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Classification System: APG IV

Superregnum: Eukaryota
Regnum: Plantae
Cladus: Angiosperms
Cladus: Eudicots
Cladus: Core eudicots
Cladus: Asterids
Cladus: Lamiids
Ordo: Lamiales

Familia: Lamiaceae
Subfamilia: Nepetoideae
Tribus: Mentheae
Subtribus: Salviinae
Genus: Salvia
Subgenus: S. subg. Salvia
Sectio: S. sect. Hymenosphace
Species: Salvia stenophylla
Name

Salvia stenophylla Burch. ex Benth., Labiat. Gen. Spec.: 306 (1833).
Synonyms

Heterotypic
Salvia chlorophylla Briq., Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 3: 1080 (1903).
Salvia xerobia Briq., Bull. Herb. Boissier, sér. 2, 3: 1076 (1903).
Salvia stenophylla var. subintegra Skan in W.H.Harvey & auct. suc. (eds.), Fl. Cap. 5(1): 326 (1910).
Salvia pallida Dinter, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 23: 227 (1926), nom. nud.

Distribution
Native distribution areas:

Africa
Southern Africa
Botswana, Cape Provinces, Free State, KwaZulu-Natal, Lesotho, Namibia, Northern Provinces.

References: Brummitt, R.K. 2001. TDWG – World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions, 2nd Edition
References
Primary references

Bentham, G. 1832–1836. Labiatarum genera et species: or, a description of the genera and species of plants of the order Labiatae; with their general history, characters, affinities, and geographical distribution. LXVIII + 783 pp. James Ridgway and Sons, London. Gallica Biblioteca Digital Reference page.

Additional references

Timberlake, J.R. & Martins, E.S. (eds.); Paton, A.J., Bramley, G.L.C., Ryding, P.O., Polhill, R.M., Harvey, Y.B., Iwarsson, M., Otieno, D.F., Balkwill, K., Phillipson, P.B., Harley, R.M. & Willis, F. (authors) 2013. Flora Zambesiaca: Mozambique, Malawi, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Botswana. Volume 8 part 8: Labiatae, Pogostemonoideae to Nepetoideae Tribe Mentheae. 346 pp., Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, London. ISBN 978-1-84246-196-9 Reference page.

Links

Govaerts, R. et al. 2021. Salvia stenophylla in World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published online. Accessed: 2021 January 15. Reference page.
International Plant Names Index. 2021. Salvia stenophylla. Published online. Accessed: 15 January 2021.

Salvia stenophylla (Blue Mountain sage) is a perennial shrub native to a wide area of Southern Africa: South Africa (the Cape Provinces, Lesotho, KwaZulu-Natal, the Free State and the Northern Provinces), Botswana and Namibia.[1] It grows on grassy or stony slopes, and in open countryside or among shrubs. It has been used traditionally as a disinfectant by burning it in huts after sickness, and it is also mixed with tobacco for smoking. Its specific epithet, stenophylla, refers to the narrow leaves.[2]

Description

Salvia stenophylla is a many-branched and upright shrub that reaches up to 2 feet (0.61 m) tall and wide in the wild, less in cultivation. The stems are square and lightly covered with hairs. The leaves are long and narrow with deep lobes. They have a strong fragrance and are rough to the touch. The sparsely spaced leaves are pinnatid, growing up to 2 inches (5.1 cm) long and 0.5 inches (1.3 cm) wide, with ten pairs of narrow segments that have glands. These glands give off a wood-like aroma when brushed. The stem and leaves contain the essential oils. The tiny pale blue flowers appear during the summer months.[3] They grow in whorls of six to eight, and are held in a calyx that is hairy and covered with oil glands.[2]
Uses

The leaves of Blue Mountain sage can be made into a tea and used to soothe digestive problems, colds, coughs, chest congestion, and relieve breathing issues. A poultice may be put on wounds such as scrapes, sores, and bites, giving relief by providing a cooling sensation. The herbage contains antibacterial and anti-inflammatory agents. The leaves of this plant are natural insect repellents when burned.[4][5]
Essential oil

The essential oil from Blue Mountain sage is straw-like in color. The oil is used to relieve stress and promote relaxation. It is used as a massage oil and an agent of aromatherapy. It may also be diluted, placed in the palms of the hands, and inhaled, a method used to clear the sinuses and bronchi.[6] The oil can be blended with basil, bergamot, cypress, geranium, ginger, lavender, lemon, vetivert, and ylang-ylang. This is a method of creating new flavors and scents from the original aroma.[5]
Chemical composition of the oil

The most abundant compounds in the Blue Mountain sage oil are α-bisabolol (46.5%), limonene (38.1%), δ-3-carene (24.9%), γ-terpinene (20.3%), p-cymene (18.4%) and (E)-nerolidol (53.6%).[7]
References

"Salvia stenophylla". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2015-08-12.
Clebsch, Betsy; Barner, Carol D. (2003). The New Book of Salvias. Timber Press. p. 284. ISBN 978-0-88192-560-9.
Salvia stenophylla. (2007). Rob's plants. Retrieved (2007, February 07) from http://www.robsplants.com/plants/SalviSteno.php
Schiller, Schiller, C,D. (2008). The Aromatherapy encyclopedia. Retrieved from https://books.google.com/books
Blue Mountain sage (Salvia stenophylla). (2007). Grass roots group. Retrieved (2007, ) from http://www.grassrootsgroup.co.za/index.php?id=144&submenu=134
Essential oils. (2010). Retrieved from http://www.floracopeia.com/store/
Viljoen, Alvaro M.; Gono-Bwalya, Angela; Kamatou, Guy P.P.; Başer, K. Hűsnű C.; Demirci, Betűl (January 2006). "The Essential Oil Composition and Chemotaxonomy of Salvia stenophylla and its Allies S. repens and S. runcinata". Journal of Essential Oil Research. 18 (sup1): 37–45. doi:10.1080/10412905.2006.12067117. S2CID 80865893. INIST:18019079.

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