Andrographis

Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Cladus: Lamiids
Ordo: Lamiales

Familia: Acanthaceae
Subfamilia: Acanthoideae
Tribus: Andrographideae
Genus: Andrographis
Species: A. affinis – A. alata – A. atropurpurea – A. beddomei – A. chendurunii – A. echioides – A. elongata – A. erpyllifolia – A. explicata – A. glandulosa – A. gracilis – A. lawsonii – A. lineata – A. lobelioides – A. longipedunculata – A. macrobotrys – A. megamalayana – A. neesiana – A. paniculata – A. producta – A. rothii – A. rotundifolia – A. serpyllifolia – A. stellulata – A. stenophylla – A. subspathulata – A. viscosula
Name

Andrographis Wall. ex Nees, 1832

Type species: Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Wall.

Synonyms

Heterotypic
Erianthera Nees
Indoneesiella Sreem.
Neesiella Sreem.

References

Wallich, N., Plantae Asiaticae Rariores 3: 77, 116. 1832.

Links

Hassler, M. 2018. Andrographis. World Plants: Synonymic Checklists of the Vascular Plants of the World In: Roskovh, Y., Abucay, L., Orrell, T., Nicolson, D., Bailly, N., Kirk, P., Bourgoin, T., DeWalt, R.E., Decock, W., De Wever, A., Nieukerken, E. van, Zarucchi, J. & Penev, L., eds. 2018. Species 2000 & ITIS Catalogue of Life. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2018 Jun. 09. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2018. Andrographis. Published online. Accessed: Jun. 09 2018.
Govaerts, R. et al. 2018. Andrographis in Kew Science Plants of the World online. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2018 Jun. 09. Reference page.
Tropicos.org 2018. Andrographis. Missouri Botanical Garden. Published on the internet. Accessed: 2018 Jun. 09.
Global Biodiversity Information Facility. 2019. GBIF Backbone Taxonomy. Checklist dataset. Taxon: Andrographis. .

Vernacular names
suomi: Kiratat
தமிழ்: சிறியா நங்கை/நிலவேம்பு

Andrographis is a genus of flowering plants in the family Acanthaceae. They may be generally known as the false waterwillows,[2] and several are called periyanagai.[3]

The species are native to the Indian subcontinent (including Myanmar, Sri Lanka and the West Himalaya region).[1][4] Many are endemic to India.[5] They may be herbs or shrubs.[3] They are introduced and/or cultivated in Southeast Asia and some areas around the Caribbean.[1]

Some species are used medicinally. The best known is Andrographis paniculata, which is valued in Ayurveda, Unani, and Siddha medicine. It is used to treat a very long list of illnesses and conditions.[4] A. alata and A. lineata are used in human and veterinary medicine.[3] Food use has also been recorded.[6]

It is currently (as of April 2021) accepted that there are 26 species in the genus.[1] These are:

Andrographis affinis Nees
Andrographis alata (Vahl) Nees
Andrographis atropurpurea (Dennst.) Alston
Andrographis beddomei C.B.Clarke
Andrographis chendurunii E.S.S.Kumar, A.E.S.Khan & S.G.Gopal
Andrographis echioides (L.) Nees
Andrographis elongata (Vahl) T.Anderson
Andrographis explicata (C.B.Clarke) Gamble
Andrographis glandulosa (B.Heyne ex Roth) Nees
Andrographis gracilis Nees
Andrographis lawsonii Gamble
Andrographis lineata Nees
Andrographis lobelioides Wight
Andrographis longipedunculata (Sreem.) L.H.Cramer ex Karthik. & Moorthy
Andrographis macrobotrys Nees
Andrographis megamalayana Gnanasek., Karupp. & G.V.S.Murthy
Andrographis neesiana Wight
Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees - Indian subcontinent (native), SE Asia (cultivated)
Andrographis producta (C.B.Clarke) Gamble
Andrographis rothii C.B.Clarke
Andrographis rotundifolia (Sreem.) Sreem.
Andrographis serpyllifolia (Rottler ex Vahl) Wight
Andrographis stellulata C.B.Clarke
Andrographis stenophylla C.B.Clarke
Andrographis subspathulata C.B.Clarke
Andrographis viscosula Nees

References

"Andrographis Wall. ex Nees". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 8 April 2021.
Andrographis. Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
Boopathi, C. A. (2000). Andrographis spp.: A source of bitter compounds for medicinal use. Anc Sci Life 19(3-4) 164-8.
Niranjan, A., et al. (2010). Biological activities of kalmegh (Andrographis paniculata Nees) and its active principles - A review. Indian J Nat Prod Resour 1(2) 125-35.
Gnanasekaran, G. and G. V. S. Murthy. (2012). Lectotypifications in Andrographis (Acanthaceae).[permanent dead link] Rheedia 22(2) 77-79.
Pauline Dy Phon (2000). Plants Utilised In Cambodia/Plantes utilisées au Cambodge. Phnom Penh: Imprimerie Olympic. pp. 14, 15.