema turbinata (Benth.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
Jupunba villifera (Ducke) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema villifera (Ducke) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
Jupunba zolleriana (Standl. & Steyerm.) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema zolleriana (Standl. & Steyerm.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
Punjuba callejasii (Barneby & J.W.Grimes) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema callejasii Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
Punjuba centiflora (Barneby & J.W.Grimes) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci (as Abarema centiflora Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
Punjuba josephi (Barneby & J.W.Grimes) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci as Abarema josephi Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
Punjuba killipii Britton & Rose (as Abarema killipii (Britton & Rose) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
Punjuba lehmannii Britton & Rose (as Abarema lehmannii (Britton & Rose) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)
Punjuba racemiflora (Donn.Sm.) Britton & Rose (as Abarema racemiflora (Donn.Sm.) Barneby & J.W.Grimes)

Footnotes

Abarema Pittier. Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 25 March 2025.
Barneby & Grimes (1996), ILDIS (2005)
Soares, M. V. B., Guerra, E., Morim, M. P., & Iganci, J. R. V. (2021). "Reinstatement and recircumscription of Jupunba and Punjuba (Fabaceae) based on phylogenetic evidence." Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 196(4), 456-479.
WFO (2025). Abarema agropecuaria Barneby & J.W.Grimes. World Flora Online. Retrieved 26 March 2025.
WFO (2025). Abarema ricoae Barneby & J.W.Grimes. World Flora Online. Retrieved 27 March 2025.
"Archidendron bigeminum (L.) I.C.Nielsen". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 17 January 2022.
"Archidendron grandiflorum (Benth.) I.C.Nielsen". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 17 January 2022.
"Archidendron hendersonii (F.Muell.) I.C.Nielsen". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 17 January 2022.

"Jupunba idiopoda (S.F.Blake) M.V.B.Soares, M.P.Morim & Iganci". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 17 January 2022.

References

Barneby, R.C. & Grimes, J.W. (1996): Silk Tree, Guanacaste, Monkey's Earring: A generic system for the synandrous Mimosaceae of the Americas. Part I. Abarema, Albizia, and Allies. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 74(1): 1–292. ISBN 0-89327-395-3
International Legume Database & Information Service (ILDIS) (2005): Genus Abarema. Version 10.01, November 2005. Retrieved 2008-MAR-31.